• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제32권1호통권90호
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• pp.51-57
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• 2002

이번 연구의 목적은 3가지의 서로 다른 법랑질 표면처리용액을 사용하였을 때 각각의 경우 전단결합강도를 실험실에서 측정하고 비교해보는 것이다. (1)30% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (2)40% sulfated polyacrylic acid with 0.3M lithium sulfate (3)37% phosphoric acid. 105개의 사람의 소구치를 35개씩 3개의 군으로 분류하였다. 3가지의 준비된 용액을 분류된 각 군에 적용하고 동일한 자가 중합 레진을 사용하여 금속 브라켓을 부착하였다. 각각의 치아마다 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 브라켓을 제거한후 법랑질표면과 브라켓 베이스의 파절양상을 입체현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 30%와 40% 폴리 아크릴산을 사용한 군에서 측정된 전단결합강도는 37% 인산을 사용한 그룹의 2/3수준으로 임상적응용이 가능한 수준이었으나 충분하지는 않았다. 2. 폴리아크릴산 그룹간의 전단결합강도에서는 통계학적으로 유의성이 없었다. 3. 브라켓의 탈락양상을 관찰한 결과 폴리아크릴산을 사용한 군에서는 브라켓과 접착제간의 파절보다 접착제와 법랑질간의 파절빈도가 높았다. 인산을 사용한 군에서는 폴리아크릴산의 군과 반대로 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 볼 때 폴리아크릴산을 임상에 사용하려면 전단결합강도를 높일 수 있는 연구가 선행되어야 할것으로 사료된다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 1991

본 연구에서는 "피로계수" (Fig.1)라는 새로운 개념을 도입하여 피로수명을 예측하였다. 먼저, 임의의 피로주기에서 피로계수 감소율은 피로주기의 지수함수를 따른다는 가정을 사용하고, 이를 적분하여 피로계수의 함수로 표현되는 피로수명식을 얻었다. 그리고 이 식에 변형률 파괴기준을 적용하여 최종적인 피로수명 예측식을 유도하였다. 이렇게 유도된 식은 재료상수가 결정되었을 때 임의의 응력상태하에서 의 피로수명을 예측할 수 있게 된다. 제안된 식을 탄소섬유 복합적층판에 적용하여 단일 응력에서의 피로 수명을 예측한 결과, 본 연구에서 제안한 피로수명 예측식(H '||'&'||' H curve)이 기존의 식보다 실험치와 더 잘 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 아울러 탄소섬유 강화 복합재료의 제반 피로특성을 살펴보았다.다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.105-114
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• 1989

본 연구에서는 카본/에폭시 프리프렉으로부터 제작된 적층판을 사용하여 인장시험시 발생하는 AE특성과 파괴거동을 비교 검토하고 이들을 통하여 탄소섬유 복합재료의 파손특성과 AE법의 유용성을 규명하고자 한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.525-540
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• 2016

The CFRP-confined circular concrete-filled steel tubular column is composed of concrete, steel, and CFRP. Its failure mechanics are complex. The most important difficulties are lack of an available method to establish a relationship between a specific damage mechanism and its acoustic emission (AE) characteristic parameter. In this study, AE technique was used to monitor the evolution of damage in CFRP-confined circular concrete-filled steel tubular columns. A fuzzy c-means method was developed to determine the relationship between the AE signal and failure mechanisms. Cluster analysis results indicate that the main AE sources include five types: matrix cracking, debonding, fiber fracture, steel buckling, and concrete crushing. This technology can not only totally separate five types of damage sources, but also make it easier to judge the damage evolution process. Furthermore, typical damage waveforms were analyzed through wavelet analysis based on the cluster results, and the damage modes were determined according to the frequency distribution of AE signals.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.2307-2316
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• 2024

A melting failure of W monoblock components of the upper divertor outer target in EAST occurred during the plasma campaigns in 2019. The failure characters and microstructure evolution of the failed W monoblock have been well investigated on one string (W436 string). Near the strike point region where heat flux density is highest, macroscopic cracks and severe surface damage such as dimensional change, melting and solidification are visible in several W monoblocks. At the same time, debonding, melting and migration of Cu/CuCrZr cooling tube components introduced fatal damage to the structure and function. The heat-induced microstructure evolution in the rest part has been examined via hardness tests and metallography. From the heat flux surface to the cooling tube, hardness increased gradually and the recrystallized grains could be found in the region with the highest temperature, while recrystallization grains also appear in some W monoblocks near the cooling tube area. The detailed microstructure has been investigated by metallography and EBSD. Such cases in EAST provide experiences on the extreme condition of accidental loss of coolant or higher discharge power in future devices.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.467-474
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 부착 유무, 정착장치 유무, 긴장량, 경간 길이 등을 실험 변수로 하여 총 13개의 시험체를 제작하여 휨 성능 실험과 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 1개의 표준시험체, 2개의 긴장력을 도입하지 않는 보강시험체, 4개의 긴장력을 도입한 비부착보강시험체, 4개의 긴장력을 도입한 부착시험체와 2개의 경간 길이가 다른 보강시험체를 제작하였다. 또한, 콘크리트의 비선형, 철근 및 탄소섬유와 콘크리트와의 계면 특성을 고려한 DIANA 프로그램을 이용하여 비선형 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 긴장력을 도입한 보강된 시험체는 박리 파괴가 아닌 FRP 파단에 의하여 최종파괴가 되었다. 특히, 긴장력을 도입한 부착시험체는 1차, 2차 박리가 발생 후, 정착장치의 고정으로 인하여 부착시스템에서 비부착시스템으로 전환되었다. 또한, 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 시험체의 해석 결과와 실험 결과를 비교 분석하였다. 긴장력을 도입한 탄소섬유판으로 보강된 모든 시험체는 연성지수가 3이상 나타나 어느 정도 이상의 연성을 확보하고 있는 것으로 알 수 있었다. 그리고 박리하중과 항복하중 및 극한하중에서 실험값과 해석값이 잘 일치하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제56권6호
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• pp.899-916
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• 2015

Upgrading or strengthening of existing reinforced concrete (RC) infrastructure is an emerging demand nowadays. Near Surface Mounted (NSM) technique is very promising approach for flexural strengthening of RC members. However, premature failure such as concrete cover separation failure have been a main concern in utilizing this technique. In this study, U-wrap end anchorage with carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) fabrics is proposed to eliminate the concrete cover separation failure. Experimental programs were conducted to the consequence of U-wrap end anchorage on the flexurally strengthened RC beams with NSM-steel. A total of eight RC rectangular beam specimens were tested. One specimen was kept unstrengthened as a reference; three specimens were strengthened with NSM-steel bars and the remaining four specimens were strengthened with NSM-steel bars and U-wrap end anchorage using CFRP fabrics. A 3D non-linear finite element model (FEM) was developed to simulate the flexural response of the tested specimens. It is revealed that NSM-steel (with and without end-anchors) significantly improved the flexural strength; moreover decreased deflection and strains compared with reference specimen. Furthermore, NSM-steel with end anchorage strengthened specimens revealed the greater flexural strength and improve failure modes (premature to flexure) compared with the NSM-steel without end anchorage specimens. The results also ensured that the U-wrap end anchorage completely eliminate the concrete cover separation failure.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.314-319
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• 2004

Many of researches regarding mechanical properties of composite materials are associated with humid environment and temperature. Especially the temperature is a very important factor influencing the design of thermoplastic composites. However, the effect of temperature on impact behavior of reinforced composites have not yet been fully explored. An approach which predicts critical fracture toughness GIC was performed by the impact test in this work The main goal of this work is to study effects of temperature in the impact test with glass fiber/polypropylene(GF/pp) composites. The critical fracture energy and failure mechanisms of GF/PP composites are investigated in the temperature range of $60^{\circ}C\;to\;-50^{\circ}C$ by impact test. The critical fracture energy shows a maximum at ambient temperature and it tends to decrease as temperature goes up or goes down. Major failure mechanisms can be classified such as fiber matrix debonding, fiber pull-out and/or delamination and matrix deformation.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.369-374
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• 2012

Based on the structure feature of a tree, a cylindrical $Ti_2AlC$/graphite layered composite has been fabricated through heat treating a graphite column and six close-matched thin wall $Ti_2AlC$ cylinders bonded with the $Ti_2AlC$ powders at $1300^{\circ}C$ and low oxygen partial pressure. SEM examination reveals that the bond interlayers between cylinders or that between cylinder and column are not fully dense without any crack formation. During the compressive test, the strain of the $Ti_2AlC$/graphite layered composite is about twice higher than that of the monolithic $Ti_2AlC$ ceramic, and the compressive strength of the layered composite is 348 MPa. The layered composite show the noncatastrophic fracture behaviors due to the debonding and shelling off of the layers, which are different from the monolithic $Ti_2AlC$ ceramic. The mechanism of the improved deformation capacity and noncatastrophic failure modes are attributed to the presence of the central soft graphite column and cracks deflection by the bond interlayers.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.167-173
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• 2003

Many of researches regarding mechanical properties of composite materials are associated with humid environment and temperature. Especially the temperature is a very important factor influencing the design of thermoplastic composites. However, the effect of temperature on impact behavior of reinforced composites have not yet been fully explored. An approach which predicts critical fracture toughness G$_{IC}$ was performed by the impact test in this work. The main goal of this work is to study the effect of temperature and span of specimen supports on the results of Charpy impact test for GF/PE composite. The critical fracture energy and failure mechanism of GF/PE composites were investigated in the temperature range of $60^{\circ}C;to;-50^{\circ}C$ by the Charpy impact test. The critical fracture energy showed the maximum at the ambient temperature, and it tended to decrease as the temperature increased or decreased from the ambient temperature. The major failure mechanisms are the fiber matrix debonding, the fiber pull-out and/or delamination and the matrix deformation.n.