• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.163-178
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• 2000

Institutions included in this study of emergency short term shelters for children in crisis included 2 public counseling centers providing short term protection services for children and 12 emergency shelters for runaway children located in a metropolitan city in Korea. The institutions were examined with respect to their establishment, management, and programs. The researcher visited and interviewed workers employed in the institutions. In additions, 12 children who had been cared for emergency shelters were surveyed with open-ended questions. The data consisted of information on founders, locations, purpose, current management, personnel, length of care, and number and grouping of children. Programs and daily schedules were also examined. Effective models of emergency short term shelters were discussed on the basis of the collected data.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.3336-3346
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• 2022

In general, a number of severe accident scenarios derived from Level 2 probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) are typically grouped into several categories to efficiently evaluate their potential impacts on the public with the assumption that scenarios within the same group have similar source term characteristics. To date, however, grouping by similar source terms has been completely reliant on qualitative methods such as logical trees or expert judgements. Recently, an exhaustive simulation approach has been developed to provide quantitative information on the source terms of a large number of severe accident scenarios. With this motivation, this paper proposes a machine learning-based categorization method based on exhaustive simulation for grouping scenarios with similar accident consequences. The proposed method employs clustering with an autoencoder for grouping unlabeled scenarios after dimensionality reductions and feature extractions from the source term data. To validate the suggested method, source term data for 658 severe accident scenarios were used. Results confirmed that the proposed method successfully characterized the severe accident scenarios with similar behavior more precisely than the conventional grouping method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.1191-1191
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• 2001

Generation of precise, accurate, and robust calibration models for spectroscopic methods of analysis can be time-consuming, expensive, and sometimes difficult to achieve. For these reasons, efforts have been made to find ways in which the calibration from one instrument can be moved to another with minimal performance reduction. A slight shift in nomenclature from the common term calibration transfer to the term calibration transport is used here to help resolve the subtle difference between two means of moving a calibration from one instrument to another. The former term denotes a transfer procedure that includes mathematical manipulation of the calibration data via some determined transfer function, whereas the latter term does not. Todays generation of process and laboratory FTNIR analyzers is capable of not only achieving calibration transfer, but also calibration transport often without the need of slope or bias adjustments. Several studies are used to examine the boundaries of the extent to which calibration transport is achieved in the refining industry. Data collected on multiple on-line and laboratory FTNIR analyzers located in multiple countries are considered, and the ultimate limitations discussed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.123-125
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• 2022

In this paper, we introduce a system applied to long short-term memory using Yolo-pose. Using Yolo-pose from image data, data divided into daily life and falls are extracted and applied to LSTM for learning. In order to prevent overfitting, training is performed 8 to 2 validation and is represented by a confusion matrix. The result of Yolo-pose recorded 100% of both sensitivity and specificity, confirming that daily life and falls were well distinguished.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.183-188
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• 1983

This paper deals with short-term load forecasting. The load model is represented by the state variable form to exploit the Kalman filter technique. The load model is derived from Taylor series expansion and remainder term is considered as noise term. In order to solve recursive filter form, among various algorithm of solving Kalman filter, this paper uses exponential data weighting technique. This paper also deals with the asymptotic stability of filter. Case studies are carried out for the hourly power demand forecasting of the Korea electrical system.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.114-126
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• 2016

Many cohort studies have reported associations of individual-level long-term exposures to $PM_{10}$ and health outcomes. Individual exposures were often estimated by using exposure prediction models relying on $PM_{10}$ data measured at national regulatory monitoring sites. This study explored spatial and temporal characteristics of regulatory $PM_{10}$ measurement data in South Korea and suggested $PM_{10}$ concentration metrics as long-term exposures for assessing health effects in cohort studies. We obtained hourly $PM_{10}$ data from the National Institute of Environmental Research for 2001~2012 in South Korea. We investigated spatial distribution of monitoring sites using the density and proximity in each of the 16 metropolitan cities and provinces. The temporal characteristics of $PM_{10}$ measurement data were examined by annual/seasonal/diurnal patterns across urban background monitoring sites after excluding Asian dust days. For spatial characteristics of $PM_{10}$ measurement data, we computed coefficient of variation (CV) and coefficient of divergence (COD). Based on temporal and spatial investigation, we suggested preferred long-term metrics for cohort studies. In 2010, 294 urban background monitoring sites were located in South Korea with a site over an area of $415.0km^2$ and distant from another site by 31.0 km on average. Annual average $PM_{10}$ concentrations decreased by 19.8% from 2001 to 2012, and seasonal $PM_{10}$ patterns were consistent over study years with higher concentrations in spring and winter. Spatial variability was relatively small with 6~19% of CV and 21~46% of COD across 16 metropolitan cities and provinces in 2010. To maximize spatial coverage and reflect temporal and spatial distributions, our suggestion for $PM_{10}$ metrics representing long-term exposures was the average for one or multiple years after 2009. This study provides the knowledge of all available $PM_{10}$ data measured at national regulatory monitoring sites in South Korea and the insight of the plausible longterm exposure metric for cohort studies.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.191-200
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• 2004

Using the p chart is not adequate in case that there are lots of data and it is difficult to divide into products conforming or nonconforming because of obscurity of binary classification. So we need to design a new control chart which represents obscure situation efficiently. This study deals with the method to performing arithmetic operation representing fuzzy data into fuzzy set by applying fuzzy set theory and designs a new control chart taking account of a concept of classification on the term set and membership function associated with term set.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.497-500
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• 2000

This paper describes the procedures to estimate for the design thermal loads on prestressed concrete box girder bridges on th basis of the extreme analysis of the temperature data obtained from long-term thermal analyses. Long-term thermal analyses using the environmental data for three years were conducted, and the extreme distributions of th thermal loads are then determined by the tail-equivalence method, and the thermal loads corresponding to selected return period are calculated. Finally, the results are compared to the specifications suggested in a current design code for thermal loads.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.62-73
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• 1985

The problems of growth & development due to maladjustment are gradually increasing while need for the treatment of children's diseases is decreasing. The level of developmental deficiency or delay correlates with neonatal birth weight and also with gestational age, i.e. degrees of prematurity. There-fore, developmental defects and potential risk factors' are more Common in premature infants than in full term infants. The purpose of this study is to define the difference in the growth at developmental status between premature and full term infants, and to define the relation between the developmental status and the physical growth during the first 3 years' Data were collected from January 10, 1985 to April 6, 1985 at 3 hospitals including St. Mary's Hospital, and through home visiting. The subjects of this study consisted of 79 Premature infants (G.A. <37wks. & B.W. <2.5kg) and 94 full term infants (G.A.≥37 wks. & B.W.≥2.5kg). The study method used was a questionnaire, anthropometric assessment and DDST for normative data of growth & development. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test and t-test. The results of the study were as follows: Hypothesis: 1 : That the prematures will differ from the full term infants in the physical growth status during the first 3 years was partially supported (p＜0.02) : The prematures reached up the full term infants in the physical growth status in the first 6 months. And, the first hypothesis was supported (P<0.01) : There are more cases which is below‘the Korean children's physical. growth standards’in prematures than in full term infants. Hypothesis 2 : That the prematures will differ from the full term infants in the developmental status during the first 3 years was supported (P< 0.001)；‘Normal’developmental status due to DDST was less in prematures than in full term infants. And, the second hypothesis was Partially supported (P<0.02) : The developmental status of the pre-matures was different from that of the full term infants within the first 3 months by analysis of passed items in DDST, Hypothesis 3 : That the prematures' developmental status will relate to their physical growth during the first 3 years was supported (P<0.001) : If the prematures' developmental status is in delayed status, then, their physical growth status is also in delayed status. This study shows that the prematures differed significantly from the full term infants in the growth at developmental status during their infancy. This means that the nurse can foster the growth & development of the prematures by supportive care during their infancy. Further longitudinal study is needed to verify these findings for the environmental factors.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.93-100
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• 2014

Ethylene Tetrafluoroethylene (ETFE) has been widely used in long-span buildings because of its light weight and high transparency. This paper studies the short and long term creep behaviour of ETFE foil. A series of short-term creep and recovery tests were performed, in which the residual strain was observed. A long-term creep test of the ETFE foil was also performed over 110 days. A viscoelastic-plastic model was then established to describe the short-term creep and recovery behaviour. The model contains a traditional multi-Kelvin part and an added steady-flow component to represent the viscoelastic and viscoplastic behaviour, respectively. The model successfully fit the data for three stresses and six temperatures. Additionally, time-temperature equivalency was adopted to predict the long-term creep behaviour of ETFE foil. Horizontal shifting factors were determined from the process of shifting creep-curves at six temperatures. The long-term creep behaviours at three temperatures were predicted. Finally, the long-term creep test showed that the short-term creep test at identical temperatures insufficiently predicted additional creep behaviour, and the long-term test verified the horizontal shifting factors derived from the time-temperature equivalency.