• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.535-542
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• 2007

Background : Repeated dis/re-connection of implant abutment caused bone loss around implant fixtures due to the new formation of biologic width of the mucosal-implant barrier. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate whether the repeated dis/re-connection of implant abutment cause bone loss clinically and the effect of cleansing methods on a bone loss during the early healing period. Methods : A total 50 implants were installed in 20 patients and repeated dis/re-connection of abutment was performed at the time of surgery and once per week for 12 weeks. 0.9% normal saline solution as group1 and 0.1% chlorhexidine solution as group 2 was used to clean abutments. All patients had radiographs taken at the placement of implant and 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. The data for bone loss around implant were analyzed. Results: The marginal bone loss at 12 weeks were $1.28{\pm}0.51mm$, $1,32{\pm}0,57mm$ in the mesial and distal sides in group1, $1.94{\pm}0.75mm$, $1.81{\pm}0.84mm$ in group 2, respectively. In view of marginal bone loss, there was not a significant statistical difference between groups. Conclusions : Repeated dis/re-connection of implant abutment may not cause marginal bone loss around implant fixture although limited samples and short-term observation period. In spite of more bone loss in group 2, there was no statistical significant difference between groups. In context of those results, the clinical significance of the repeated dis/re-connection of implant abutment and the cleansing method of abutments is debatable when it comes to marginal bone loss during early healing period.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.139-145
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• 2012

PURPOSE. To evaluate the shear bond strength of resin luting agent to dentin surfaces cleansed with different agents like pumice, ultrasonic scaler with chlorhexidine gluconate, EDTA and the influence of these cleansing methods on wetting properties of the dentin by Axisymmetric drop Shape Analysis - Contact Diameter technique (ADSA-CD). MATERIALS AND METHODS. Forty coronal portions of human third molar were prepared until dentin was exposed. Specimens were divided into two groups: Group A and Group B. Provisional restorations made with autopolymerizing resin were luted to dentin surface with zinc oxide eugenol in Group A and with freegenol cement in Group B. All specimens were stored in distilled water at room temperature for 24 hrs and provisional cements were mechanically removed with explorer and rinsed with water and cleansed using various methods (Control-air-water spray, Pumice prophylaxis, Ultrasonic scaler with 0.2% Chlorhexidine gluconate, 17% EDTA). Contact angle measurements were performed to assess wettability of various cleansing agents using the ADSA-CD technique. Bond strength of a resin luting agent bonded to the cleansed surface was assessed using Instron testing machine and the mode of failure noted. SEM was done to assess the surface cleanliness. Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance with Tukey HSD tests (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. Specimens treated with EDTA showed the highest shear bond strength and the lowest contact angle for both groups. SEM showed that EDTA was the most effective solution to remove the smear layer. Also, mode of failure seen was predominantly cohesive for both EDTA and pumice prophylaxis. CONCLUSION. EDTA was the most effective dentin cleansing agent among the compared groups.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-49
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of walking on discomfort and colon cleansing for patients having a colon lavage solution before colonoscopy. Methods: This study was a nonequivalent control group post test design. The participants were 89 patients (experimental group: 47, control group: 42) who underwent colonoscopy at G hospital in Incheon. The two groups put on step counter for an hour while taking the colon lavage solution. The experimental group was made up of patients who walked over 3,000 steps and the control group of those who walked less than 3,000 steps. Discomfort was measured using VAS and colon cleansing was measured by a specialist. Collected data were analyzed using $x^2-test$, t-test with SPSS/PC+ window version 15.0. Results: Walking while taking the colon lavage solution decreases abdominal pain before colonoscopy. Also one hour after taking the colon lavage solution, decreased nausea, abdominal pain and discomfort were found in the group which walked over 3,000 steps. Concluson: Based on the above findings, adequate walking can be used as a nursing intervention to increase comfort in patients undergoing colonoscopy.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.342-344
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• 2018

본 논문에서는 기존 오 결측 데이터 분석 기법인 평균 대체법, 상관계수 수치분석, 그래프 상관성 분석 및 통계 전문가 분석 등 통계적 방법으로 대체 가능성을 조사하여 정수처리 공정에서 계측되는 각종 이상 데이터를 정제하기 위한 방법을 다양한 분석연구로 진행하였다. 또한 물 정보 데이터 오 결측 저감 정제 알고리즘의 신뢰성 및 검증에 있어 분위수 패턴과 딥러닝 기반의 LSTM 알고리즘으로 동작하는 시스템을 모델링하고, Keras, Theano, Tensorflow 등의 오픈 소스 라이브러리로 구현할 수 있는 체계를 연구하였다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.119-130
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• 2011

데이터 품질관리 관점에서 볼 때, 데이터의 품질은 품질정책, 품질조직, 업무프로세스, 업무규칙 등 여러 요인에 의해 영향을 받는다. 이중에서도 업무규칙은 실제 데이터를 조작하는 행위의 지침이 되는 것으로써 데이터 품질에 직접적인 영향을 미친다. 여러 기관의 데이터베이스를 통합하여 단일의 데이터베이스를 구축하는 경우에는 더 신중하게 업무규칙을 수립할 필요가 있다. 분산된 데이터베이스 내에 있는 데이터를 단일의 데이터베이스로 통합한다는 것은 단순히 데이터의 통합만을 의미하는 것이 아니라 상이한 스키마, 코드 체계, 데이터 표준 등을 사전에 고려해야 함을 의미한다. 이런 요소들을 고려하더라도 데이터 자체는 형식, 단위, 표현 등에 따라서 다양한 모습을 가진다. 결국 데이터베이스의 구조적인 문제와 데이터 자체의 의미적인 문제가 데이터베이스 통합과 통합된 데이터베이스 내 데이터의 품질 제고를 위한 선결 과제라 할 수 있다. 이러한 문제들을 해결하기 위해서는 먼저 통합 시 통합 모델의 설계가 필요하고, 통합된 데이터베이스의 데이터에 대한 정제가 필요하다. 범부처적으로 분산되어 있는 국가R&D정보를 수집하여 서비스하는 국가과학기술종합정보서비스(NTIS)도 여러 기관에 존재하는 데이터베이스를 연계 통합하여 단일의 데이터베이스를 구축하였다. NTIS의 사례를 통해 체계적인 통합 모델 수립과 정제에 의해 통합된 데이터베이스의 데이터는 그렇지 않은 데이터보다 정확도 측면에서 품질이 제고되었음이 입증되었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.151-167
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• 2013

Prediction of concrete properties is an important issue for structural engineers and different methods are developed for this purpose. Most of these methods are based on experimental data and use measured data for parameter estimation. Three typical methods of output estimation are Categorized Linear Regression (CLR), Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN). In this paper a statistical cleansing method based on CLR is introduced. Afterwards, MLR and ANN approaches are also employed to predict the compressive strength of structural lightweight aggregate concrete. The valid input domain is briefly discussed. Finally the results of three prediction methods are compared to determine the most efficient method. The results indicate that despite higher accuracy of ANN, there are some limitations for the method. These limitations include high sensitivity of method to its valid input domain and selection criteria for determining the most efficient network.

• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2017년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.501-503
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• 2017

수도분야에서는 정수장 및 관말 관로 상의 전 공정에서 유량, 압력, 수질, 수위 등 다양한 데이터를 수집하고 있다. 수집되는 데이터는 각 정수장 DB에 저장되며, 권역별 DB에서 합쳐져 수자원공사 본사의 DB 서버에 최종 저장된다. 측정기기가 데이터를 측정하거나 여러 과정에 걸쳐 데이터가 통신될 때 다양한 이상 데이터가 발생할 수 있으며 크게 결측 데이터와 오측 데이터로 분류할 수 있다. 각각의 이상 데이터의 발생원인은 상이하다. 따라서 오측 및 결측 데이터를 검출하는 방식에는 차이가 있으나 실제 이를 정제하는 방식은 동일하다. 본 연구에서는 딥러닝 알고리즘의 일종인 LSTM(Long Short Term Memory) 방식을 적용하여 오 결측 데이터를 자동으로 정제할 수 있는 프로그램에 대하여 고찰한다.

• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.532-543
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• 1999

This study was conducted to provide the basic data necessary for the improvement of the teaching method for basic nursing practice as well as the effectiveness of the practice by examining the students' competency in cleansing enema after doing the self study instead of the traditional education. To examine the competency in cleansing enema after the self study, this study is an one group pretest-posttest design that subjects did the enema practice through the self study. The subjects were 89 sophomore students at Y University. College of Nursing. In basic nursing lab practice class, cleansing enema self study module was given to the students which was developed by the researcher based on the literature review and asked them to finish doing the pre study and checking the self study evaluation criteria after reading the goal, learning activities and theoretical guideline. After watching the video tape, students practiced the process in the module by themselves. For the competency in cleansing enema. repeated autonomous practices were done during the open lab other than the regular class. Whenever the practice was done, the frequency and time were measure and documented. When the student felt confident through repeated practices, the competency was evaluated by the researcher and two assistants based on the evaluation criteria. And the process was repeated till the student could perform all the items on evaluation criteria completely. The data were collected for 42 days from Oct. 15 to Nov. 26 in 1996. Collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, Pearson correlation coefficient and variance analysis. The results are summarized as follows : 1. 43.2% of the students were favorable to nursing and 63.6% like lecture, but 71.6% like practice. So they were more interested in practice than in lecture. 2. 62.3% of the students scored high in written test, 97.8% scored high in practice. So the practice score was better. 3. The frequency of repeated practice to pass the test ranged from 1 to 4 and the average is 2.2. 4. The average time needed in preparation and the performance was nearly the same regardless of the frequency. It took 5 to 38 minutes for those who passed the test after practicing once and the average was 16 minutes. 5 to 60 minutes were taken for those who practiced twice to pass the test and the average was 21 minutes. Those who passed the test after three practices needed 8 to 30 minutes and the average was 15 minutes, which was similar to the time that the students who passed the test for the first trial. Only one student passed the test after 4 practices and it took 10 minutes. 5. 64% of the students agreed that the context and the content of the module were appropriate for the self study and 68.2% were satisfied. And 71.9% said that the module helped them to practice the enema self study 6. Though only 42% of the students were satisfied with the video. 50.6% said that it was helpful for the self study. 7. 52.3% of the students were satisfied with the self study method, and 86.6% obtained self-confidence when performing the enema. 8. The lower the student's practice score was, the more practices were needed for them to pass the test(r=-.213, P<.05). As a result, for performing the enema practice competently, two or more practice opportunities were needed to be given. And it is possible to obtain the less complex nursing skills through the self study, when enough learning resources and assistance such as learning guidance or video tapes are provided. Based on this study. I want to suggest that. 1. There must be college policy that can support the new method instead of the traditional learning method for the students to attain the proficiency in basic nursing skills. 2. The assistant materials should be developed as soon as possible to promote the self study of basic nursing skills.

• 정보처리학회논문지:소프트웨어 및 데이터공학
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• 제10권7호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2021

매년 동절기 블랙아이스(Black Ice)로 인한 사고는 빈번하게 발생하고 있으며, 치사율은 다른 교통사고에 비해 매우 높다. 따라서 블랙아이스 발생 구간을 사전에 예측하기 위한 체계화된 방법이 필요하다. 이에 본 논문에서는 이질(heterogeneous)·다형(diverse)의 데이터를 활용한 블랙아이스 발생 구간 예측 모델을 제안한다. 이를 위해 국토 교통 공공데이터와 기상 공공데이터 42종의 12,574,630건을 수집하여, 결측값을 처리하고 정규화하는 등의 전처리 과정을 수행한 뒤 최종 약 60만여 건의 정제 데이터셋을 구축하였다. 수집된 요인들의 상관관계를 분석하여 블랙아이스 예측에 유효한 영향을 주는 21개 요인을 선별, 다양한 학습모델을 조합하는 방법을 통해 블랙아이스 발생 예측 모델을 구현하였다. 이를 통해 개발된 예측 모델은 최종적으로 노선별 블랙아이스 위험지수 도출에 사용되어 블랙아이스 발생 경고 서비스를 위한 사전 연구로 활용될 것이다.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제24권67호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2001

Data warehouse(DW) manages all information in a Enterprise and also offers the specific information to users. However, it might be difficult to develope an effective DW system due to varieties in computing facilities, data base, and operating systems. The heterogeneous system environments make it harder to extract data and to provide proper information to usesr in real time. Also commonly occurred is data inconsistency of non-integrated legacy system, which requires an effective and efficient data extraction flow control as well as data cleansing. We design the integrated automatic ETT(Extraction Transformation Transportation) system to control data extraction flow and suggest implementation methodology. Detail analysis and design are given to specify the proposed ETT approach with a real implementation.