• 로봇학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

This paper presents an optimal path planning strategy for aerial searching and surveying of a user-designated area using multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The method is designed to deal with a single unseparated polygonal area, regardless of polygonal convexity. By defining the search area into a set of grids, the algorithm enables UAVs to completely search without leaving unsearched space. The presented strategy consists of two main algorithmic steps: cellular decomposition and path planning stages. The cellular decomposition method divides the area to designate a conflict-free subsearch-space to an individual UAV, while accounting the assigned flight velocity, take-off and landing positions. Then, the path planning strategy forms paths based on every point located in end of each grid row. The first waypoint is chosen as the closest point from the vehicle-starting position, and it recursively updates the nearest endpoint set to generate the shortest path. The path planning policy produces four path candidates by alternating the starting point (left or right edge), and the travel direction (vertical or horizontal). The optimal-selection policy is enforced to maximize the search efficiency, which is time dependent; the policy imposes the total path-length and turning number criteria per candidate. The results demonstrate that the proposed cellular decomposition method improves the search-time efficiency. In addition, the candidate selection enhances the algorithmic efficacy toward further mission time-duration reduction. The method shows robustness against both convex and non-convex shaped search area.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.619-630
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• 2005

A two-frame PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry) technique is used to investigate the wake characteristics behind a marine propeller with 4 blades at high Reynolds number. For each of 9 different blade phases from $ 0^{\circ} $ to $ 80^{\circ} $, one hundred and fifty instantaneous velocity fields are measured. They are ensemble averaged to study the spatial evolution of the propeller wake in the region ranging from the trailing edge to one propeller diameter (D) downstream location. The phase-averaged mean velocity shows that the trailing vorticity is related to radial velocity jump, and the viscous wake is affected by boundary layers developed on the blade surfaces and centrifugal force. Both Galilean decomposition method and vortex identification method using swirling strength calculation are very useful for the study of vortex behaviors En the propeller wake legion. The slipstream contraction occurs in the near-wake region up to about X/D : 0.53 downstream. Thereafter, unstable oscillation occurs because of the reduction of interaction between the tip vortex and the wake sheet behind the maximum contraction point.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.70.1-70.1
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• 2021

We examine the HI gas kinematics and distributions of galaxy pairs in group or cluster environments from high-resolution Australian Square Kilometer Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) WALLABY pilot observations. We use 32 well-resolved close pair galaxies from the Hydra, Norma, and NGC 4636, two clusters and a group of which are identified by their spectroscopy information and additional visual inspection. We perform profile decomposition of HI velocity profiles of the galaxies using a new tool, BAYGAUD which allows us to separate a line-of-sight velocity profile into an optimal number of Gaussian components based on Bayesian MCMC techniques. Then, we construct super profiles via stacking of individual HI velocity profiles after aligning their central velocities. We fit a model which consists of double Gaussian components to the super profiles, and classify them as kinematically cold and warm HI gas components with respect to their velocity dispersions, narrower or wider 𝜎, respectively. The kinematically cold HI gas reservoir (M_cold/M_HI) of the paired galaxies is found to be relatively higher than that of unpaired control samples in the clusters and the group, showing a positive correlation with the HI mass in general. Additionally, we quantify the gravitational instability of the HI gas disk of the sample galaxies using their Toomre Q parameters and HI morphological disturbances. While no significant difference is found for the Q parameter values between the paired and unpaired galaxies, the paired galaxies tend to have larger HI asymmetry values which are derived using their moment0 map compared to those of the non-paired control sample galaxies in the distribution.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2011

20 L 구형 폭발시험장치와 시차주사열량계(DSC)를 사용하여 반응성 유기물 분진의 폭발 및 열분해 특성을 실험적으로 조사하였다. 그 결과 97 % Benzoyl peroxide(BPO), Phthalic anhydride(PA), 1-Hydroxybenzotri azol(HBT)의 폭발하한은 매우 낮은 농도인 10~15 g/$m^3$의 범위로 측정되어 착화위험성이 높은 것으로 나타났다. HBT, PA 및 97 % BPO의 폭발지수는 각각 251, 146, 80 [bar m/s]로서, HBT는 폭발등급 2에 해당한다. 또한 밀폐계 분진폭발의 화염전파 특성을 추정하기 위하여 용기면에의 화염도달시간과 폭발압력을 고려하여 화염전파속도를 예측하였다. 97 % BPO 및 HBT의 열분해 개시온도와 발열량은 각각 $107^{\circ}C$(1025 J/g), $214^{\circ}C$(1666 J/g)로 나타났는데, 이와같이 낮은 열분해 온도와 큰 발열량이 폭발특성에 영향을 주는 것으로 판단된다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.9-26
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• 1997

Stokes drift(SD) and Lagrangian discharge(LD) are important factors for analysis of flushing time, tidal exchange, solute transport and pollutant dispersion. The factors should be calculated using the approached method to flow phenomena. The aim of this paper re-examines the previous procedures for computing the SD and LD, and is to propose the new method approached to stratified flow field in the cross-section of coastal region, e.g. Masan Bay. The intensity of velocity near the bottom boundary layer(BBL) depends on the sea-bed irregularity in the coastal estuaries. So we calculated the depth mean velocity(DMV) considering that of BBL omitted in Kjerfve's calculation method. It revealed that BBL effect resulting in application of the bay acts largely on DMV in half more among 1l stations. The new expression of SD and LD per unit width in the cross-section using the developed DMV and proposed decomposition procedure of current were derived as follow : $$Q=u_0+\frac{1}{2}H_1{U_1cos(\varphi_h-\varphi_u)+U_3cos(\varphi_h-\varphi{ud})} LD ED SD$(Q_{skim}+Q_{sk2}) The third term, $Q_{sk2}$, on the right-hand of the equation is showed newly and arise from vertical oscillatory shear. According to the results applied in 3 cross-sections including 11 stations of the bay, the volume difference between proposed and previous SD was founded to be almost 2 times more at some stations. But their mean transport volumes over all stations are 18% less than the previous SD. Among two terms of SD, the flux of second term, $Q_{skim}$, is larger than third term, $Q_{sk2}$, in the main channel of cross-section, so that $Q_{skim}$ has a strong dependence on the tidal pumping, whereas third term is larger than second in the marginal channel. It means that $Q_{sk2}$ has trapping or shear effect more than tidal pumping phenomena. Maximum range of the fluctuation in LD is 40% as compared with the previous equations, but mean range of it is showed 11% at all stations, namely, small change. It mean that two components of SD interact as compensating flow. Therefore, the computation of SD and LD depend on decomposition procedure of velocity component in obtaining the volume transport of temporal and spacial flow through channels. The calculation of SD and LD proposed here can separate the shear effect from the previous SD component, so can be applied to non-uniform flow condition of cross-section, namely, baroclinic flow field.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2008년도 제30회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.145-148
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• 2008

50 Newton 진공 추력 레벨을 가지는 과산화수소 단일추진제 추력기를 개발하였다. 축소형 추력기를 제작하여 제조한 촉매의 추진제 분해 성능을 평가하였다. 축소형 추력기의 성능평가 결과로부터 50 Newton 추력을 위한 추진제 유량을 완전히 촉매 분해시키기 위해 필요한 반응기를 설계하였다. 스케일 업을 통해 제작된 추력기는 34.8 g/s의 추진제 유량에서 98%의 특성속도 효율을, 대기압 조건에서 42 Newton의 추력, 123 sec의 비추력 결과를 보임으로써 반응기 스케일 업 과정이 적절함을 확인하였다.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.24-33
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• 2008

진공 작동 조건에서 50 Newton 추력 레벨을 가지는 과산화수소 단일추진제 추력기를 개발하였다. 축소형 추력기를 제작하여 제조한 촉매의 추진제 분해 성능을 평가하였다. 축소형 추력기의 성능 평가 결과로부터 50 Newton 추력을 위한 추진제 유량을 완전히 촉매 분해시키기 위해 필요한 반응기를 설계하였다. 스케일 업을 통해 제작된 추력기는 34.8 g/s의 추진제 유량에서 98%의 특성속도 효율을, 대기압 조건에서 42 Newton의 추력, 123 sec의 비추력 결과를 보임으로써 반응기 스케일 업 과정이 적절함을 확인하였다.

• 천문학회보
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.60.3-61
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• 2020

We perform disk-halo decomposition of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) using a novel HI velocity field extraction method, aimed at better deriving its HI kinematics and thus the dark matter density profile. For this, we use two newly developed galaxy kinematic analysis tools, BAYGAUD and 2DBAT which have been used for the kinematic analysis of resolved galaxies from Australian Square Kilometre Array (ASKAP) observations like WALLABY which is an all-sky HI galaxy survey in southern sky. By applying BAYGAUD to the combined HI data cube of the LMC taken with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and Parkes radio telescopes, we decompose all the line-of-sight velocity profiles into an optimal number of Gaussian components based on Bayesian MCMC techniques. From this, we disentangle turbulent non-circular gas motions from the overall rotation of the galaxy. We then derive the rotation curve of the LMC by applying 2DBAT to the separated circular motions. The rotation curve reflecting the total kinematics of the LMC, dark and baryonic matters is then be combined with the mass models of baryons, mainly stellar and gaseous components in order to examine the dark matter distribution. Here, we present the analysis of the extracted HI gas maps, rotation curve, and J, H and K-band surface photometry of the LMC.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SD
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.20-25
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 $LiNbO_3$의 선택적 영역을 도메인 반전을 수행하였으며, 이를 대역변조기 및 SSB 광변조기 제작에 응용하였다. 인가전압에 대한 회로적인 응답전류를 분석 및 고려함으로써 도메인 벽의 이동속도를 정확히 제어할 수 있었다. 과도한 도메인의 벽 이동속도에 의한 도메인 반전 형상을 확인하였고, 또한 도메인 벽의 진행방향에 따라 그 속도의 차이가 발생함을 알 수 있었다. 제작된 대역변조기는 30.3 GHz를 중심주파수로 하여 5.1GHz의 3dB 대역폭을 보였고. SSB 광변조기의 변조 스펙트럼으로부터 19dBm의 5.8GHz RF 입력신호에 대해 USB가 LSB에 비해 33dB정도 억제됨을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권10호
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• pp.1417-1426
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• 2001

Turbulent flow characteristics in the near wake of a square cylinder have been studied experimentally by using a Digital PIV method. Experiments are performed at the Reynolds numbers of 1600 and 3900 based on the free-stream velocity and the square height. The ensemble averaged turbulence statistics are acquired from 2030 realizations of instantaneous fluctuating velocity field after the conventional Reynolds decomposition. The differences in turbulent intensity and Reynolds shear stress profiles fur both oases indicate that the effect of Reynolds number seems to be descernible mainly due to the occurrence of transition in the separated shear layer. Because of the periodic nature of vortex shedding process, transverse velocity fluctuations contribute dominantly , to turbulent kinetic energy distribution. A comparison with previous LDV data obtained at much higher Reynolds number shows a fairly good agreement each other. It turns out that the effect of Reynolds number diminishes as increasing Reynolds number, which is a well-known feature of a sharp-edged bluff body wake. The streamwise variation of turbulence intensities are compared with those from a circular cylinder along the centerline at the same Reynolds number. The overall magnitudes and the decay rates of turbulence intensities are quite similar, but some differences are noticeble especially in the transverse intensity variation.