• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2011

To visualize a strategic plan including resource allocations and standardization schedules, it is important to set priorities among information and communication technologies(ICTs) standardization work areas(SWAs). This ranking process involves decision making process with multiple criteria which results a complex selection problem. In this study, analytic hierarchy process(AHP) is employed and applied to solve this decision making problem. The processes and results are illustrated for an effective strategic plan in standardization decision processes.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1996

This study was undertaken to evaluate the automatic decision-making on the grading of 6-year-old fresh ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) by an image analyzer. The best input method for the 6-year-old fresh ginseng was under condition of a low resolution (128u 128 pixel) and illumination direction from bottom to up (light box). It was possible to identify the main root, lateral root, and rhizome of fresh ginseng by application of OPEN process in a function of an image analyzer. Finally, we developed the grade decision-making programs, GinP-1. The fitness rates for the fresh ginseng standards which were classified by experts were 94.6, 80.6, 81.5, and 100.0% for 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grade of fresh ginseng, respectively, and the total time of decision-making was about 4.3 seconds per one root. The decision-making time was reduced to 0.8 seconds per one root by enhancemeat of the Image analyzer, which was tested by the technical company of the image analyzer,'Carl Zeiss (Germany). As a result of this study, the automatic decision-making on the grade of fresh gin send by image analyzer seems to have high possibility.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.25-42
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• 2019

The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of wives' economic contributions and sex-role attitudes on couples' decision-making for use in family education and to improve stable couple relationships. This study targeted 286 married women who have a child or children. The main results of this study indicate that almost half of the participants showed that their couple decision-making, economic resource contributions and sex-role attitudes were husband-dominated. Additionally, the participants' most modern sex-role attitudes were toward gender stereotypes, though the most conservative attitudes were toward women and men's household lives. The variables that distinguished between husband-dominated and equality couples were age, education level, spouse's average income and resource evaluation; related, age, education level, spouse's average income, contribution toward household management and the occupational life of the woman were the variables that distinguished between husband-dominated and wife-dominated couples. This study also revealed the variables that affect couples' decision- making, demonstrating the necessity of considering several variables in the approach to the decision-making process of individual couples.

• Journal of the military operations research society of Korea
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.18-34
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• 1990

In light of the recent developments of transitory nature, it is likely that national defense decision-making will be more difficult to make for years to come. In other words, sudden changes in security environment would call into question the basic assumptions on which we have built our national defense planning and increase the number of the uncertain factors in the decision-making process; the subdivision and ramification of national defense management would increase the factors for decision-making and complicate even further the mutual interactions among these factors; the accelerated pace of sophistication and diversification of weapon systems and military technology would increase the risk of failure and system costs geometrically; and the reduced level of acceptance among the people on the sanctification of national defense in proportion to the rapid progress toward a more democratic and industrial society would engender an increased criticism or checking role by the National Assembly or by the mass media. As the changes in national defense environment and conditions create an innumerable number of new tasks, this paper intends to suggest a few core policy measures to improve the quality of national defense decision-making. More specifically, it proposes to 1) eradicate entirely the bureaucratic behavior and tendencies; 2) utilize actively the brain staff for quality assurance of decision-making; 3) and introduce and apply as a whole set, a total system, or an incorporated pack age the PPBEES(Planning-Programming-Budgeting-Executing-Evaluating-System)/LCMM (Life-Cycle Management Model for System Acquision), the OR/SA(Operations Research/Systems Analysis), and DMIS (Defense Management Information System).

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.7
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• pp.613-623
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• 2021

This study aims to identify the effect of blue ocean leadership style on strategic decision making and it also aims to examine the mediating role of organizational politic and moderating role of emotional intelligence in the Government Link Companies (GLCs) in Malaysia. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a research framework had been developed to establish a relationship among the variables of the study based on resource-based view theory. Questionnaire method was used to collect the data form middle to top level employees in GLCs. All the items in the study's variables were assessed using the 5-point Likert scale. A stratified random sampling technique was used to identify the sample for this study. Data was derived from 135 middle to top level employees, which were involved in decision making process. The data was analyzed using the SPSS and the SmartPLS 3.0 software. This supplemented the theory surrounding blue ocean leadership styles and strategic decision making. The study also identified several avenues for further research by using different research methods and examining the impact of strategic decision making in different contexts.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.12
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• pp.7143-7147
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• 2013

Background: The survival outcomes for women presenting with early breast cancer are influenced by treatment decisions. In Malaysia, survival outcome is generally poor due to late presentation. Of those who present early, many refuse treatment for complementary therapy. Objective: This study aimed to explore the decision making experiences of women with early breast cancer. Materials and Methods: A qualitative study using individual in-depth interviews was conducted to capture the decision making process of women with early breast cancer in Malaysia. We used purposive sampling to recruit women yet to undergo surgical treatment. A total of eight participants consented and were interviewed using a semi-structured interview guide. These women were recruited from a period of one week after they were informed of their diagnoses. A topic guide, based on the Ottawa decision support framework (ODSF), was used to facilitate the interviews, which were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using a thematic approach. Results: We identified four phases in the decision-making process of women with early breast cancer: discovery (pre-diagnosis); confirmatory ('receiving bad news'); deliberation; and decision (making a decision). These phases ranged from when women first discovered abnormalities in their breasts to them making final surgical treatment decisions. Information was vital in guiding these women. Support from family members, friends, healthcare professionals as well as survivors also has an influencing role. However, the final say on treatment decision was from themselves. Conclusions: The treatment decision for women with early breast cancer in Malaysia is a result of information they gather on their decision making journey. This journey starts with diagnosis. The women's spouses, friends, family members and healthcare professionals play different roles as information providers and supporters at different stages of treatment decisions. However, the final treatment decision is influenced mainly by women's own experiences, knowledge and understanding.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1418-1430
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• 2013

In this study, we investigated the writing process components and the writing strategies that appeared in the process of argumentative writing through students' think-alouds and semi-structured interviews. The subjects were 18 eighth graders. During argumentative writing, students were asked to decide whether they agreed with the given argument or not on the basis of information provided in the writing task. We categorized the writing process components and the writing strategies by analyzing the protocols of students' think-alouds and interviews, and evaluated the level of their written compositions. The analyses of the results indicated that the writing process components of argumentative writing showed different characteristics from those of problem solving writing in several components such as setting goals, organizing an outline, and evaluating content. In addition, the writing process component 'coordinating information' was newly discovered in argumentative writing. The writing strategies were categorized into four groups by the types of decision making (reflective/intuitive) and the existence of outline organization: Reflective decision making and outline organization, reflective decision making and no outline organization, intuitive decision making and outline organization, and intuitive decision making and no outline organization. Students with the reflective decision making and outline organization strategy were found to get the highest scores in written composition in terms of the relationship between the argument and its grounds, the rebuttal of the opposing argument, and the structure of the writing. Educational implications are discussed.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.107-122
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• 2000

The purposes of this study were to investigate the decision making process & preference for imported products and to suggest the systematic education programs for adolescent consumers. The data for this research were attained from 426 middle & high school students in Pohang. The data were analyzed by frequency distribution. mean standard deviation analysis of variance t-test, χ(sup)2-test and Pearson’s correlation with SAS program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. preference for imported products was significantly different according to sex, amount of pocket money, region. T.V advertising, friends and the attitude of their mothers. 2. Decision making process was composed of 4 dimensions in this study; information sources criteria for products problem experience of consumption and type of problem solving. In case of information sources there was a signifiant difference according to sex. grade level of parents’education. Criteria for products were significantly different according to sex grade. level of father’s education type of father’s job amount of pocket money and how they gained their pocket money. Consumption problem experience & type of problem solving were significantly different according to sex and grade. 3. Preference for imported products was significantly different according to criteria for products and consumption problem experience out of adecision making process.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.75-100
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze causation of Ecosystem service's trade-off(ES trade-off) and to establish baseline data for wise spatial planning and management. In order to understand why and how ES trade-off occurs, systems thinking and causal loops were employed. The causal loop of ecosystem service creation cycle includes profits quantification process, decision making process, spatial planning and management process, and ecosystem services creation process. The profits quantification process has a limitation that all ecosystem service categories were not included in profits quantification, because quantification method for cultural services is insufficient. These problems led to unequal discussion opportunity in decision making process. ES trade-off occurs through transition of ecosystem function in spatial scale and temporal scale. In spatial scale, land-use variation and resource-use variation contribute to change an ecosystem function for different ES category by spatial planning and management. In temporal scale, a change of an ecosystem function for different ES category is influenced by ecological succession, seasonal change and land cover variation, which are parameter from environmental features. This study presented that spatial planning and management should ecosystem service assessment in order to enhance balanced ecosystem services.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.307-321
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• 1997

In this paper, we consider the expert's ambiguity and the decision maker's fuzzy goals which are incorporated into multiobjective nonlinear programming problems in order to find a compensatory solution. The proposed method can be applied to all cases of multiobjective problems with fuzzy parameters since the interactive process with a decision maker is simple, various uncertainties involved in decision making are eliminated and all the objectives are well balanced. An illustrative numerical example for nonlinear programming problems with fuzzy parameters is demonstrated along with the corresponding computer output.