• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.183-200
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• 2016

This study examined the mediating effect of emotional labor in the relations between teachers' emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction of novice early childhood teachers. The sample consisted of 248 novice early childhood teachers in Gyeonggi Province. The structural equation modeling was conducted using AMOS to test the fit of a hypothesized structural model. The mediating effect of emotional labor was verified by the bootstrapping approach. The results were as follows: First, teacher-child interaction was positively associated with teachers' emotional intelligence and deep acting in emotional labor was negatively associated with surface acting in emotional labor. Next, surface acting in emotional labor had a mediating effect on the relations between emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction. Finally, deep acting of emotional labor had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between emotional intelligence and teacher-child interaction. Based on these findings, ways to enhance teachers' emotional intelligence in relation to the novice teachers' emotional characteristics, and to improve recognition on emotional labor were discussed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.441-446
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• 2018

Background: The emotional labor performed by organization members affects psychological well-being at the individual level, which consequently affects results at the organizational level. Moreover, despite evidence that the customer orientation and service level of nurses greatly affect hospital management, studies that comprehensively analyze emotional labor, work burnout, and work engagement related to customer orientation and service level are lacking. This study investigated relationships and paths by designing a model of the effect of emotional labor performed by nurses on the level of service delivery and customer orientation. Methods: This survey-based study was based on a path analysis designed to verify a hypothesized model involving emotional labor performed by nurses, level of service delivery, customer orientation, work engagement, and burnout. Questionnaires were distributed to 378 nurses in general hospitals with more than 500 beds located in Seoul, Republic of Korea, between March 25 and April 8, 2013. Results: The results showed that deep acting and work engagement had direct and indirect effects on increasing the level of service delivery and customer orientation of nurses. However, surface acting had an indirect effect on reducing the level of service delivery and customer orientation. Conclusion: It would be more effective to develop interventions to enhance deep acting and work engagement than to attempt to reduce surface acting and work burnout in clinical nursing settings.

• 감성과학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.139-156
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• 2022

This study aimed to examine the cause and consequence of emotional labor strategies based on the emotional labor framework. To investigate the boundary condition of the current research model, the study proposed that job autonomy would moderate the effects of emotional labor on employees' well-being. To achieve the purpose of the study, it was first tested whether neuroticism and extroversion of employees predicted the focal outcomes (i.e., burnout and work engagement) via distinct emotional labor strategies. Second, the moderation effects of job autonomy were tested for each emotional labor strategy in predicting the focal outcomes. Third, the conditional indirect effects of job autonomy on the mediation process were examined. The results revealed that surface acting partially mediated the relationship between neuroticism and burnout, whereas deep acting fully mediated the relationship between extraversion and work engagement. Regarding the moderating effects of job autonomy, it significantly moderated the relationship between surface acting and burnout and between deep acting and work engagement. In addition, from the moderated mediation effects, the conditional indirect effects of job autonomy were significant. Finally, theoretical and practical implications are discussed and limitations and future research directions were suggested.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권9호
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• pp.167-176
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• 2017

본 연구는 기존의 외부고객 대상의 정서노동 연구를 내부고객으로 확장하여 상사에 대한 정서노동(표면행동, 내면행동)이 직무탈진과 직무열의에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보았다. 또한 정서노동과 직무태도(직무탈진, 직무열의)의 관계에서 조직구성원들이 주도적으로 직무요구는 최소화하고 직무자원을 극대화하는 변인인 직무의미창조(Job Crafting)의 조절효과 여부를 확인하였다. 이를 위해 국내 다양한 직종에 종사하는 301명을 대상으로 온라인 설문조사를 실시하였다. 연구결과, 표면행동은 직무탈진에 정적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며 내면행동은 직무탈진에 부적인 유의한 영향을, 직무열의에는 정적인 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 정서노동의 부정적 효과를 감소시키고 긍정적 효과를 강화시키는 조절변인을 탐색하기 위해 개인차원 변인인 직무의미창조(Job Crafting)의 조절효과를 위계적 회귀분석을 통해 검증하였다. 그 결과 표면행동이 직무열의에 미치는 부정적 영향을 직무의미창조가 완화시키는 것으로 나타났다. 직무의미창조가 개인차원의 자원이라는 점에서, 본 연구결과는 직무 스트레스를 주도적으로 완화시키고자 하는 개인차원의 다양한 노력들도 정서노동의 부정적 효과를 완화시킬 수 있다는 것을 시사함을 알 수 있다. 이를 바탕으로 본 연구의 다양한 시사점과 제한점, 그리고 향후 연구방향을 제안하였다.

• 한국사회복지학
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.137-163
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• 2013

본 연구는 사회복지사를 대상으로 그들의 감성노동이 비과업행동(조직시민행동, 반생산적 행동)에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 감성노동에 관한 기존의 연구들은 감성노동이 서비스 종사자들의 과업행동 및 성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다는 연구와 부정적인 영향을 미친다는 연구가 혼재되어 있다. 본 연구는 Hochschild가 정의한 감성노동의 두 가지 관리행위인 내면행위와 표면행위를 중심으로 사회복지사의 내면행위는 그들의 비과업행동에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 사회복지사의 표면행위는 그들의 비과업행동에 부정적인 영향을 미치게 될 것이라는 가설을 세우고 이를 실증하였다. 또한 사회복지사의 표면행위가 그들의 비과업행동에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 과정에서는 사회복지사의 감정부조화가 매개역할을 하는지, 그리고 직속상사의 감성적 리더십이 표면행위의 부정적인 효과를 감소시키도록 조절하는지를 살펴보았다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.449-457
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• 2016

본 연구는 스키리조트 종사자가 지각하는 감정노동과 직무소진이 서비스 제공수준에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 검증하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 국내 스키리조트에 근무하는 종사자 215명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 감정노동은 표면행위와 내면행위의 2개 하위요인, 직무소진은 단일요인, 서비스 제공수준은 유형성, 응대성, 노력의지의 3개 하위요인으로 구성되었다. 또한 자료처리는 빈도분석, 확인적요인분석, 신뢰도분석, 상관관계분석, 회귀분석을 실시하여 다음과 같은 연구결론을 얻었다. 첫째, 스키리조트 종사자가 지각하는 감정노동 중 표면행위는 직무소진에 긍정적인 영향을 미치고, 내면행위는 직무소진에 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 둘째, 스키리조트 종사자가 지각하는 감정노동 중 표면행위는 서비스 제공수준의 유형성, 응대성에 긍정적인 영향을 미치며, 내면행위는 서비스 제공수준의 유형성, 응대성, 노력의지에 긍정적인 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 스키리조트 종사자가 지각하는 직무소진은 서비스 제공수준의 유형성, 응대성, 노력의지에 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 본 연구에서는 스키리조트와 같이 스포츠 서비스조직에 근무하는 종사자가 경험하는 감정노동과 결과 변수들간의 관계를 바탕으로 시사점과 제한점을 제시하였다.

• 동아시아경상학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

Purpose - The current study analyzes effects of hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction and customer orientation. Research design and methodology - In order to achieve the current study's goal, sample was extracted targeting cooks working in 5-stars hotels located in Seoul considering spatial and time limitation. Method of research was direct research method with survey. Survey was conducted from April 1st, 2018 to April 20, 2018 (approximately 20 days). Total of 300 surveys were distributed to cooks working in 5-stars hotels located in Seoul, and among those 250 surveys were returned. Among returned 250 surveys, 246 surveys. Results - First, in order to test H1, effect of hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction (satisfaction on superior and coworker) was analyzed. Second, in order to test H2, effect on hotel restaurant cook's emotional labor on job satisfaction (satisfaction on compensation and promotion) was analyzed. Third, satisfaction on superior and coworker had statistically significantly positive effect on customer orientation, while satisfaction on compensation and promotion did not have statistically significant effect. Conclusions - First, deep acting had statistically significantly positive effect on job satisfaction (satisfaction on superior and coworker), while surface acting did not have statistically significant effect. Second, both deep and surface acting had statistically significantly positive effect on job satisfaction (satisfaction on compensation and promotion). Third, satisfaction on superior and coworker had statistically significantly positive effect on customer orientation, while satisfaction on compensation and promotion did not have statistically significant effect.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.534-548
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• 2012

This study investigates the emotional labor of fast fashion sales personnel using the qualitative research method. The research was performed through an in-depth interview with 10 sales personnel (managers, coordinators, head cashiers, and sales associates) who experienced fast fashion brands from July to October in 2011. The results of this study provide that fast fashion brands do have specific feeling rules and display behavior. Even though the sales personnel spend an extremely short time (about 1 minute) to serve customers, most of them experience exhaustion, fatigue, burnout and self-alienation because of emotional dissonance. Sales personnel do deep-acting and surface acting simultaneously and interviewees who have longer and more sales experience express less emotional dissonance. To reduce the negative results of emotional labor, the company plays an important role through the organizational culture; in addition, deep-acting could be recommended for a beginner until they are comfortable with sales. The results of this study provide the elements of emotional labor in a fast fashion and practical suggestions for store operation and sales personnel training.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2006

In this study, the dynamic response of the umbilical cable in a deep-water unmanned underwater vehicle system was analyzed. In order to analyze the forces acting on the cable, the launcher and umbilical cable were modeled by the simple 1-D mass-spring system. Damping and dynamic analysis was carried out by a direct time integration scheme using the $Newmark-{\beta}$ method with inverse iteration procedure, considering the nonlinear drag forces acting on the launcher. The obtained results of the present study can be used for the design of connecting the structure of the launcher and cable of the UUV system.

• 대한조선학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.17-20
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• 1980

The shearing forces and bending moments acting on the tanker model[1] of $C_B$ 0.82 in regular oblique waves of shallow water are investigated by numerical calculations. The new strip method was adopted. It is concluded that in the shallow water shearing forces and the bending moments acting on the tanker model are higher than those of deep water waves by the present numerical investigations. The wave bending moment at the midship section is roughly twice of deep water value in the shallow of H/T less than 2. in this calculation.