• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.321.1-321
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• 2002

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.91-97
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• 2010

As nuclear power plants are getting older, interests on a decontaminating process are increasingly attracting more attention. Chemical decontamination is crucial to lower the production of radioactive waste and radiation dose rate. Prior to this, oxidizers and detergents for target material should be chosen so as to decontaminate major systems and components of a nuclear power plant chemically. In order to decontaminate it properly, it is crucial to have information about the chemical composition and crystalline structure of CRUD, analyzing its samples from the target or the decontamination system with components. However, there is no program which enables the extraction of samples directly from the object or the decontamination system with components carrying genuine radioactivity. Therefore, it is limited to samples from corrosion products carrying partial radioactivity as a resource. The composition of CRUD varies considerably depending on refueling cycle because it is closely related to the constituent of basic material. After settling a target, it is crucial to analyze and obtain analytical information about CRUD as a decontamination target. In this paper, various technologies for manufacturing simulated CRUD are introduced as alternatives to unattained samples. A metal oxide or metal hydroxide was used to synthesize simulated cruds having chemical compositions and crystalline stricture similar to the actual one by 12 different methods. CRUD 4(metal oxides in the autoclave vessel) and CRUD 10(metal oxides in a crucible after hydrazing pretreatment)were chosen as the best method for Type 1 and Type 2.respectively. As these CRUD can be synthesized easily without using any specialized equipment or reagents in a short time and in large quantities, they are expected to stimulate the development of decontaminating agents and processes.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.101-108
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• 2008

This study attempted to develop the technology by gaseous ozone for decontaminating building affected by a model of biological weapon agent(Bacillus subtilis spores) instead of Bacillus anthracis spore. The use of ozone is attractive method from a practical point of view of decontamination procedure since it has strong oxidation power but no residue after application. We examined the disinfection efficiency of gaseous ozone to Bacillus subtilis spores which suspension was sprayed on different material surfaces and dried. Three different types of gaseous ozone was applied : dry ozone, dry ozone with humidified air, and water bubbled wet ozone. Dry ozone(1500ppm) failed to achieve any significant inactivation for 2hrs. However, six log reduction of B. subtilis spore was achieved within 30min by 1500ppm of water bubbled wet ozone. This result shows the noticeable inactivation efficiency by gaseous ozone compared with previous studies. Good performance by wet ozone was also found for military material surface.(i.e. : gas mask hood, protective garments, army peinted metal surface).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.8
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• pp.3916-3924
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to provide the students with the proper hand washing knowledge after examining their attitude and performance of health science college students. Data were collected from 425 students at the college in G metropolitan city by using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed into descriptive statistics, ANOVA and pearson correlation coefficient with SPSS/WIN18.0. The average frequency and the average time of hand washing were 8.7 times a day and 18.5 sec respectively. The average frequency of hand washing education was 2.4 times. Soap bar was most frequently used as a hands detergent and paper towel as a dry method.. The Frequency and the time(sec) of hand washing increased significantly in the following provisions: above 6 times hand washing education, practical education, decontaminating agent soap, and use of paper towel. Knowledge, attitude and performance on hand washing increased significantly in the following variable : women, practice at upper grade general hospital, above 11 times hand washing a day, above 16secs hand washing, above 6 times hand washing education, practical education, decontaminating agent soap, and use of paper towel. Finally, there was significantly difference among the knowledge, attitude, and performance of hand washing. The result of this study indicates a necessity for developing education programs consistently to improve knowledge, attitude, and performance of hand washing.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.165-179
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• 2002

Purpose: This descriptive study was done to evaluate the attitude and practice of hand-washing by student nurses. Method: The subjects of the study were 463 senior and junior undergraduate student nurses and RN-BSN students. The questionnaire was developed by the researchers Data were collected from Oct. 16 to Dec. 20. 2001. and analysed by SPSS/WIN. General characteristics. attitude and practice were analyzed by frequency and percentage and differences in attitude and practice according to grade and practice setting were analyzed with $x^2$ test, t-test or ANOVA. Result: 1) The mean frequency of hand-washing was 6.63. Senior students washed more frequently than junior students. 2) The reasons for non-compliance were 'not being accustomed', 'forgetting', and 'not accessible'. 3) The mean time for hand-washing was 23.79 sec., less than the stated appropriate time of 42 18 sec. 4) 90% of the students washed their hands 'after contacting excretions and contaminated items' and few washed 'before giving care to the client'. 5) Most students washed hands rotationally rubbing with soap and water. 6) While washing, they removed their rings more often than their watches. 7) Soap bar (52.8%) and paper towel (69.6%) were most frequently used as decontaminating agent and drying method, but detergent solution (74.2%) and paper towels (60%) were considered as the most appropriate agent and method. 8) Hand-washing was perceived important generally 'to protect from cross-infection'. 'to protect one-self' and 'the most cost effective'. 9) All students responded nurses should practice 'hand-washing.'