• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.35-54
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• 2015

Smartphone is affecting not only our everyday life but also our business, directly causing diverse side-effects. But up until now, many researches that have been conducted on smartphone were focused on continuance intention for smartphone use and user satisfaction. Thus, the objective of this research is to investigate the effects that smartphone dependency has on digital dementia which is one of negative effects of smartphone. For the purpose, we have reviewed studies that are related to perceived characteristics of existing smartphones. As perceived characteristics variables, we have adopted perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. And to present our research model, we have adopted smartphone dependency as psychological attitude variable and digital dementia as consequence variable. To implement an empirical analysis of our research model, we have conducted a survey with college student groups as research target who use smartphone most.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to examine the effects of Tai Chi on hope, dependency, and perceived health status of elderly women. Methods: The study was a nonequivalent control group pre-post test design. Forty-seven elderly women were assigned to two groups: the experimental group (n=24) and the control group (n=23). Data were collected from June 13 to July 26, 2012 and analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 14.0 version program. The intervention was provided 2 times a week for 7 weeks. Results: There were significant differences in reported hope and perceived health status between the two groups. However, the issue of dependency was not significant. Conclusion: Tai chi can be utilized as an effective intervention for hope and perceived health status of elderly women. It will be a good solution to guide successful aging in an aging society.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제7권3호
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• pp.479-488
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to explore the personality and eating behavior among adult women. The subjects for the study were 237 adult women, who live in Seoul. The survey instruments were to develop for personality and eating behavior. Data were collected between November 6 and November 27 in 2000 and analyzed using the SPSS program. The result of this study are as fellows: 1. Six factors (perfection, emotion, autonomy, consideration for other, evaluate from other, dependency) emerged from personality, and these contributed 55.29% of the variance in the total score. 2. Three factors(craving, food intake according to emotion, eating habit) emerged from eating behavior, and these contributed 49.23% of the variance in the total score. 3 There were significant correlation between personality and eating behavior(r=.32, p=.00). 4. In the relationships between craving and personality, perfection, emotion, autonomy, consideration for other, evaluate from other, dependency showed a statistically significant correlation. 5. In the relationships between food intake according to emotion and personality, perfection, evaluate from other, dependency showed a statistically significant correlation. 6. In the relationships between eating habit and personality, perfection, autonomy, consideration for other, evaluate from other, dependency showed a statistically significant correlation. This study suggest that perfection, evaluation from other, dependency dimension of personality may be important factor for regulation of eating behavior.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.282-288
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was to verify the effects of a smoking cessation program for adolescents. Method: This study was designed to use one group with one pre-test and two post-tests. One post-test was done immediately after the completion of the program and the other after eight weeks. The subjects were 21 male high school students who were smokers when this study was carried out. The smoking cessation program consisted of 5 sessions with smoking cessation education and e-mail service after the program. Variables in this research were nicotine dependency (using Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire) and self-efficacy. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed rank test. Results: Immediately after the program and eight weeks later, nicotine dependency for continuous smokers decreased significantly (after the program: Z=-2.319, p=.020, eight weeks later: Z=-1.999. p=.046) and self-efficacy increased significantly (after program: Z=-3.024. p=.002. eight weeks later: Z=-2.381. p=.017). Conclusions: The smoking cessation program was effective in decreasing nicotine dependency in the continuous adolescent smokers and in increasing their self-efficacy, Further study needs to be made with a lager number of smoking adolescents using control group design.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify the influence of knowledge, attitude and preventive health behavior of cancer on nicotine dependency in male college students who have a habit of smoking. Methods: In this study, a cross-sectional survey design was adopted for the 254 male college students who smoke in D and S city. The data was analyzed for descriptive statistics, t-test, Pearson's correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis using the SPSS 20.0 program. Results: Knowledge about lung cancer (${\beta}=-.407$, p<.001), preventive health behaviors about cancer (${\beta}=-.223$, p<.001) and the smoking period ($5years{\leq}$) (${\beta}=.198$, p=.001) were identified as the factors influencing nicotine dependency of the subjects. The model explained 33% of variance in nicotine dependency (F=20.49, p<.001). Conclusion: The results suggest that anti-smoking educators should include the strategies to increase knowledge about lung cancer and preventive health behaviors of cancer, and to reduce the smoking period in their smoking cessation program.

• 한국도서관정보학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.185-203
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• 2010

이 연구의 목적은 정보행태에 있어 국민성이 갖는 의미에 주목하면서, 정보행태에 대한 집단적 요인과 개인적 요인의 비중을 상대적으로 가늠해 보는데 있다. 이를 위해, 국민성을 대변하는 요소로 국적과 성격(의존성)을 선정하였으며, 정보행태를 대변하는 10개의 지표를 개발하였다. 논의에 필요한 데이터는 설문조사를 통해 수집하였는데, 158명의 한국인 대학생과 183명의 일본인 대학생이 설문에 참여하였다. 수집한 데이터에 근거하여 변인들 사이의 관계를 검증하기 위한 빈도분석과 교차분석을 실시하였으며, 국적과 의존성의 상대적 비중을 가늠하기 위한 ANOVA 검증을 실시하였다. 통계적 분석의 결과, 상대적 비중에 있어 국적의 영향력이 의존성의 영향력보다 크며, 집단적 요인의 비중이 개인적 요인의 비중보다 큰 것으로 나타났다.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.567-571
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• 2015

기존의 전이 기반 한국어 의존 구문 분석 방법론들은 사용 될 자질의 설계에 많은 노력이 필요하다. 최근에 인공 신경망을 이용하여 자질 설계 단계에서의 시간과 노력을 줄이는 연구들이 많이 수행되었으나 제한된 context의 정보들만 보고 전이 과정에 필요한 decision을 내려야 하는 문제점들이 있다. 본 논문에서는 순환 신경망 모델을 이용하여 자질 설계에 필요한 노력을 줄이고 순환 구조로 먼 거리 의존관계를 고려하였다. 실험을 진행한 결과 일반적인 다층 신경망에 비해 0.51%의 성능향상을 이루었으며 UAS 90.33%의 성능을 선보인다.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2011

A new method for creating a logical data model is proposed. The logical data model developed by the method defines table, primary key, foreign key, and fields. The framework of the logical data model is constructed by modeling the relationships between events and their related entity types. The proposed method consists of a series of objective and quantitative decisions such as maximum cardinality of relationships and functional dependency between the primary key and attributes. Even beginners to database design can use the methology as long as they understand such basic concepts about relational databases as primary key, foreign key, relationship cardinality, parent-child relationship, and functional dependency. The simple and systematic approach minimizes decision errors made by a database designer. In practial database design the method creates a logical data model in Boyce-Codd normal form unless the user of the method makes a critical decision error, which is very unlikely.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
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• 제15B권4호
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• pp.375-382
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• 2008

단백질의 세포 내 위치를 인식하는 것은 생물학 현상의 기술에 있어서 필수적이다. 생물학 문서의 양이 늘어남에 따라, 단백질의 세포 내 위치 정보를 문서 내용으로부터 얻기 위한 연구들이 많이 이루어졌다. 기존의 논문들은 문장의 구문 정보를 이용하여 정보를 얻고자 하였으며, 언어학적 정보가 단백질의 세포 내 위치를 인식하는 데 유용하다고 주장하고 있다. 그러나, 이전의 시스템들은 구문 정보를 얻기 위해 부분 구문분석기만을 사용하였고 재현율이 좋지 못했다. 그러므로 단백질의 세포 내 위치 정보를 얻기 위해 전체 구문분석기를 사용할 필요가 있다. 또한, 더 많은 언어학적 정보를 위해 의미 정보 또한 사용이 가능하다. 단백질의 세포 내 위치 정보를 인식하는 성능을 향상시키기 위하여, 본 논문은 전체 구문분석기와 어휘망(WordNet)을 기반으로 한 방법을 제안한다. 첫 번째 단계에서, 각 단백질 단어로부터 그 단백질의 위치후보에까지 이르는 구문 의존 경로를 구축한다. 두 번째 단계에서, 구문의존 경로의 루트 정보를 추출한다. 마지막으로, 단백질 부분트리와 위치 부분트리의 구문-의미 패턴을 추출한다. 구문 의존 경로의 루트와 부분트리로부터 구문태그와 구문방향을 구문 정보로서 추출하고, 각 노드 단어의 의미태그를 의미 정보로서 추출한다. 의미태그로는 어휘망의 동의어 집합(synset)을 사용한다. 학습데이터에서 추출한 루트 정보와 부분트리의 구문-의미 패턴에 따라서, 실험데이터에서 (단백질, 위치) 쌍들을 추출했다. 어떤 생물학적 지식 없이, 본 논문의 방법은 메드라인(Medline) 요약 데이터를 사용한 실험 결과에서 학습데이터에 대해 74.53%의 조화평균(F-measure), 실험데이터에 대해서는 58.90%의 조화평균을 보였다. 이 실험은 기존의 방법들보다 12-25%의 성능향상을 보였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제98권5호
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• pp.548-557
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• 2009

For centuries, forests have been a key component of rural livelihood. They are important both socially and economically in Nepal. Firewood and fodder are the basic forest products that are extracted daily or weekly basis in most of the rural areas in Nepal. In this study, a field survey of 100 households was conducted to examine the degree of forest dependency and forest resource availability, households' livelihood strategy and their relationship with forest dependency in Chitwan, Nepal. A household' response indexes were constructed, Gini coefficient, Head Count Poverty Index (HCI) and Poverty Gap Index (PGI) were calculated and one way ANOVA test was also performed for data analysis. Data revealed that 82/81% of all households were constantly used forest for firewood and fodder collection respectively while 42% of households were used forest or forest fringe for grazing. The Forest Product Availability Indexes (FPAI) showed a sharp decline of forest resources from 0.781 to 0.308 for a 20-yr time horizon while timber wood was noticeably lowered than the other products. Yet, about 33% of households were below the poverty threshold line with 0.0945 PGI. Income distribution among the household showed a lower Gini coefficient 0.25 than 0.37 of landholdings size. However, mean income was significantly varies with F-statistics=246.348 at P=0.05 between income groups (rich, medium and poor). The extraction of firewood, fodder and other forest products were significantly different between the income group with F-statistics=16.480, 19.930, 29.956 at P=0.05 respectively. Similarly, landholdings size and education were also significantly different between the income groups with F-statistics=4.333, 5.981 at P=0.05 respectively. These findings suggested that income status of households was the major indicator of forest dependency while poor and medium groups were highly dependent on the forests for firewood, fodder and other products. Forest dependency still remains high and the availability of forest products that can be extracted from the remaining forestlands is decreasing. The high dependency of households on forest coupled with other socioeconomic attributes like education, poverty, small landholders and so on were possibly caused the forest degradation in Chitwan.Therefore, policy must be directed towards the poor livelihood supporting agenda that may enhance the financial conditions of rural households while it could reduce the degree of forest dependency inspired with other income generating activities in due course.