• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine effects of different selenium (Se) sources on performance, carcass characteristics, blood measures (whole blood Se concentration and plasma glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity), and Se concentrations in tissues of finishing Hanwoo steers (Korean native steers). Twenty finishing Hanwoo steers (average body weight=536${\pm}$23.4 kg, average age=approximately 20 months) were allotted to treatments in four groups of five steers per pen for 16 weeks preceding slaughter. Treatments were control (CON), spent mushroom composts from Se-enriched mushrooms (Se-SMC), selenized yeast (Se-Y), and sodium selenite (SS). Dietary Se levels of all treatments except CON were 0.9 mg Se/kg on the dry matter basis. Body weight was measured at the first and final day of trial, and blood samples were collected to analyze whole blood Se concentration and plasma GSH-Px activity at 2, 4, 8, and 16 weeks. At the end of trial, steers were slaughtered to collect muscle and liver samples for their Se analyses, and carcass data were recorded. In terms of dry matter intake, body weight gain and carcass characteristics, no significant differences among treatments were observed. Whole blood Se concentrations were significantly higher (p<0.05) for Se-SMC and Se-Y treatments than for CON at each collection period, with no significant difference between SS and CON. For weeks 2 and 8, there was no significant difference for whole blood Se concentration between Se-SMC and Se-Y, but for weeks 4 and 16, Se-Y treatments were significantly higher (p<0.05) than Se-SMC. No differences were observed for plasma GSH-Px activity between Se-SMC and Se-Y. The Se concentrations in hind leg and liver were significantly different among treatments (p<0.05) and those in both tissues ranked the greatest in Se-Y, followed by Se-SMC, SS, and CON treatments. However, tissue Se concentration for SS was not different from that for CON. These results showed that feeding organic Se sources such as Se-SMC and Se-Y enhanced Se concentration in tissues, while SS, the most common supplement of inorganic Se, was inefficient in Se deposition. Even though Se-Y had a higher Se concentration in tissues than Se-SMC, replacing Se-Y with Se-SMC in diets of beef steers would be an inexpensive way to increase Se concentration in beef.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.77-97
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• 1994

The circadian system represents a temporal order which is mediated by the mutual coupling of oscillators and by the synchronizing effects of zeitgebers. It is known that well-being of man depends partly on the maintenance of this order, and that repeated or long lasting disturbances to it such as shift work will Cause harmful effects. This study was a quasi-experimental study to test the effect of shift directions for the clinical nurses on the circadian rhythm. Fourteen nurses working at the general units of Y hospital were selected according to the established criteria. Fourteen subjects were assigned to a weekly shift but the directions of shift work were phase delay first and then phase advance or vice versa. Oral temperature, total sleeping time, frequency of sleep-wake cycle, fatigue, mental performance, and physical symptom were measured during these days except holidays. The data collection period was from April 26, 1993 to July 3, 1993. MANOVA and Wilcoxon signed rank test were used for statistical analysis. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Having worked on evening and night shifts in either phase delay or phase advance schedules, temperature rhythms of shift workers were gradually adapted to the new sleep-wake cycles. A complete adaptation to work on the night shift was achieved the sixth day of the night shift in the phase delay schedule compared to the partial adaptation to the work on the night shift in the phase advance schedule. Accordingly, by putting evening shift between day and night shifts, it will be possible for circadian rhythm to adapt easily to the night shift. 2. There were differences in the total sleeping time, frequency of steep-wake cycle, fatigue, and physical symptom except for mental performance between night shift and day, evening shift. This indicates further that shift workers working on the night shift have a hard time adapting to the shift work compared to the other shifts. 3. Evaluating all the acrophases of temperature rhythm either in phase delay or phase ad-vance schedules, it was shown that night to evening shift in the phase ad-vance schedule revealed the smallest phase move. Also phase advance schedule showed poorer adaptation to shift work than phase delay schedule in connection with total sleeping time, frequency of sleep-wake cycle, fatigue, mental performance, and physical symptom. It is suggested, taken together, these findings reflect that phase delay schedule facilitated the degree of adjustment to the shift work compared to the phase advance schedule.

• 대한디지털의료영상학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2013

Purpose : Fixed way of mAs previously Low Extremity Computed Tomography Angiography(LECTA) examination were used. Automatic Current Selection(ACS) to use for the purpose of reducing the dose when Low Extremity Computed Tomography Angiography examining patients. Materials and methods : Were analyzed from July 2011 to July 2012 MDCT examination of Dose Length Product(DLP) LECTA 116 Case. It was defined as previous inspection methods(Old protocol). CT workstation is set to 100 mAs and 150 mAs protocol based on the patient's weight 70kg examined by LECTA. We defined as 'New protocol' that applies to ACS. The data collection period are 76 cases from October 2012 to January 2013 Results : 1. Average Total DLP of 'Old protocol' is 3602.943 $mGy^*cm$. 2. Average Total DLP of 'New protocol' is 1762.977 $mGy^*cm$. 3. Due to the 'New Protocol' use of Total DLP was reduced by approximately 51 %. Phase-specific dose reduction is as follows. Pre(33.62 %), Artery(64.63 %), Delay(49.0 %) 4. Using One way ANOVA Analysis of fluctuations obtained DLP is as follows. 'Old protocol', 'New protocol' a value of P < 0.001, P = 0.882 values were obtained. Conclusions : Dose reduction of 51 % is a useful study that proves. The results obtained using the ACS, the effects of a dose reduction of 51 % was obtained. Therefore, it has been proven to be a useful way. Statistics using SPSS version came out of the 'Old protocol' P-value P < 0.0001. This result means that the DLP a large difference values. On the other hand, The results of the 'New protocol' was P = 0.882. These results means to that small and regularly was fluctuations of the dose. The use of ACS, you can get a reduction of the dose and will able to get the effect of reducing the dose errors.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.2150-2159
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• 2014

본 연구는 서울 경기지역의 치과에 내원한 389명의 환자를 대상으로 교정치료 및 안면성형 수술에 대한 실태를 조사하고자 하였다. 자료수집 후 spss 통계프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 교정치료경험이 있는 환자의 치열만족도가 높게 나타났고(p<0.01), 여자가 남자보다 301-400만원이 적당한 교정치료 비용이라고 높게 인식하고 있었으며(p<0.05) 교정치료 경험이 있는 환자가 19-24개월 이하를 적절한 교정치료 기간으로 인식하고 있었다(p<0.01). 또한 여자가 남자보다 교정치료 검진 필요성(p<0.001), 안면성형수술 경험(p<0.01)이 높게 나타났다. 안면성형수술 희망부위에서는 여자가 눈 수술이(p<0.01), 교정치료 경험이 있는 환자에서는 코 수술이 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 한편, 여자가 안면 부위 중 눈을 가장 중요하게 인식하고 있었으며(p<0.001), 안면성형 부위 중 양악을 치과에서 해야 한다고 높게 인식하고 있었다(p<0.01). 결론적으로 임상에서 교정치료 및 안면성형을 희망하는 환자 상담 시 성별 및 개인의 요구를 파악하여 진료에 반영하고 특히 안면성형 중 양악수술은 구강의 기능을 고려해야 하므로 치과의료진의 참여가 필수적이라 사료된다.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.45-51
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• 1991

The purpose of this study is to investigate the stress and coping level as a result of dysmenorrhea which was experienced by girls. For the collection of data, the girls from the 1st to the 3rd grade in middle school in Seoul were selected through a random sampling technique. The survey was conducted from the 1st. to the 14th of June, 1991 by the use of questionnaires made after a pilot study. The final subjects for analysis were restricted to only those who had experienced me~arche, the number of which totaled 1,131. The stress, coping level, and other variables, were tested and analysed by descriptive statistics (eg, frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation), t-test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation coefficients. The obtained results are summarized as follows. 1. The chronological start for menarche was at a mean age of 13.1 The respondents who had experienced menarche numbered $70.9\%$ of the 1st grades and $96.2\%$ of the 2nd grades in middle school, otherwise the starting age for menarche was in the 4th grade in primary school. 2. Their menstrual cycle and period were longer than adult's one. The number of students studied who had experienced dysmenorrhea during their menstrual cycle were 860, and 650 of those revealed that their mothers or sisters had experienced similar problems. 3. The subjects who were late or head left early rather than being absent from school every menstruation cycle were more stressful. The results are thought to show that the girl's perception of dysmenorrhea seems to be more sensitive than adult's one. 4, A significant negative correlation was found between the perception of menstrual flow and strees level. It means that an increase in the stress of dysmenorrhea was associated with decreased menstrual bleeding. The degree of hypochondrical concern assessed by the girls was significantly correlated to stress and coping level. When the girls perceived high stress as a result of dysmenorrhea, they worried about their physical health more. The above results lead us to the suggestion that the starting point of early education with a school program is appropriate for the 4th grade in primary school. Especially if the girls in middle school should be required to give the information about correct knowledge and sufficient self -care management of menstruation monthly, if this could be implemented the loss in school days among the students due to dysmenorrhea would be minimized with more ease.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.179-199
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• 2017

이 연구는 현상학적 연구방법을 통해 결혼이주여성의 전문대학 학습경험 의미를 탐색하는 것이다. 즉, 결혼이주여성의 전문대학 진학 동기와 진학 후 학교생활을 통한 학습경험 의미는 무엇인지? 그리고 학습경험 이후의 삶에 대한 기대의미는 구조적으로 어떠한지를 탐색한 것이다. 연구 참여자는 거주기간이 10~18년차인 도농지역 결혼이주여성 6명을 연구의 질적 보증이 가능하도록 Miles & Huberman (1994)이 제시한 "의도적 표본 추출 전략" 방법으로 선정하였다. 이들을 대상으로 심층면담과 추가면담 및 관찰과정을 통하여 자료를 수집하였다. 이의 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 결혼이주여성의 전문대학 진학 동기는 자신의 꿈 실현, 당당한 부모상 찾기, 안정된 가정경제 추구, 전문 직업 갖기, 진로결정의 수단으로 탐색되었다. 둘째 이들의 진학 후 학습경험의 의미는 의사소통 능력증진, 가족관계에서의 자아상 확립, 자녀양육에 대한 자신감, 가족건강생활 증진, 인간관계증진, 배움을 통한 평생학습 인간이 됨으로 탐색되었다. 셋째, 미래의 삶과 관계 짓는 의미 구조로는 경제적으로 안정된 삶을 추구해 나가는 주체적 삶, 배움의 가치추구를 통한 한국인으로서의 당당함과 인간답게 사는 삶을 기대하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권10호
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• pp.151-157
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• 2018

교통분야에 활용되는 여러 가지 센서 중에서 PVDF(Polyvinylidene fluoride) 압전센서는 차량의 축을 검지할 수 있기 때문에 차종을 분류하여 수집하는 용도로 쓰인다. 압전센서는 주로 도로 포장에 매립하여 설치되는 형태로 교통 하중과 온도 하중에 항상 노출되므로, 평균 수명이 6년 이내로 매우 짧다. 또한 설치와 유지보수에 교통통제가 필요하고, 고장 기간 동안 데이터 수집도 중단된다. 센서의 설치 깊이를 늘린다면 교통 하중 및 온도중의 영향이 줄어들 것이고, 센서설치가 포장에 미치는 영향도 축소되어 수명의 연장을 기대할 수 있을 것이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 설치 깊이에 따른 센서 신호의 출력을 분석하여, 센서 제조사에서 제시한 설치 깊이인 1cm 보다 더 깊게 설치할 수 있는 가능성을 확인하였다. 추가로, 윤하중의 크기, 속도 등 다양한 변수에 따른 압전 센서의 출력 신호도 분석하였다. 윤하중은 APT를 이용하여 재하 하였다. 실험 결과, MSI BL센서는 3cm 에 설치해도 안정적으로 데이터를 수집 할 수 있는 100mV 이상의 신호가 출력되었다. 3cm 깊이에 설치한다면 센서의 기대수명 또한 증가할 것으로 예상된다. 하지만 MSI cable은 가장 얕은 1cm 깊이에서도 100mV 이하의 신호가 출력되어 현장 적용이 불가능 하다는 것이 밝혀졌다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2020

본 연구는 세계적인 선수를 대상으로 남자 기계체조 도마 종목에서 로페즈 기술을 수행했을 때 성공 동작과 실패 동작에 따라 운동학적 차이를 비교 분석하였다. 연구대상은 올림픽 금메달리스트 YHS 선수(나이: 27세, 신장: 160cm, 체중: 53kg중)이였고, 14대의 적외선 고속카메라를 이용하여 도마 동작을 촬영하였다. 원하는 동작 자료획득과 분석을 위해 19mm 반사 마커 26개를 해부학적 주요지점에 부착시켰고, 15개 분절 신체모델을 사용하여 운동학적 변인 계산을 실시하였다. 분석 결과 첫째, 구름판 접촉구간에서 성공 동작의 소요시간이 실패 동작보다 길었으며, 성공 동작은 슬관절의 가동범위를 실패 동작보다 크게 하였다. 둘째, 제1비약에서 성공 동작과 실패 동작의 소요시간은 동일하였다. 성공 동작은 실패 동작보다 짧은 수평이동을 했으며, 높은 수직위치와 도마 착지각을 보였다. 셋째, 도마 접촉구간에서 성공 동작의 소요시간이 실패 동작보다 짧았다. 성공 동작은 도마접촉 순간에 실패 동작보다 좌측 견관절각을 크게 하였다. 넷째, 제2비약에서는 성공 동작의 소요시간이 실패 동작보다 길었으며, 긴 수평이동을 나타냈다. 성공 동작은 도마이륙 순간 우측 견관절각을 크게 하였고, 비틀기 각속도는 빨랐다. 종합하면 YHS 선수가 안정적인 로페즈 기술을 구사하기 위해서는 도마접촉 순간에 높은 자세로 진입하여 도마이륙 순간에서는 우측 견관절각을 크게하여 빠른 비틀기 각속도를 만들어야 한다. 최대높이와 착지 순간에서는 좌·우견관절각을 작게하여 관성모멘트를 줄이고 신체중심을 낮춰야 할 필요가 있다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.818-829
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• 2013

The collection of rainwater samples was made at Jeju area during 2009~2010, and the major ionic species were analyzed. In the comparison of ion balance, conductivity, and acid fraction for the validation of analytical data, the correlation coefficients showed a good linear relationship within the range of 0.966~0.990. The volume-weighted mean pH and electric conductivity were 4.9 and $17.8{\mu}S/cm$, respectively, at the Jeju area. The volume-weighted mean concentrations of ionic species in rainwater were in the order of $Cl^-$ > $Na^+$ > $nss-SO_4{^{2-}}$ > $NH_4{^+}$ > $NO_3{^-}$ > $Mg^{2+}$ > $H^+$ > $nss-Ca^{2+}$ > $HCOO^-$ > $K^+$ > $PO_4{^{3-}}$ > $CH_3COO^-$ > $NO_2{^-}$ > $F^-$ > $HCO_3{^-}$ > $CH_3SO_3{^-}$. The ionic strength of rainwater was $0.26{\pm}0.21$ mM during the study period. The composition ratios of ionic species were such as 50.1% for the marine sources ($Na^+$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Cl^-$), 30.9% for the anthropogenic sources ($NH_4{^+}$, $nss-SO_4{^{2-}}$, $NO_3{^-}$), and 4.7% for the soil source ($nss-Ca^{2+}$), and 3.1% for organic acids ($HCOO^-$, $CH_3COO^-$). From the seasonal comparison, the concentrations of $NO_3{^-}$, $nss-Ca^{2+}$, and $nss-SO_4{^{2-}}$ increased in winter and spring seasons, indicating a reasonable possibility of long range transport from Asia continent. Especially, the acidifying contributions by major inorganic acids ($nss-SO_4{^{2-}}$ and $NO_3{^-}$) and organic acids ($HCOO^-$ and $CH_3COO^-$) were 87.6% and 12.4%, respectively. In comparison by sectional inflow pathway of air mass during the rainy sampling days, the concentrations of $nss-SO_4{^{2-}}$ and $NO_3{^-}$ were relatively high when the air mass was moved from the China continent into Jeju area.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.506-513
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• 2020

기후변화로 인해 해수면상승, 태풍, 집중강우 등 두 가지 이상의 복합적인 원인으로 발생하는 복합재난 위험이 증가하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구의 대상지역인 부산 마린시티는 과거 수영만 매립지에 조성된 주거지 중심의 신도시로서, 최근 태풍과 해일 및 월파의 복합 원인으로 대규모 침수피해가 발생한 바 있다. 이와 같은 복합재난에 대비하기 위해서는 위험성 평가를 통해 재난 대비에 대한 우선 순위를 정하고 이에 따른 대비책을 세울 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 위험성 평가를 위해 평가프레임을 수립하고, 침수예측 자료와 국가공인 사회경제적 위험요소 자료를 수집하였다. 사회경제적 위험요소는 인구, 지하시설, 건물, 인도, 도로의 5가지로서, 최대 침수심에 대한 각 요소의 절대기준을 마련하여 평가하였다. 그리고 요소별 가중치 설정을 위하여 전문가 설문을 적용하였다. 평가결과는 관심, 주의, 경계, 위험 4단계로써, 2100년의 해수면상승과 재현주기 100년 빈도의 폭풍해일 및 확률강우를 가지는 시나리오에서 관심등급 43 %, 주의등급 24 %, 경계등급 21 %, 위험등급 11 %로 각각 나타났다. 각 등급은 색상별로 구분하여 복합재난 위험지도를 작성하였다.