• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.228-228
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• 2022

최근 이상기후로 인해 단시간에 다량의 강우가 내리는 현상이 발생하고 있으며, 이는 급경사면의 지반을 포화시켜 붕괴에 이르게 하여 유수와 붕괴된 토사가 계곡을 따라 흐르는 토석류 재해로 이어진다. 토석류는 빠른 속도로 유하하여 인명과 주거 및 도로 등의 시설에 피해를 발생시킨다. 토석류를 해석하기 위한 연구방법에는 피해지역의 현장조사와 모형실험을 이용하는 방법, 수치모형을 이용하는 방법 등이 있다. 현장조사와 모형실험에는 고가의 장비와 많은 인력 및 비용이 소요되어 수치모형을 이용한 연구가 주로 이뤄지고 있으며, 피해지역의 건물, 도로 등의 시설물을 고려한 지형을 제작하여 토석류 수치모형에 적용한 연구도 진행되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 태풍 미탁의 영향으로 시간당 최대 110mm/hr, 누적강수량 487mm로 인해 토석류 재해가 발생한 강원도 삼척시 원덕읍을 연구대상지로 선정하였으며, 토석류 해석 시 침식과 퇴적작용을 고려할 수 있는 Hyper KANAKO 모형을 적용하였다. 토석류 수치모의 시 건물의 유무를 고려하여 지형자료를 구축하고 Hyper KANAKO 모형을 적용하였다. 건물이 미고려된 지형에서는 실제 토석류가 이동한 거리와 피해면적에 비해 과다하게 모의 되는 특징이 나타났으나, 건물이 고려된 지형에서는 실제 피해와 유사한 이동거리, 유동심 및 피해면적을 나타내었다. 이는 토석류 발생 위험지역에 대한 모의 시 건물을 고려함으로써 피해범위와 규모를 건물 미고려시 보다 정확하게 예측할 수 있어 토석류 저감계획 수립 및 피해지 분석시 활용성이 가능할 것으로 판단된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.65-73
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• 2001

Herein, a theoretical method based on the catenary model Is applied to obtain the tension and drag forces acting on the trash curtain which is deployed at river for the prevention of floating debris inflow into the ocean. Under the assumption that fluid drag is perpendicular to the trash curtain, the tension and drag forces are uniform along the trash curtain. As a numerical model, the trash curtain is moored both symmetrically and asymmetrically with respect to the flow. The tension and drag forces on the trash curtain are investigated according to the change of Bap ratio and inclined angle of the trash curtain. Numerical results show that tension parameter is increased as the gap ratio is increased. It is found that tension parameter is reduced as the inclined angle is increased in the case of asymmetric deployment. The numerical model is applied to the specific problem for the trash curtain (200m) deployed at the Tancheon on the Han river. The maximum inflow velocity that anchor system can endure is 2m/sec.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.177-183
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• 2008

In the study, we carried out a 3-D analysis to assess the influence of groundwater level changes on the slope stability, conducting a series of back-numerical analysis to delineate the critical line of the shear strength of the failure surface of a landslide, and a laboratory test to determine the geo-mechanical properties of soil samples. The analysis result shows that the shear strength determined by the laboratory test was distributed below the critical line of shear strength estimated by back-analysis. Differences between driving and resisting force were also analyzed in groundwater conditions of dry and saturation. It appeared that the stress gets greater towards the slope center of the landslide, and the debris mass moves downwards. According to the analysis, the factor of safety becomes 1 with the rise of foundwater level up to -0.85 m from the slope surface, while the slope tends to stay stable during dry seasons.

• 한국정보통신설비학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.262-267
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• 2008

Recently, landslides frequently occur on natural slope and/or man-made cut slope during periods of intense rainfall. With a rapidly increasing population on or near steep terrain, landslides have become one of the most significant natural hazards. Thus, it is necessary to protect people from landslides and to minimize the damage of houses, roads and other facilities. To accomplish this goal, many landslide monitoring systems have been developed throughout the world. In this paper, a simple landslide detection system that enables people to escape the endangered area is introduced. The system is focused on the debris flows which happen frequently during periods of intense rainfall. The system is based on the wireless sensor network (WSN) that is composed of wireless sensor nodes, gateway, and remote server system. Wireless sensor nodes and gateway are deployed by commercially available Microstrain G-Link products. Five wireless sensor nodes and one gateway are installed at the test slope for detecting ground movement. The acceleration and inclination data of test slope can be obtained, which provides a potential to detect landslide. In addition, thresholds to determine whether the test slope is stable or not are suggested by a series of numerical simulations, using geotechnical analysis software package. It is obtained that the alarm should be issued if the x-direction displacement of sensor node is greater than 20mili-meters and the inclination of sensor node is greater than 3 degrees. It is expected that the landslide detection method using wireless senor network can provide early warning where landslides are prone to occur.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.242-248
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• 2014

We have five soil series of pan soils in South Korea out of 391 series: Gangreung, Bugog, Yeongog, Jangweon, and Pogog. Productivity decreases in pan soils as pan horizons impede percolation and capillary rise of water and interrupt root extension. This study was performed to investigate pedogenic processes of pan soils mainly located in footslope and river terrace by analyzing physicochemical properties and soil micro-morphology. Korean pan soils belong to Alfisols, Ultisols, or Inceptisols and have udic or aquic soil moisture regime, mesic temperature regime, and mixed mineral substances. Texture of pan horizons selected for the present study was mainly silty clay loam with clay contents ranging from 26.3 to 45.3%. Bulk density of the pan horizons ranged from 1.4 to $2.1Mg\;m^{-3}$ and their soil structure were subangular or angular structure. In terms of micro-morphological structure, Bt horizon of Gangreung series was formed as platy and striated b-fabric structure possibly affected by uplift of coastal terrace following clay sedimentation by flood. Jangweon series showed micro-morphology of massive structure and crystallic b-fabric as macropores between coarse debris established by debris fall in slope were filled with silt-sized particles. The Bt horizons having massive structure and striated b-fabric in Yeongog, Pogog, and Bugog series implies that those horizons experienced horizontal mass flow after clay accumulation.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.56 no.2
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• pp.125-137
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• 2023

In marine environments, plastics have become more abundant due to increasing plastic use. Especially, in coastal regions, particles may remain for a long time, and they interact with flows, wind, sand and human activities. This study aimed thus to observe how plastic debris interacts with and escape from sediments. A series of experiments were conducted in order to gain a better understanding of particle release from coastal sediments into water body. An oscillating water tunnel was built for the experiments, and used to generate oscillatory flows of relatively high Reynolds number and induce sediment transport. Spherical plastic particles of three different sizes was used in lieu of plastic debris in environments. It was observed that release of the particles was directly related to change of bedform, which is in turn determined by the flow condition. Also smaller particles tend to escape the sediment more readily. Critical values for dimensionless parameters are proposed.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.752-757
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• 2009

In the last decade, many methods such as greet chamber, reservoir, or debris barrier, have been utilized to manage and prevent muddy water problem. The Vegetative Filter Strip (VFS) has been thought to be one of the most effective methods to trap sediment effectively. The VFS are usually installed at the edge of agricultural areas adjacent to stream or drainage ditches, and it has been shown that the VFS effectively removes pollutants transported with upland runoff. But, if the VFS is installed without any scientific analysis of rainfall-runoff characteristics, soil erosion, and sediment analysis, it may not reduce the sediment as much as expected. Although Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been used worldwide for many hydrologic and Non-Point Source Pollution (NPSP) analysis at a watershed scale. but it has many limitations in simulating the VFS. Because it considers only 'filter strip width' when the model estimates sediment trapping efficiency, and does not consider the routing of sediment with overland flow option which is expected to maximize the sediment trapping efficiency from upper agricultural subbasin to lower spatially-explicit filter strip. Therefore, the SWAT overland flow option between landuse-subbasins with sediment routing capability was enhanced with modifications in SWAT watershed configuration and SWAT engine. The enhanced SWAT can simulate the sediment trapping efficiency of the VFS in the similar way as the desktop VFSMOD-w system does. Also it now can simulate the effects of overland flow from upper subbasin to reflect the increased runoff volume at the receiving subbasin, which is what is occurring at the field if no diversion channel is installed. In this study, the enhanced SWAT model was applied to small watershed located at Jaun-ri in South Korea to simulate diversion channel and spatially-explicit VFS. It was found that approximately sediment can be reduced by 31%, 65%, 68%, with diversion channel, the VFS, and the VFS with diversion channel, respectively.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.60 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 2018

Most of the intake facilities of small agricultural reservoirs are conduits and they are regarded as serious defects due to the structural weakness that penetrates the body of the dam, and countermeasures are needed. This study suggests the application method of siphon type water intake facility by hydraulic model test and physical scale model test of siphon type water intake facility which has high safety and easy maintenance. Experimental results show that sufficient flow rate can be secured for the purpose of intaking water according to the differential head between the reservoir and the discharge part, and the flow rate can be controlled by the valve. The negative pressure was -31.5 kPa, and vibration and noise did not occur during the operation of the siphon. The maximum flow velocity in the discharge outlet was 1.11 m/s which meets the criterion for irrigation canals. Therefore, scour risk would be very low. As a result of the inflow distribution experiment, even if the inflow part is separated by only about 0.8 m, the flow velocity is remarkably decreased, so that the clogging by debris would not appear. When the pump was operated only once for the first time and the inside of the siphon was filled with water, continuous operation was possible by only valve operation. The results of this study are expected to be used for the design guidelines of the water intake facilities and improve safety and maintenance convenience of agricultural reservoirs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2006.10a
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• pp.611-614
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• 2006

매년 발생하는 산사태에 대한 피해를 최소화하기 위하여 일본의 사면 붕괴와 대책방안에 대한 조사를 실시하였다. 지난 2006년 7월 강원도 영서지방에 발생한 산사태 피해 현황을 살펴보고 사방기술의 선진국인 일본을 방문, 이에 대한 자료를 수집 분석하였다. 산악지형으로 구성된 지형이 국내와 매우 유사하고 자연재해가 더욱 많은 일본의 선진 사방대책에 대한 기술을 습득하여 국내형의 기술개발과 정책결정에 도움을 얻고자 본 조사를 실시하였다. 본고는 수집된 자료를 바탕으로 국내의 정황과 비교하며 정리한 것이다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.107-116
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• 2005

Korea has been suffering from various natural disasters. Slope-stability related disasters such as landslides usually occur during typhoon and torrential rain season. Types of slope-stability related disasters can be classified as failures in cut slopes along constructed roads, landslides in natural terrain, and retaining structure failures in urban area. This paper summarizes human casualties for the last 29 years in Korea, reviews field studies for the disaster sites that caused human casualties due to torrential rains in the Summer of 2005, analyzes causes of slope-stability related disasters and includes recommendations for an effective management system.