• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• v.17
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

The study aimed to identify effect of shading rate and duration on the growth and flowering of Lilium species in faring culture. Plant height of 'Gelria' and 'Casablanca' increased by higher shading at early growth stage, whereas that of 'Jolanda' and 'Dream Land' decreased. Also, plant height of 3 cultivars except 'Gelria' were longer by higher shading at whole growth stage, that of 'Gelria' was shorter as compared to in untreated plants. In cultivar 'Gelria', blasting increased and days to flowering shorted in higher shading only except 100% shading treatment at early growth stage. In 100% shading treatment, Blasting of 'Jolanda' was occurred 15.7% and the number of flower buds of 'Dream Land' and 'Casablanca' were reduced. Flower buds of 'Gelria' were not induceded in continued shading condition regardless of shading degree, the number of flower buds and flower size of 'Jolanda' and 'Dream Land' was reduced by 75% and 50% shading, respectively and in 'Casablanca', days to flowering was longer by shading at whole growth stage. Growth of daughter bulbs in 'Gelria', 'Jolanda' and 'Dream Land' was not influenced by shading at early growth stage but those of 'Casablanca' was inactive. Whereas that of 4 cultivars were inactive in continused shading condition.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.264-268
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• 2011

'Duo', a late-flowering white gladiolus with pink core, was released by the National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science (NIHHS) in 2000. The selection was derived from the cross between the progenies of the early flowering dark pink 'True Love' and bright pink domestic cultivars 'Madame Valdiek'. The breeding was conducted in 1996 and selected finally in 2000 after four years (1997 to 2000) of experimentation. 'Duo' is a cut flower with bright white color petals and Pink core which exhibited late flowering and vigor without stem bending. It can be cultivated in areas or regions with strong winds during summer. 'Duo' has a very firm growth form and sturdy branches which do not bend when planted in the open fields. Likewise, the plant showed high tolerance to flooding and resistance, hence, could grow vigorously in open areas. It is a fast- growing plant which exhibits high corm production rate. 'Duo' had a 12.2 cm wide flower and 150 cm plant height. During summer, the average number of days to flowering was recorded at 75 days of 'Duo'. Top dressing must be conducted once or twice during corm production to enhance corm quality and quantity.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.152-157
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• 2009

To obtain pure lines for breeding $F_1$ varieties of Primula malacoides, 10 lines that were considered uniform in growth and flowering characteristics were selected from self-crossings of the sixth generation ($S_6$). Plant height of the selected lines ranged from 20.8 to 33.2 cm, and number of leaves ranged from 33.6 to 54.2. The selected lines flowered at 181.4 to 207.8 days after sowing. Three lines, including 'PR-03-81', flowered in less than 190 days from sowing, while six lines, including 'PR-03-228', only flowered after more than 200 days from sowing. In terms of petal color, six lines, including 'PR-03-81', were pink, three, including 'PR-03-236', were purple, and line 'PR-03-275' was white. Flower diameter ranged from 2.4 to 2.9 cm, and number of pedicels per plant was between 15.4 and 26.4. Number of flowers per pedicel ranged from 20.2 to 30.2. Germination was more than 70%, and number of seeds per capsule (pod) ranged from 110.0 to 162.8. In summary, plant height was low and flower diameter was small and plants had many flowers and readily formed seeds. The selected lines are not only valuable as ornamental plants but could also be used as breeding materials for $F_1$ hybrids of Primula polyantha.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.152-155
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• 2012

A new Saxifraga fortunei 'Pinkle' was bred by crossing 'Juno' with 'Hongoan', both with light pink (RP-N66A)-colored petals. The selection of promising lines and characterization of flowers were conducted from 2004 to 2008 year in greenhouses of the Highland Agriculture Research Center, NICS, RDA. The flowering of 'Pinkle' starts on October 7 and lasted for 27 days. The number of flowers per plant is 99.7 with many flowering habits. The flower show mixed dark pink (R-P N66C) colors at opening. The flower have 5.0 petals, each have the size is 2.9 cm in width and 3.2 cm in length. Mean plant height is 15.8 cm and number of leaves are 44.3 ea. 'Pinkle' can be used as a pot flower. Fifty percent shading of the sunlight is recommended and soft rot disease occurs caused by over-irrigation. 'Pinkle' was registered as a new cultivar in Korea Seed and Variety Service in April 2011.

• FLOWER RESEARCH JOURNAL
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.251-254
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• 2011

A new standard white-pink flower rose cultivar 'Innocence' was bred from the cross between white standard cultivar 'Juvena' and green-white standard cultivar 'Green Success' at the Jeollanamdo Agricultural Research and Extension Services (JARES). The cross was made in 2001 and, 'Innocence' was finally selected in 2006 after investigating characteristics for three times from 2004 to 2006. 'Innocence' a white-pink standard cultivar has good flower shape with few prickles. The major characteristics of this cultivar were $118.7stems{\cdot}m^{-2}$ in year yield, 68.0 cm in length of cut flower, 10.9 cm in flower diameter, 34.4 in petal number, and 10.7 days in vase life. This cultivar can be propagated by both cutting and grafting. The consumer's preference of this cultivar was relatively higher than that of control cultivar, 'Rose Yumi'.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.830-839
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• 2016

Germination of Hemerocallis seeds as influenced by cold stratification at $5^{\circ}C$ (CS) and maturity of seeds evaluated using X-ray imaging has not been well investigated. Seeds of H. lilioasphodelus, H. citrina, H. citrina 'April Flower', and H. minor collected from China and H. thunbergii collected from Korea were germinated at $20^{\circ}C$ without pre-temperature treatment, while H. hongdoensis, H. dumortieri, H. minor, and H. vespertina seeds were treated with CS. Harvesting 'Stella de Oro' capsules at 35-40 days after anthesis yielded mature seeds with well-developed embryo and cotyledons analyzed by X-ray images with a 92% germination in 17 days after sowing. Seeds of H. thunbergii and H. citrina germinated in less than 13 days without CS; two weeks of CS did not accelerate seed germination. Seeds of H. hongdoensis germinated in 24 days when seeds were stored at $25^{\circ}C$ without CS and in less than 27 days when cold stratified. Therefore, 'Stella de Oro' capsules should be harvested at 35-40 days after anthesis to harvest mature seeds. Cold stratification is not required to accelerate seed germination in the Hemerocallis taxa evaluated in this study.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.249-256
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• 1983

The aspect of flowering was investigated in 'Georgia' cut lilies which had four flowers per stem. Concurrently effects of preservative solutions on longevity, petal length, water uptake and fresh weight of cut flowers were examined. 1. Days of opening of the 1st, 2nd and 3rd flower were 1-2 days, 3-4 days and 5-6days after beginning of holding treatment respectively. But the 4th flower was opened 9-10 days after beginning of holding treatment when the 1st and 2nd flowers were wilting or drying. 2. The later the opening of flower in a stem was, the shorter the longevity of flower became. But the effects of preservative solutions on longevity were gradually increased as the opening of flower was late in a stem. 3. Preservative solutions containing sucrose and $AgNO_3$ or HQ were able to increase petal length and longevity of the 3rd and 4th flowers sufficiently like the 1st and 2nd flowers. 4. Petal length, water uptake, fresh weight and longevity of cut lilies held in preservative solution containing sucrose, $AgNO_3$ and HQ were increased significantly compared with others. Solution containing sucrose alone increased longevity but decreased water uptake remarkably and did not increase fresh weight and petal length effectively compared with the control.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.543-547
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• 1995

This study was conducted to light intensity and night interruption on leaf production in perilla. Using two cultivars ; og-dong and Yeup-sil. The present studies were conducted to investigate effect of the light intensity and night interruption for prolongation of vegetative growth by flowering inhibition in the National Honam Crop Experiment Station, R. D. A, Iri, Korea. The results are summarized as followes, varietal differences of days to flower initiation were not significant by the light intensity and night interruption, however differences of days to flower initiation light intensity or night interruption treatment were higly significant. Flowering of perilla was prolongated in high light intensity and in long night interruption. Between the factors treated flowering of perilla was more influenced by light intensity than night interruption. Days to flower initiation of perilla were light intensity(0.5∼1 Lux) in 30 mins night interruption, however 3∼10 light intensity in 60 mins night interruption and 30∼100 Lux light intensity in 10, 30, 60 mins night interruption treatment were not flowering. Plant height, leaf area and dry weight of perilla were the highest in 30∼100 Lux light intensity treatment than in the other treatments. The results would be avaliable establish year-round production methods for low cost of perilla leaf.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.52 no.4
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• pp.379-386
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• 2013

Aphidius colemani and Orius laevigatus aree natural enemies of the control cotton aphid and western flower thrips, which are the major pests of cucumber plants. We evaluated the low toxicity of 47 fungicides against A. colemani and O. laevigatus, and we investigated the simultaneous effect of the natural enemies with fungicide of low toxicity on the pests. The toxicity of DBEDC, hexaconazole, pyraclostrobin, tribasic copper sulfate, triflumizole, chlorothalonil, flusilazole, folpet, carbendazim+diethofencarb, cymoxanil+fenamidone and trifloxystrobin to A. colemani mummies was more than 50% and to O. laevigatus was low toxic. Among the fungicides with low toxicity, azoxystrobin 20% WP was selected because it could be used simultaneously with A. colemani and O. laevigatus and as a fungicide to control powdery mildew and downy mildew. In 2011, the densities of western flower thrips and cotton aphid increased rapidly in early-May in Gongju and Cheonan, Chungnam Province. When azoxystrobin was used at an interval of 10 days in spring, A. colemani and O. laevigatus were released at an interval of 7 days at the early occurrence of the pests. The natural enemies decreased the densities of the pests; the maximum number of A. colemani mummies was 18 per lower leaf, and the maximum number of O. laevigatus was 0.5 per flower. Azoxystrobin did not influence the densities of A. colemani and O. laevigatus. The results show that the selected fungicides can be used with A. colemani and O. laevigatus for the intergrated pest management of cotton aphid and western flower thrips in cucumber polyvinyl house cultivation.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.145-153
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• 2011

To develop new varieties of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.), the seeds of three varieties 'Naehan', 'Tammi', and 'Halla' were treated with proton ion beams and gamma rays (0~2,000 Gy), and then the characteristics of the mutants induced were examined up to $M_5$ generation to select the lines with fixed useful traits. In $M_5$ generation, we had selected several lines that were highly fixed for some useful traits such as plant height, maturity and flower size; one line with both earlier maturity and shorter stem than wild type, one line with only earlier maturity, two lines with shorter stem, one line with large flower, and one line with chlorophyll mutation. Among them, NP600-1-1-198-2 (induced from variety 'Naehan' was treated with proton ion beams 600 Gy) was superior for its distinction from the original variety, uniformity and stability. The unique characteristics of NP600-1-1-198-2 were dark green leaves, green stem, yellow flower, and black seed coat. Its flowering date was April 14, eight days earlier than its original variety, while seed maturity date was June 16 (five days earlier) and plant height 105 cm (shorter by 10 cm). NP600-1-1-198-2 has 52 silique per panicle, 6.2 cm silique length, 23 seeds per silique, 4.2 g per 1000 seeds and 45.9% oil content. The seed oil contained 67.8% of oleic acid, 16.7% of linoleic acid and 7.3% of linolenic acid but no erucic acid.