• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• 제81권3호
• /
• pp.175-186
• /
• 2018

Pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Since 2014, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) has assessed the overall quality of care among hospitalized adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) provided by all medical institutions in Korea. A committee of the Korea Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases developed the hospital inpatient quality measures set for CAP consisting of eight core measures and five monitoring measures. The composite measure score was calculated. The medical records of hospitalized adult patients ages 18 years or more with CAP from October to December 2014 were evaluated. The data of 523 hospitals (42 tertiary hospitals [8.0%], 256 general hospitals [49%], and 225 hospitals [43.0%]) and 15,432 cases (tertiary hospitals, 1,673 cases [10.8%]; general hospitals, 8,803 cases [57.1%]; hospitals, 4,956 cases [32.1%]) were analyzed. We found large variations among institutions in terms of performance of care measures for CAP. For the composite measure score, the mean value was 66.7 (tertiary hospitals, 98.5; general hospitals, 79.2; hospitals, 43.8). Despite significant differences in measure scores between tertiary, general hospitals and hospitals, no significant differences were found in mortality between hospitals. Further studies are needed to determine the care measures appropriate for CAP.

• 지역사회간호학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.197-208
• /
• 2004

Purpose: This study was to develop an effective evaluation tool for evaluation of hypertension prevention and management program(HPMP) in community health posts (CHPs). Method: Evaluation tool composed from the literature review, the field visiting, and the in-depth interviews with the community health practitioners. Result: The evaluation tool had four domains, each with different maximum points:, hypertension prevention (35), hypertension management (40), environment of the CHPs(10), and evaluation system of the HPMP(15). The first domain was hypertension prevention with sub-domains of health education, and early detection of patients with hypertension. The second domain was hypertension management with sub-domains of management of health records of patients, education and counseling, and treatment and follow-up of patients. The third domain was the environment of the CHPs with subdomains of accessibility of CHPs to residents, accessibility of general health data to the public, and availability of health information to the public by multimedia. The fourth domain was the evaluation system of the HPMP with the subdomains of planning of program, formative evaluation, process evaluation, and summative evaluation. Conclusion: The newly developed evaluation tool will contribute not only to plan and set goals for evaluation of HPMP in CHPs.

• Advances in concrete construction
• /
• 제9권4호
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 2020

In the present study, by employing fragility analysis, the seismic vulnerability of a concrete girder bridge, one of the most common existing structural bridge systems, has been performed. To this end, drift demand model as a fundamental ingredient of any probabilistic decision-making analyses is initially developed in terms of the two most common intensity measures, i.e., PGA and Sa (T₁). Developing a probabilistic demand model requires a reliable database that is established in this paper by performing incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) under a set of 20 ground motion records. Next, by employing Bayesian statistical inference drift demand models are developed based on pre-collapse data obtained from IDA. Then, the accuracy and reasonability of the developed models are investigated by plotting diagnosis graphs. This graphical analysis demonstrates probabilistic demand model developed in terms of PGA is more reliable. Afterward, fragility curves according to PGA based-demand model are developed.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권8호
• /
• pp.723-733
• /
• 2020

The study investigates the effects of online instructional facilitator's qualities on student performance of online class activities. The study explores the roles of instructional facilitators who may influence student performance of online class activities and their academic achievement. The study employs a set of aggregated data from 1,362 subjects and 10 facilitators who participated in multiple online classes. The results of independent samples t-test reveal that the student performance in online classes has no association with facilitators' educational background or academic degree, as well as demographic characteristics, student evaluation records and instructional achievement. The results of multiple regression analysis show that the facilitator engagement has a positive relation to the enhancement of student interaction, reading discussion messages, and the quality of discussion messages in online discussions. The results of correlation analysis show that the facilitator engagement has a positive impact on both increasing the number of reading discussion messages and enhancing the quality of discussion messages. The facilitator engagement increases the quantity of reading discussion postings and enhances the quality of discussion messages, which would be a substantial contribution to student performance by facilitators. The findings suggest that student performance and academic achievement in online classes are not independent of facilitator engagement.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
• /
• 제22권9호
• /
• pp.1108-1121
• /
• 2019

As the quality and level of life rise, many people are doing search for various pieces of information about tourism. In addition, users prefer the search methods reflecting individual opinions such as SNS and blogs to the official websites of tourist destination. Many of previous studies focused on a recommendation system for tourist courses based on the GPS information and past travel records of users, but such a system was not capable of recommending the latest tourist trends. This study thus set out to collect and analyze the latest SNS data to recommend tourist destination of high interest among users. It also aimed to propose an altered TSP algorithm to recommend the optimal routes to the recommended destination within an area and a system to recommend the optimal tourist courses by applying the Elasticsearch engine. The altered TSP algorithm proposed in the study used the location information of users instead of Dijkstra's algorithm technique used in previous studies to select a certain tourist destination and allowed users to check the recommended courses for the entire tourist destination within an area, thus offering more diverse tourist destination recommendations than previous studies.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제33권7호
• /
• pp.1057-1067
• /
• 2020

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of pedigree errors (PEs) on the accuracy of estimated breeding value (EBV) and genetic gain for carcass traits in Korean Hanwoo cattle. Methods: The raw data set was based on the pedigree records of Korean Hanwoo cattle. The animals' information was obtained using Hanwoo registration records from Korean animal improvement association database. The record comprised of 46,704 animals, where the number of the sires used was 1,298 and the dams were 38,366 animals. The traits considered were carcass weight (CWT), eye muscle area (EMA), back fat thickness (BFT), and marbling score (MS). Errors were introduced in the pedigree dataset through randomly assigning sires to all progenies. The error rates substituted were 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80%, respectively. A simulation was performed to produce a population of 1,650 animals from the pedigree data. A restricted maximum likelihood based animal model was applied to estimate the EBV, accuracy of the EBV, expected genetic gain, variance components, and heritability (h²) estimates for carcass traits. Correlation of the simulated data under PEs was also estimated using Pearson's method. Results: The results showed that the carcass traits per slaughter year were not consistent. The average CWT, EMA, BFT, and MS were 342.60 kg, 78.76 ㎠, 8.63 mm, and 3.31, respectively. When errors were introduced in the pedigree, the accuracy of EBV, genetic gain and h² of carcass traits was reduced in this study. In addition, the correlation of the simulation was slightly affected under PEs. Conclusion: This study reveals the effect of PEs on the accuracy of EBV and genetic parameters for carcass traits, which provides valuable information for further study in Korean Hanwoo cattle.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제22권7호
• /
• pp.923-930
• /
• 2009

This study was conducted to compare three models: two random regression models with and without considering heterogeneity in the residual variances and a lactation model (LM) for evaluating the genetic ability of Holstein cows in Korea. Two datasets were prepared for this study. To apply the test-day random regression model, 94,390 test-day records were prepared from 15,263 cows. The second data set consisted of 14,704 lactation records covering milk production over 305 days. Raw milk yield and composition data were collected from 1998 to 2002 by the National Agricultural Cooperative Federation' dairy cattle improvement center by way of its milk testing program, which is nationally based. The pedigree information for this analysis was collected by the Korean Animal Improvement Association. The random regression models (RRMs) are single-trait animal models that consider each lactation record as an independent trait. Estimates of covariance were assumed to be different ones. In order to consider heterogeneity of residual variance in the analysis, test-days were classified into 29 classes. By considering heterogeneity of residual variance, variation for lactation performance in the early lactation classes was higher than during the middle classes and variance was lower in the late lactation classes than in the other two classes. This may be due to feeding management system and physiological properties of Holstein cows in Korea. Over classes e6 to e26 (covering 61 to 270 DIM), there was little change in residual variance, suggesting that a model with homogeneity of variance be used restricting the data to these days only. Estimates of heritability for milk yield ranged from 0.154 to 0.455, for which the estimates were variable depending on different lactation periods. Most of the heritabilities for milk yield using the RRM were higher than in the lactation model, and the estimate of genetic variance of milk yield was lower in the late lactation period than in the early or middle periods.

• 지질공학
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.67-76
• /
• 2005

암석의 물리적 특성과 슈미트반발경도 결과로부터 일축압축강도를 예측하기 위한 인공신경망 이론의 적용과 최적 모델 구성에 대하여 연구하였다. 대구지 역의 퇴적암(사암, 셰일) 시료 55개가 사용되었으며, 이들 중 인공신경망 학습을 위하여 45개가 사용되었고 학습결과의 검증을 위하여 10개의 시료가 이용되었다. 인공신경망에 의한 추산 결과와 비교하기 위하여 통계적 방법을 통한 회귀분석을 통하여 역학특성의 상관식을 도출하였으며, 인공신경망의 유효성 검증을 위하여 모델 구축 시 에 사용하지 않은 새로운 자료에 대해 예측을 실시하고 통계적 방법에 의한 결과 및 실내 시험 결과와 비교하였다. 본 연구에 사용한 인공신경망모델에는 백프로퍼게이션 학습 알고리즘(back-propagation teaming algorithm)이 적용되었으며, 인공신경망의 학습효율 및 예측능력에 영향을 미치는 입ㆍ출력층 및 은닉층의 구조, 학습율, 시스템오차율 등을 달리 하며 학습을 시행하였다. 그 결과 통계적 분석보다는 인공신경망의 학습에 의한 예측결과가 더 나은 예측능력을 나타냈다.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.543-555
• /
• 2013

이 연구는 프로골프대회에서 기록되는 중요변인들 (드라이브거리, 페어웨이안착율, 그린적중율, 센드세이브율, 리커버리율, 평균퍼팅수)이 평균타수에 미치는 영향력에 대해 집단 간 차이를 분석하였다. 구체적으로 미국남자프로골프협회 (PGA), 미국여자프로골프협회 (LPGA), 한국남자프로골프투어 (KGT), 그리고 한국여자프로골프투어 (KLPGT)에서 측정, 공개하는 자료를 통해 PGA, LPGA, KPGA, KLPGA 집단 간에 중요변인들이 평균타수에 미치는 경로에 유의한 차이가 있는지를 검증하였다. 그 결과 PGA와 LPGA 모형 간에 드라이브거리와 그린적중율이 평균타수에 미치는 경로가 p <.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, KPGA와 KLPGA 모형 간에는 드라이브거리, 리커버리율, 그리고 평균퍼팅이 평균타수에 미치는 경로가 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 PGA와 KPGA 모형 간에 드라이브거리, 리커버리율, 그리고 평균퍼팅이 평균타수에 미치는 경로가p <.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났으며, LPGA와 KLPGA 모형 간에는 모든 경로에서 p >.05 수준에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이 연구 결과는 남녀 국내 투어와 미국 투어의 골프 경기력의 구조 특성을 이해하는데 필요한 기초자료로 활용 할 수 있을 것이며 향후 투어 진출을 위한 유의한 정보가 될 수 있을 것이다.

• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
• /
• 제51권4호
• /
• pp.170-191
• /
• 2018

그간 국내 고고학계에서는 서양에서 발달했던 고전고고학을 소개하는 차원에만 머물렀을 뿐 개념 정립과 학문적 성과는 미흡했던 것으로 판단한다. 서양에 비해 고고학이 늦게 태동한 한국고고학은 초기부터 "삼국사기"와 "삼국유사"라는 고전을 통하여 고대사 및 관련 유물과 유적에 대한 분석을 해왔으며, 현재에도 조선시대의 고전, 그리고 "삼국지", "후한서" 등 중국의 고전과 "일본서기"를 비롯한 일본의 고전을 적극 활용하고 있다. 그러나 국내 고전이 절대적으로 부족한 상황에서 고대 정치체의 형성, 국가의 교체와 국가간의 교섭과 교류 등에 대해 각론이 많으며, 풀리지 않는 쟁점이 즐비하다. 이 글은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 고전고고학을 환기시킬 필요성을 제안하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 고전의 개념은 광의의 의미에서 '과거에 만들어진 모든 기록물'을 말하며, 협의의 의미는 '전통적으로 옛 책의 분류법을 따른 과거의 기록물'을 말한다. 고전에 담겨진 내용을 분석하여 고고자료를 해석하고 과거문화를 연구하는 분야가 고전고고학이다. 본고에서는 고전의 범주를 넓게 설정하고, 그 중 "공자가어"를 통해 고전고고학에서 고전이 의미있게 활용될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 고전고고학에서 고전을 이용하는 방법으로는 여러 기관 및 단체에서 관리하고 있는 고전 DB에 대해 빅데이터 분석기법을 적용한다면 유의미한 성과를 도출할 수 있을 것으로 생각한다.