• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.265-273
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• 2000

Purpose : The aim of this study was to evaluate the bone mineral density of iliac and tibial bone which are frequently selected as autogenic bone graft donor sites, and to evaluate the efficiency of this method as a guideline for the selection of bone graft donor site. Materials and Methods : In this study 61 male and 70 female volunteers at Chungbuk National University Hospital were involved between Jan. 1998 to Sept. 1999. We measured bone mineral density of the iliac and the tibial bone using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. We evaluated the data using the SAS system for Windows and bone mineral density of the lumbar was used for control. Results : Age showed the highest correlation in correlation matrix between physical and bone variables. Height and weight showed lower correlation of linear increment. In man, the change of bone density according to age demonstrated linear decrease irrespective of the lumbar, ilium, and tibia. In woman, the change of bone density according to age showed cubic form, which increased in the third and forth decade. So it had a peak bone mass on about 35 year-old, thereafter, the change of bone density slowly decreased until 50 year-old, but it rapidly decreased after 50 year-old and it slowly decreased again after 65 year-old. Both in all subjects and subject with osteoporosis, the change of bone mineral density according to age showed statistically significant decrease in lumbar and tibia, but ilium was irrespective. Conclusion : In patients of aged or with osteoporosis, ilium demonstrated less tendency of decrease in bone mineral density than tibia. So this preliminary study suggested that ilium seemed better donor site for autogenic bone graft than tibia.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.12
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• pp.509-521
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the patterns of the keywords in journals in the field of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) to identify the knowledge structure of CBT studies in Korea. To compare CBT studies from Korea and abroad, 234 articles (2008-2019) published on "Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Korea" and 2,316 articles (1977-2019) published on "Cognitive Therapy and Research" were collected. The data were analyzed using NetMiner 4.3. The co-word analysis was done by calculating the cosine similarity matrix of major keywords, followed by visualizing the network. The results of this study identified the main interests of Korean CBT scholars, and categorized the knowledge structure of CBT in Korea into 9 research areas: "scale validation"; "perfectionism and entrapment"; "cognitive, emotional, and relationship characteristics of schizophrenic patients"; "cognitive characteristics and treatment of borderline personality disorder and depression/bipolar disorder patients"; "adaptation and psychological health"; "cognitive characteristics and treatment of patients with social anxiety disorder"; "causes and co-morbidities of depression"; "acceptance and commitment therapy"; and "understanding and the treatment of binge eating disorder patients." This study is meaningful in that it has reviewed the accumulated knowledge in the CBT field in Korea for the past 11 years, and suggests future tasks for development to improve the standards of CBT practice.

• Bulletin of the Society of Naval Architects of Korea
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.45-53
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• 1985

For the analysis of vertical vibrations of a ship's hull, the Timoshenko beam analogy is accepted up to seven or eight-node modes provided that the system parameters are properly calculated. As to the shear coefficient, it has been a common practice to apply the strain energy method or the projected area method. The theoretical objection to the former is that it ignores lateral contraction due to Poisson's ratio, and the latter is of extreme simplifications. Recently, Cowper's and Stephen's shear coefficient formulas have drawn ship vibration analysts' attentions because these formulas, derivation of which are based on an integrations of the equations of three-dimensional elasticity, take Poisson's ratio into account. Providing computer programs for calculation of the shear coefficient of ship sections modeled as thin-walked multicell sections by each of the forementioned methods, the authors calculated natural vibration characteristics of a bulk carrier and of a container ship by the transfer matrix method using shear coefficients obtained by each of the methods, and discussed the results in comparision. The major conclusions resulted from this investigation are as follows: (1) The shear coefficients taking account of the effects of Poisson's ratio, Cowper's $K_c$ and Stephen's $K_s$, result in higher values of about 10% in maximum as compared with the shear coefficient $K_o$ based on the conventional strain energy methods; (a) $K_c/K_o{\cong}1.05\;and\;K_s/K_o{\cong}1.10$ for ships having single skin side-shell such as a bulk carrier. (b) $K_c/K_o{\cong}1.02\;and\;K_s/K_o{\cong}1.05$ for ships having longitudinally through bulkheads and/or double side-shells in the portion of the cargo hod such as a container carrier. (2) The distributions of the effective shear area along the ship's hull based on each of $K_o,\;K_c\;and\;K_s$ are similar each another except the both end portions. (3) Natural frequencies and mode shapes of the hull based on each of $K_c\;and\;K_s$ are of small differences as compared each other. (4) In cases of using $K_c\;or\;K_s$ in ship vibration analysis, it is also desirable to have the bending rigidity be corrected according to the effective breadth concept. And then, natural frequencies and mode shapes calculated with the bending rigidity corrected in the above and with each of $K_o,\;K_c\;and\;K_s$ result in small differences as compared each another. (5) Referring to those mentioned in the above (3) and (4) and to the full-scale experimental results reported by Asmussen et al.[17], and considering laboursome to prepare the computer input data, the following suggestions can safely be made; (a) Use of $K_o$ in ship vibration analysis is appropriate in practical senses. (b) Use of $K_c$ is appropriate even for detailed vibration analysis of a ship's hull. (6) The effective shear area based on the projected area method is acceptable for the two-node mode.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore relationships of postpartum depression with socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of preterm infants and mothers. Methods: Participants were the mothers of 80 premature infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units. Postpartum depression was measured using the Edinburg Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Clinical characteristics were examined through the medical records. The physiological state for the infants was evaluated using the revised Neurobiologic Risk Score (NBRS). Data were analyzed using the t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficients. Results: Average for EPDS was $9.75{\pm}5.06$, and 30% of the participants were at high risk for postpartum depression. There were significant differences in postpartum depression according to mother's education level (F=3.493, p=.035), economic state (F=5.828, p=.004), multiple pregnancy (t=2.141, p=.037), chorioamnionitis (t=2.349, p=.021), oligohydramnios (t=-2.226, p=.029), broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (t=2.085, p=.040), germinal matrix hemorrhage (t=2.259, p=.027), and revised NBRS (t=-2.772, p=.007). There was a significant positive correlation between postpartum depression and number of health problem of infants (r=.252, p=.024) and revised NBRS (r=.316, p=.004). Conclusion: As 30% of the mothers with preterm infants were at high risk for postpartum depression, they require attention. When providing interventions, socioeconomic status as well as the physiological state of premature infants should be considered.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.133-139
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• 2007

A simple and sensitive HPLC-MS method for quantitation of 10${\alpha}$-methoxy-9,10-dihydrolysergol (MDL), the main metabolite of nicergoline, in human plasma was developed and the bioavailability parameters of MDL was assessed in Korean healthy male volunteers. Clomipramine was used as an internal standard. MDL and internal standard in plasma sample were extracted using ethyl acetate. A centrifuged upper layer was then evaporated and reconstituted with mobile phase of 10 mM ammonium acetate-acetonitrile (10 : 90, v/v). The reconstituted samples were injected into a Zorbax SB-C8 column (2.1${\times}$150 mm,5 ${\mu}$m) at a flow-rate of 0.3 ml/min. Using MS with selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode, MDL and clomipramine were detected without severe interference from human plasma matrix. MDL produced a protonated molecular ion ([M+H]$^+$) at m/z 287. Internal standard produced a protonated molecular ion ([M+H]$^+$) at m/z 315. A linear relationship for MDL was found in the range of 2.5${\sim}$100 ng/ml. The lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ) was 2.5 ng/ml with acceptable precision and accuracy. The intra- and inter-day validation for all coefficients of variation (R.S.D.%) were found less than 15%. Main pharmacokinetic parameters of 30 mg of nicergoline were revealed as follows: AUC$_t$ 321.1${\pm}$64.5 ng${\cdot}$hr/ml, C$_{max}$, 51.2${\pm}$25.3 ng/ml, T$_{max}$ 3.6${\pm}$1.5 hr, K$_{el}$ 0.12${\pm}$0.07 hr$^{-1}$ and t$_{1/2}$ 7.6${\pm}$3.4 hr. Inter subject variations and race differences were shown in comparison with the published data in the literature.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.53 no.9
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• pp.647-660
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• 2020

The objectives of this study are to develop a framework for selecting multi-GCMs considering Asia monsoon characteristics and assess it's applicability. 12 climate variables related to monsoon climates are selected for GCM selection. The framework for selecting multi-GCMs includes the evaluation matrix of GCM performance based on their capability to simulate historical climate features. The climatological patterns of 12 variables derived from individual GCM over the summer monsoon season during the past period (1976-2005) and they are compared against observations to evaluate GCM performance. For objective evaluation, a rigorous scoring rule is implemented by comparing the GCM performance based on the results of statistics between historical simulation derived from individual GCM and observations. Finally, appropriate 5 GCMs (NorESM1-M, bcc-csm1-m, CNRM-CM5, CMCC-CMS, and CanESM2) are selected in consideration of the ranking of GCM and precipitation performance of each GCM. The selected 5 GCMs are compared with the historical observations in terms of monsoon season and monthly mean to validate their applicability. The 5 GCMs well capture the observational climate characteristics of Asia for the 12 climate variables also they reduce the bias between the entire GCM simulations and the observational data. This study demonstrates that it is necessary to consider various climate variables for GCM selection and, the method introduced in this study can be used to select more reliable climate change scenarios for climate change assessment in the Asia region.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.11B no.2
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• pp.187-198
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• 2004

The World-Wide Web is the largest distributed Information space and has grown to encompass diverse information resources. However, although Web is growing exponentially, the individual's capacity to read and digest contents is essentially fixed. From the view point of Web users, they can be confused by explosion of Web information, by constantly changing Web environments, and by lack of understanding needs of Web users. In these Web environments, mining traversal patterns is an important problem in Web mining with a host of application domains including system design and Information services. Conventional traversal pattern mining systems use the inter-pages association in sessions with only a very restricted mechanism (based on vector or matrix) for generating frequent k-Pagesets. We develop a family of novel algorithms (termed WebPR - Web Page Recommend) for mining frequent traversal patterns and then pageset to recommend. Our algorithms provide Web users with new page views, which Include pagesets to recommend, so that users can effectively traverse its Web site. The main distinguishing factors are both a point consistently spanning schemes applying inter-pages association for mining frequent traversal patterns and a point proposing the most efficient tree model. Our experimentation with two real data sets, including Lady Asiana and KBS media server site, clearly validates that our method outperforms conventional methods.

• Journal of KIISE:Databases
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.127-136
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• 2010

With rapid growth of information and computer communication technologies, the numbers of digital documents including multimedia data have been recently exploded. In particular, news video database and news video mining have became the subject of extensive research, to develop effective and efficient tools for manipulation and analysis of news videos, because of their information richness. However, many research focus on browsing, retrieval and summarization of news videos. Up to date, it is a relatively early state to discover and to analyse the plentiful latent semantic knowledge from news videos. In this paper, we propose the news video mining system based on multi-modal approach and text mining, which uses the visual-textual information of news video clips and their scripts. The proposed system systematically constructs a taxonomy of news video stories in automatic manner with hierarchical clustering algorithm which is one of text mining methods. Then, it multilaterally analyzes the topics of news video stories by means of time-cluster trend graph, weighted cluster growth index, and network analysis. To clarify the validity of our approach, we analyzed the news videos on "The Second Summit of South and North Korea in 2007".

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.503-513
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• 2005

With the recognition of the importance of computational approach for protein-protein interaction prediction, many techniques have been developed to computationally predict protein-protein interactions. However, few techniques are actually implemented and announced in service form for general users to readily access and use the techniques. In this paper, we design and implement a protein interaction prediction service system based on the domain combination based protein-protein interaction prediction technique, which is known to show superior accuracy to other conventional computational protein-protein interaction prediction methods. In the prediction accuracy test of the method, high sensitivity($77\%$) and specificity($95\%$) are achieved for test protein pairs containing common domains with teaming sets of proteins in a Yeast. The stability of the method is also manifested through the testing over DIP CORE, HMS-PCI, and TAP data. Performance, openness and flexibility are the major design goals and they are achieved by adopting parallel execution techniques, web Services standards, and layered architecture respectively. In this paper, several representative user interfaces of the system are also introduced with comprehensive usage guides.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2006

In remediation of the contaminated soil, it requires to select at least more than two remediation technologies depending on the fate and transport phenomena through complicated reactions in soil matrix. Therefore, methodologies related to develop the integrated remediation technology were reviewed for agricultural soils contaminated with heavy metals. Pneumatic fracturing is necessary to implement deficiency because soil washing is not effective to remove heavy metals in the subsurface soil. But it needs to evaluate the characteristics such as essential data and factors of designated technology in order to effectively apply them in the site. In the remediation site, the important soil physical and chemical factors to be considered are hydrology, porosity, soil texture and structure, types and concentrations of the contaminants, and fate and its transport properties. However, the integrated technology can be restrictive by advective flux in the area which remediation is highly effective although both soil washing and pneumatic fracturing were applied simultaneously in the site. Therefore, we need to understand flow pathways of the target contaminants in the subsurface soils, that includes kinetic desorption and flux, predictive simulation modeling, and complicated reaction in heterogenous soil.