• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.44-51
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• 2023

Nitrogen fertilizer is an essential macronutrient that requires repeated input for crop cultivation. Excessive use of nitrogen fertilizers can adversely affect the environment by discharging NH₃, NO, and N₂O into the air and leaching into surrounding water systems through rainfall runoff. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a technology that reduces the amount of nitrogen fertilizer used without compromising crop yields. Fertilizer deep placement could be a technology employed to increase the efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer use. In this study, a deep fertilization device that can be coupled to a tractor and used to inject fertilizer into the soil was developed. The deep fertilization device consisted of a tractor attachment part, fertilizer amount control and supply part, and an underground fertilizer input part. The fertilization depth was designed to be adjustable from the soil surface down to a depth of 40 cm in the soil. This device injected fertilizer at a speed of 2,000 m²/hr to a depth of 25 to 30 cm through an underground fertilizer injection pipe while being attached to and towed by a 62-horsepower agricultural tractor. Furthermore, it had no difficulty in employing various fertilizers currently utilized in agricultural fields, and it operated well. It could also perform fertilization and plowing work, thereby further simplifying agricultural labor. In this study, a newly developed device was used to investigate the effects of deep fertilizer placement (FDP) compared to those with urea surface broadcasting, in terms of rice and soybean grain yields. FDP increased the number of rice grains, resulting in an average improvement of 9% in rice yields across three regions. It also increased the number of soybean pods, resulting in an average increase of 23% in soybean yields across the three regions. The results of this study suggest that the newly developed deep fertilization device can efficiently and rapidly inject fertilizer into the soil at depths of 25 to 30 cm. This fertilizer deep placement strategy will be an effective fertilizer application method used to increase rice and soybean yields, in addition to reducing nitrogen fertilizer use, under conventional rice and soybean cultivation conditions.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.564-569
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• 2015

In highland crop fields, saprolite is piled up approximately every three years as deep much as 20 to 30 cm because farmers expect that adding new materials may improve productivity and mitigate hazards by continuous cultivation of a single crop. Piling saprolite, however, has been reported to induce poor soil drainage. Effects of deep ploughing with a spading machine and an excavator were studied in sites located in Daekwanryeong-myeon, Pyeongchang in which soil physical properties were deteriorated by piled saprolite. The soil made of parent material of Samgag series was piled up over surface soil of Haggog series naturally developed in the area. Carrot was cultivated in the field. Productivity and growth factors of carrot were compared among control and deep ploughing by a spading machine and an excavator. Effective soil depth extended to 60 cm or greater by 60 cm deep ploughing by an excavator or 50 cm deep ploughing by a spading machine. On the other hand, effective soil depth was within 50 cm at control plot. Productivity of carrot responded to amelioration of soil physical properties. The productivity was greater in deep ploughing treatments than that of control or 30 cm ploughing. It suggested that increased productivity by deep ploughing was mainly related to breaking plough pan which inhibited extension of rooting zone.

• 생물환경조절학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.130-134
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• 2010

본 연구는 전북 고창의 수박 시설 농기에서 '우리꿀'을 대상으로 토양의 이화학성, 생육 및 과실품질에 대한 정식 전 심경로타리 처리의 효과를 알아보고자 수행하였다. 정식 전에 비해 재배 및 수확 후 토양 pH 변화는 거의 없었으나 토양 EC는 크게 떨어졌다. 유기물 및 유효인산 함량은 두 처리 모두에서 증가하였는데, 유효인산의 누적 함량이 심경로타리 처리구에서 적었다. 치환성 양이온도 Mg을 제외하고는 모두 감소한 경향이었는데 심경로타리 처리구에서 K의 감소가 뚜렷하였다. 수박의 정식 후 27일째 생육 특성 중 일반로타리 처리구에 비해 심경로타리 처리구에서 초장, 10절까지의 줄기 길이, 엽폭에서 유의하게 길었고, 1번 및 2번화의착과 절위가 낮았다. 그리고 육안 관찰 시 식물체 위조 증상 정도이 적었다. 수확기에는 일반로타리 처리구에 비해 심경로타리 처리구에서 30절까지의 줄기 길이가 유의하게 길었고, 육안 관찰 시 잎의 황변 현상이 적었다. 수확된 과실의 길이, 직경, 과피경도, 그리고 무게는 심경로타리 처리구에서 유의하게 높았다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제65권6호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2023

In this study, We conduct a comparative study of deep learning-based classification of agricultural field attributes using Tagged Image File (TIF) and Enhanced Compression Wavelet (ECW) images. The goal is to interpret and classify the attributes of agricultural fields by analyzing the differences between these two image formats. "FarmMap," initiated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs in 2014, serves as the first digital map of agricultural land in South Korea. It comprises attributes such as paddy, field, orchard, agricultural facility and ginseng cultivation areas. For the purpose of comparing deep learning-based agricultural attribute classification, we consider the location and class information of objects, as well as the attribute information of FarmMap. We utilize the ResNet-50 instance segmentation model, which is suitable for this task, to conduct simulated experiments. The comparison of agricultural attribute classification between the two images is measured in terms of accuracy. The experimental results indicate that the accuracy of TIF images is 90.44%, while that of ECW images is 91.72%. The ECW image model demonstrates approximately 1.28% higher accuracy. However, statistical validation, specifically Wilcoxon rank-sum tests, did not reveal a significant difference in accuracy between the two images.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.178-187
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• 1991

In order to provide fundamental data for the achievement of safe environmental condition, investigation of the actual state of the nutriculture practices in Korea was carried out. The result obtained are summarized as follows. 1. Cultivation area of nutriculture was 6 ha and culture types included deep flow technique(43%), nutrient film technique(45%), gravel culture(6%), chaff charcoal culture(3%) and rockwool culture(3%). 2. Greenhouses were mostly made of pentite pipe frames and covered by polyethylene film, and culture beds were handy combination of cement blocks, concrete and styrofoam, which were not standard products. 3. Development of nutriculture system appropriate to our actual circumstances and improvement of establishments are required. 4. Since there was not farmhouse that performs the environmental measurement and environmental conditions of cultivation were very limited. sensor applied environmental control technology of nutriculture should be developed.

• 미국학
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.159-191
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• 2021

"In the United States, you almost never say that virtue is beautiful," Alexis de Tocqueville reports in Democracy in America. Yet Ralph Waldo Emerson, arguably the most prominent American moralist in the nineteenth century, stands as an exception to Tocqueville's generalization. This article explores Emerson's perspective on beauty in the moral education of democratic citizens. His interest in this aesthetic category partly stemmed from his deep concern about both the moral inaction and interest politics in commercial culture. As a response to the crisis, Emerson conceived ethical beauty as a key promoter of public-minded democratic citizenship as exemplified by the American abolitionists, and his own practice as a poetic moralist further illustrates this belief. Emerson's aesthetic approach to the cultivation of public virtue in liberal democracy offers a meaningful comparison to contemporary neo-Tocquevillian emphasis on the language of interest or duty.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.31-44
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• 2024

Purpose The purpose of this study is to use climate data to find the algorithm with the highest Hallabong production prediction ability and to predict future Hallabong production in areas where Hallabong cultivation is expected to be possible. Design/methodology/approach The research is conducted in two stages. In the first step, find the algorithm with the highest predictive power among XGBoost, Random Forest, SVM, and LSTM methodologies. In the second stage, the algorithm found in the first stage is applied to predict future Hallabong production in three regions where Hallabong production is expected to be possible. Findings As with many prediction studies, we found that XGBoost showed the highest prediction power. Even in areas where Hallabong production is expected to be possible, Hallabong production was predicted to be highest in Hongcheon, Gangwon-do, which has the highest latitude.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제66권2호
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• pp.105-111
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• 2021

해마다, 강한 바람을 동반한 태풍 및 집중호우로 인해 벼도복이 발생하고 있으며, 이삭이 여무는 등숙기에 도복으로 인한 수발아와 관련된 피해를 발생시키고 있다. 따라서,신속한 피해 대응을 위해 신속한 벼 도복 피해 면적 산정은 필수적이다. 벼 도복과 관련된 이미지들은 도복이 발생된 김제, 부안, 군산일대에서 드론을 이용하여 수집하였고, 수집한 이미지들을 128 × 128 픽셀로 분할하였다. 벼 도복을 예측하기 위해 이미지 기반 딥 러닝 모델인 CNN을 이용하였다. 분할한 이미지들은 도복 이미지(lodging)와 정상 이미지(non-lodging) 2가지로 라벨로 분류하였고, 자료들은 학습을 위한 training-set과 검증을 위한 vali-se을 8:2의 비율로 구분하였다. CNN의 층을 간단하게 구성하여, 3개의 optimizer (Adam, Rmsprop, and SGD)로 모델을 학습하였다. 벼 도복 면적 평가는 training-set과 vali-set에 포함되지 않은 자료를 이용하였으며, 이미지들을 methshape 프로그램으로 전체 농지로 결합하여 총 3개의 농지를 평가하였다. 도복 면적 추정은 필지 전체의 이미지를 모델의 학습 입력 크기(128 × 128)로 분할하여 학습된 CNN 모델로 각각 예측한 후, 전체 분할 이미지 개수 대비 도복 이미지 개수의 비율을 전체 농지의 면적에 곱하여 산정하였다. training-set과 vali-set에 대한 학습 결과, 3개의 optimizer 모두 학습이 진행됨에 따라 정확도가 높아졌으며, 0.919 이상의 높은 정확도를 보였다. 평가를 위한 3개의 농지에 대한 결과는 모든 optimizer에서 높은 정확도를 보였으며, Adam이 가장 높은 정확도를 보였다(RMSE: 52.80 m², NRMSE: 2.73%). 따라서 딥 러닝을 이용하여 신속하게 벼 도복 면적을 추정할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.579-582
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• 2009

"미홍"은 "단홍적축면"과 "뚝섬적축면"을 교배하여 육성한 추대가 늦고, 엽색이 매우진한 적축면 잎상추 품종이다. 기존 같은 type의 품종보다 추대가 늦은 중만생 품종이며, 적색발현이 좋아, 안토시안닌 함량이 28.9 mg/100 g으로 "뚝섬적축면"보다 10배이상 많았으며 수확 후 $4^{\circ}C$에서 3주간 이상 저장이 가능하였다. 재배적기는 연중재배가 가능하나 시험재배 결과 평난지에서는 봄, 가을에 고랭지에서는 여름재배가 가능하며, 노지 및 비가림하우스 등 어느 곳에서나 재배가 가능한 품종이다. 수확 가능한 엽수는 주당 54매이며, 주중은 291 g으로 상품수량성은 17.0 ton/ha로 "뚝섬적축면"보다 2% 증수되었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.172-192
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• 1983

Light environment and growth of Panax ginseng In habitat and cultivation under natural shade were renewed. Grower's experiences on ginseng stand In relation to light environment were assessed. Change of shading method and grower's concepts on light requirement of ginseng plant in Korea, Manchuria and Japan was counted. Growth of wild ginseng was better under rich light. Optimum crown density index appeared to be 0.7 In natural habitat and 0.4 to 0.7 for the cultivation in forest. Change of light Intensity in forest was greatest in May and reached near to constant value (from 40% to 3% for broad leaf deciduous forest and loom 4% to 2% for pine forest). Insufficient light condition induced long and thin stem, poor flowering and seed bearing, and sequent dormancy. Relation between light and ginseng strand was not clear but light Interception with cool weather was effective. Topography and orientation of bed have been deeply considered for light environment. Panel or bark of won were used for shading in deep forest manly In Manchuria while reed blind and straw thatch were used in Korea. Kinds and number of shades material and seasonal or daily schedule have been simplified probably by labor pressure due to eulargement of plantation. Post height has been greater while width of roof, bed and ditch has changed lisle. Scientific survey in the past omitted important light control methods (complete light hardening etc) which has been practiced in specific areas. The concept and technique of light control in the past in Korea were delicate and intensive including the control of temperature and moisture. For the application of old concept in modem cultivation precise Investigation of the technique including the measurement of light, temperature and moisture is needed.