• 한국주거학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국주거학회 2008년 추계학술발표대회 논문집
• /
• pp.479-482
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is a proposal about the flexibility of the performance category to revitalize the "Housing Performance Grading Indication System". This system consists of 5 main performance parts, 14 performance categories and 20 detailed performance lists. 5 main performance parts are Noise and Acoustics(Light-weight impact sound control, heavy-weight impact sound control, sound control of toilet, sound control of party wall), Long-life(flexibility, remodeling & maintenance, durability), Landscape & Indoor Environment(landscape, formaldehyde control& ventilation, daylighting, thermal environment), Welfare & Barrier-free(playground and community center, welfare space, barrier-free design), Fire Safety(fire safety, safe place, fire-resisting quality). The flexibility of the performance category is conformed to Long-life housing related grading and can realize the Long-life housing in response to resident needs about the space rearrangement. Now, The flexibility of the performance category is limited to the evaluation of the private space, that is, the Skeleton evaluation. This study would suggest alternatives to improve uppermost limits through analyzing 60 examples from January 9th 2009 to October 30th 2008. The flexibility of the performance category is possible to estimate not only the Skeleton evaluation but also the Infill evaluation in response to social changes.

• 동력기계공학회지
• /
• 제20권1호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2016

The study is arranged in the form of plate-shaped in the Apartment Houses with placed at right angles. After examined the daylight environment and the indoor illumination in this form of Apartment Houses, in order to improve the daylight environment of the lower floors, I examined the daylight environment. In order to match the indoor illumination, as a standard illumination 400lx, I examine the necessary lighting energy based on the direction and time for the different parts in the Apartment Houses, As the first floor, the lowest power requirement appeared to the South(457W), and the most power requirement appeared to the East(843W).

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.21-28
• /
• 2015

Purpose: In this study, we analyzed the energy performance levels and high-performance technology trends through the case studies of foreign high-performance buildings. Method: Buildings built within 10 years were selected for the analysis of recent trends. we analyzed the buildings of U.S.A, Germany and Japan using LEED certified buildings, Passive House certified buildings and CASBEE certified buildings database for the case study of foreign high-performance buildings. A total of 20 high-performance buildings including 14 cases in U.S.A, 4 cases in Germany and 4 cases in Japan were selected. Annual energy consumption levels for 20 high-performance buildings were collected with the actual energy consumption data or data from simulation programs officially recognized by DOE. Annual energy consumption were compared with the energy performance standard of the office buildings in the CBECS database, ASHRAE Standard 90.1-2004 and Building Energy Efficiency Rating System in Korea. Result: The order of the green strategies applied in the main categories are Renewable Energy(63%), Indoor Environment Control(51%), Envelope Improvement(44%) and HVAC System & Control(28%). Specified strategies most widely used in the sub-categories are high-performance Insulation (70%), High Efficiency Heating, Cooling Source Equipment(85%), Photovoltaic&Solar Thermal(80%) and Daylighting(80%).

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제11권6호
• /
• pp.127-132
• /
• 2011

Since the late 20th century, countries of the world have made every effort to solve environmental problems due to global warming. The Korean Government has also made various efforts on reducing energy and $CO_2$ emission under the motto of "Low-Carbon Green Growth". In order to achieve the goal to reduce energy in the construction field, severe design standards and regulations on saving energy in new buildings have been established. However, for maximizing the reduction of energy in buildings, it is time to focus on deteriorated buildings where applications of energy saving designs and techniques have been insufficient. Especially, there are little guidelines and researches on reducing energy through remodeling at deteriorated school buildings which were built over 20 years ago. This paper suggests the priority of factors to reduce energy on the remodeling process at deteriorated school buildings using the AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process) method. For applying the AHP method, the survey of staffs in the Education Offices and board members in the Korea Institute of Ecological Architecture and Environment was conducted via e-mail. As a result, factors of insulation, daylighting, system control, and windows turned out important in the energy reducing remodeling process at deteriorated school buildings, while factors of artificial lighting, solar heating, ventilation, and system did relatively unimportant.

• 태양에너지
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.9-19
• /
• 1991

주된 사용시간이 주간인 사무소 건물에서 주광의 이용에 따른 연간 에너지 절약효과는 매우 큰 것으로 나타나고 있다. 더욱이 주광의 효과적인 이용은 작업자의 쾌적감과 만족감을 증가시키면서 수적으로 작업성능 또한 향상시킬 수 있다. 주광의 이용여부는 건축설계의 기본요소들이 검토되는 초기설계단계에서 검토되어야 한다. 따라서, 본 연구는 초기설계단계에서 주광의 이용에 따른 연간 조명에너지 절약률을 예측할 수 있는 평가도구를 개발하는데 연구목적이 있다. 이러한 평가도구로서 본 연구에서 개발한 노모그래프는 편측창 모델사무실을 대상으로 인공조명기구의 소등률과 조절방식에 따라 연간 조명에너지량을 예측할 수 있다. 이 노모그래프는 디자인 초기단계에서 유용한 자연채광 설계도구로서 이용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
• /
• 제37권3호
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2017

This paper deals with the effectiveness of a fiber optic solar lighting system that uses a Fresnel lens mounted on a two-axis solar tracker. A series of comparative analyses were made concerning its performance as compared to fluorescent lighting by using a simulation model based on ECOTECT and RADIANCE as well as referring to actual data. ECOTECT was used to model the test room (space) while RADIANCE was used for its indoor lighting conditions (environment). It was found that the average indoor light levels of fluorescent lighting fully satisfy the KS standard (KS A 3011, general office, class [G]: 300-400-600 lux) whereas those of the solar lighting with light diffusers depends on the occlusion factor of roller shades installed on the south window.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제11권2호
• /
• pp.105-111
• /
• 2011

Aims of this study is to investigate the daylighting control strategy of venetian blind system was performed as a function of ratio of shading height to window and slat angles in the preliminary stage of the parametric study. Floor-to-ceiling window walls of living spaces are used widely in apartment buildings since the Korean government has legally allowed elimination of the balcony area. Enlarging living area by balcony elimination, the larger glass area of window is exposed to the direct sunlight. As a common sunlight controlling device, blind system can be used in all orientations and all latitudes and it may obstruct, absorb, reflect and transmit solar radiation to building by proper adjusting. However, blind system can produce discomfort in occupant and less energy efficiency, if it has not been controlled optimally. The simulation model was based on the unit module of typical living space with balcony elimination. The room dimension was $6.0m(w){\times}6.9m(d){\times}2.7m(h)$ with floor to ceiling height of 2.5m. The blind system was simulated at five slat angles (horizontal, $30^{\circ}$, $45^{\circ}$ upward and downward tilted) and the four ratio of shading height to window (fully closed, partly opened, no-blind) using the Desktop RADIANCE 2.0 program. The series of simulation results indicates that the advantages of available daylight and outside of view can be improved by proper adjusting blind system.

• 토지주택연구
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.131-140
• /
• 2022

스마트 윈도우는 건물의 에너지 절감을 실현할 수 있는 신소재 건축 자재이며, 상황에 따라 가시광선 투과율(Visible Light Transmittance), 일사획득계수(Solar Heat Gain Coefficient, g-value)를 자유롭게 조절할 수 있는 특징을 가진다. Electrochromic(EC), Suspended Particle Device(SPD), Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystal(PDLC) 등이 스마트 윈도우에 해당되며 현재 실용화 단계에 있다. 최근 스마트 윈도우의 VLT 및 g-value 조절 기능을 통해 건축물의 에너지를 절감하는 방법에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있으며, 일부 유의미한 결과가 도출되고 있다. 하지만, 건축물의 에너지 절감에 대해서 연구의 영역이 제한되어 있고, 실내 환경에 대한 연구는 다소 부족한 실정이다. 에너지 절감에만 초점을 맞춘 실내 공간은 충분한 쾌적성이 확보되지 않기 때문에 실내 환경에 대한 고려가 요구된다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 사무공간을 기준으로 채광성능(Daylight Performance) 분석이 수행되었다. 세계 각 국의 친환경 건축인증제도인 LEED, BREEAM, CASBEE, G-SEED의 기준을 통해 스마트 윈도우의 VLT 조절에 따른 채광성능 검토가 이루어졌으며, 쾌적한 실내 채광환경을 유지할 수 있는 스마트 윈도우의 VLT 범위에 대한 고찰이 이루어졌다. 분석을 위해 사용된 스마트 윈도우는 VLT 조절 범위가 가장 넓은 EC가 사용되었다. 분석 결과 한국의 친환경 건축인증제도인 G-SEED의 평균주광률을 충족하기 위한 스마트 윈도우의 최소 VLT는 25% 이상으로 나타났으며, 스마트 윈도우의 VLT 조절은 균제도에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, LEED의 실내 최소조도의 기준을 적용할 시 적용되어야 하는 계절 및 향에 대한 스마트 윈도우의 VLT 조절 범위 값이 도출되었다.

• Advances in Energy Research
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.289-304
• /
• 2017

Large glazed surfaces and windows become common features in modern buildings. The spread of these features was influenced by the dependence of designers on mechanical and artificial systems to provide occupants with thermal and visual comfort. Countries with hot summer and cold winter conditions, like Jordan, require maximum shading from solar radiation in summer, and maximum exposure in winter to reduce cooling and heating loads respectively. The current research aims at designing optimized double-positioned external shading device systems that help to reduce energy consumption in buildings and provide thermal and visual comfort during both hot and cold seasons. Using energy plus, a whole building energy simulation program, and radiance, Lighting Simulation Tool, with DesignBuilder interface, a series of computer simulations for energy consumption and daylighting performance were conducted for offices with south, east, or west windows. The research was based on comparison to determine the best fit characteristics for two positions of adjustable horizontal louvers on south facade or vertical fins on east and west facades for summer and winter conditions. The adjustable shading systems can be applied for new or retrofitted office or housing buildings. The optimized shading devices for summer and winter positions helped to reduce the net annual energy consumption compared to a base case space with no shading device or with curtains and compared to fix shading devices.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• 제10권4호
• /
• pp.137-145
• /
• 2010

Active sunlighting systems have been applied to deliver sunlight into the indoor space where natural light is insufficient, mainly because of the congested high-rise buildings in urban areas. Among various active sunlighting systems, a mirror sunlighting system which is simple structure and economically reasonable has been widely used in different types of spaces such as underground, north facing place and atrium. This study was to evaluate the mirror sunlighting systems, which were consisted of the first mirror of $3.5m{\times}2.5m$, the eight sets of the second mirrors of $1.0m{\times}1.25m$ and a sun tracker. Ten sets of the systems were installed for 40 apartment living rooms, the configuration of $3.5m(W){\times}4.0m(D){\times}2.5m(H)$ where sunlighting were not possible due to high retaining walls located in the front of the living rooms. The 45 HOBO data logger sensors for the indoor illuminance were equipped and 2 Li-cor photometers for outdoor illuminance. Both indoor and outdoor horizontal illuminances were monitored every second from 9am to 3pm on 17 January 2010 under clear sky condition. The results showed that the indoor illuminance of installed mirror sunlighting system was significant relationship with outdoor illuminance and increased the indoor illuminance level by 4.2 times on the whole floor space, by 8 times on the sun patch space of 6m2 and even by 2 times on the no sun patch space. In addition, the luminous conditions of the living room under real sky conditions met the KS recommendation for difficult task (600-1000-1500 lux) such as sewing and reading on whole floor space and sun patch space. It was proved that the benefits of mirror sunlighting systems included an effective technology for penetrating daylight into indoors where sunlighting was not possible and improving occupants' satisfaction and health, and contributing to energy saving in apartments during daytime.