• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제36권5호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the accident characteristics according to the gender of the injured workers in building cleaning and to reflect them in the Industrial Accident Prevention Policy. Background: An analysis of industrial accidents is an essential process for establishing systematic industrial accident prevention measures. In order to establish industrial accident prevention measures for workers effectively, it is necessary to analyze accident characteristics by job type for workers who do the same work. Method: In this study, we analyzed the accident characteristics of 1,645 janitors who were approved of work-related injuries in 2015. We also analyzed the characteristics according to gender by dividing them into worker-related factors and accident-related factors. Results: The accidents caused to the janitors showed different characteristics according to gender, age, work experience, agency of accident, and distribution of original cause materials. In other words, 70.2% occurred to workers over 60 years old and 56.2% occurred to unskilled workers with less than a year of work experience. In the case of accident pattern, 79.1% occurred in tripping (slip) hazards, and 68.2% of accidents occurred on the floor (including the ground) and the stairs, indicating that the accident occurred most frequently during cleaning work on the floor or stairs. Conclusion and Application: The results of the study on the accident characteristics of the janitors can be used as basic data for systematic preventive measures against accidents occurring to the elderly female workers in the service industry.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 1996

Disinfection is a very important process in water plant on account of our surface water usage. Particularly. the rainfall of Korea is concentrated in summer time. it is almost carried away to ocean before our utilization as water resource. To overcome the unbalance of water resource, artificial dams and reservoirs are constructed. According to such storage of water to aggravate water pollution and make the increase of water cleaning chemicals. Chlorine, as a main traditional chemical for water treatment. is focused on account of THMS formation in recent days. In this paper. the data of a water plant located in Seoul is adopted as the foundation of water quality analysis and introduce the substitute chemicals to supplement the harmful formation. additionally. Conclusions are summarized as follows: 1. The water quality of water resource is the worst in summer time and the supply of cleaning chemical is inevitably increased on account of general bacteria increase. 2. Chlorine, as a main chemical for water cleaning, formed the cancer-causing organic THMS with water molecules. 3. One of substitute chemical. chlorine dioxids suppress the formation of THMS comparing with the case of chlorine only. Therefore. the continuous research of substitute chemicals should be activated. 4. As the supply of disinfected clean water concerned with the citizen sanitary, the cultivation of professionals and academic conference must be needed on the basis of nation

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.44-52
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• 2015

Various approaches have been used in crack preparations and each of the approaches has advantages and disadvantages. Although the routing method has been widely used and seems to be the best approach among the approaches, it is not a complete solution for crack preparation. This paper compares and evaluates a pneumatic crack cleaning device (CCD) developed by Robotics and Intelligent Construction Automation group at Georgia Tech, over existing devices. Surveys were conducted to discover factors that affect the performance of crack/joint preparation work. Then, data for such information were collected via field tests for devices such as router, heat lancer, air blower and CCD. Performed field test results and follow-up interviews demonstrated that the utilization of CCD has potential to offer improvements in productivity, safety, and maintenance cost. An analytic hierarchical procedure (AHP) and economic analyses were conducted. The AHP analysis considered three factors including safety, quality and productivity while the economic analyses examined the alternatives in various ways. The results indicated that the CCD was ranked first and second for the AHP analysis and economic analysis, respectively. In conclusion, the field tests and results revealed that the utilization of CCD achieved satisfactorily in performance, quality, safety and control, and showed that it has high potential in crack cleaning practice.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.115-125
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 반도체 웨이퍼 세정 장비를 위한 모니터링 시스템의 기본 요소와 이를 기반으로 모니터링 시스템 모델을 제시한다. 기본 요소는 모니터링 시스템에서 요구되는 필수적인 기능으로써 제어 시스템과의 통신, 사용자 인터페이스, 원격 감시 시스템과의 통신, 감시 데이터 관리, 테스크간 통신으로 구성된다. 기본 요소들의 기능과 기본 요소들 간의 관계를 정의하여 독립된 테스크로 설계한다. 제시한 모델의 타당성을 평가하기 위하여 Windows NT에서 Visual C++를 사용하여 기본 요소들을 구현하여 반도체 웨이퍼 세정 장비의 모니터링 시스템에 적용해 보았다.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2017

PURPOSE. This laboratory study assessed the effect of different dentin cleaning procedures on shear bond strength of resin cements for recementing prosthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS. A $4{\times}4$ flat surface was prepared on the labial surface of 52 maxillary central incisors. Metal frames ($4{\times}4{\times}1.5mm$) were cast with nickel-chromium alloy. All specimens were randomly divided into 2 groups to be cemented with either Panavia F2.0 (P) or RelyX Ultimate (U) cement. The initial shear bond strength was recorded by Universal Testing Machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Debonded specimens were randomly allocated into 2 subgroups (n = 13) according to the dentin cleaning procedures for recementation. The residual cement on bonded dentin surfaces was eliminated with either pumice slurry (p) or tungsten carbide bur (c). The restorations were rebonded with the same cement and were subjected to shear test. Data failed the normality test (P < .05), thus were analyzed with Mann Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon signed rank test, and two-way ANOVA after logarithmic transformation (${\alpha}=.05$). RESULTS. The initial shear bond strength of group P was significantly higher than group U (P = .001). Pc and Uc groups presented higher bond strength after recementation compared to the initial bond strength. However, it was significant only in Pc group (P = .034). CONCLUSION. The specimens recemented with Panavia F2.0 provided higher bond strength than RelyX Ultimate cement. Moreover, a tungsten carbide bur was a more efficient method in removing the residual resin cement and increased the bond strength of Panavia F2.0 cement after recementation.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.6434-6440
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 관로형 UV 소독기의 자동 세척 제어 및 원격 모니터링이 가능한 통합 제어 시스템을 제안한다. 제안한 시스템은 소독기 내 UV 램프 세척 와이퍼의 다양한 세척 동작 제어가 가능하고 UV 센서를 통해 오염도를 주기적 점검할 수 있어 관로형 소독기를 보다 효율적으로 유지, 보수할 수 있다. 또한, 관로형 소독기의 제어기는 개방형 프로세서를 기반으로 하고 있어 외부의 스마트기기와 블루투스 통신을 통해 제어명령 및 센서 정보 등을 주고받을 수 있다. 그 뿐만 아니라 스마트기기를 통해 무선으로 제어기의 펌웨어 업그레이드가 가능하기 때문에 세척 동작 변화 및 각종 센서 장 탈착에 유연하게 대처할 수 있다. 이러한 장점들을 통해 제안한 시스템으로 소규모 마을 등의 스마트 하수 처리 시스템 구축이 가능하다.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제51권7호
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• pp.223-229
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• 2014

화력발전소와 같은 석유화학 설비, 소각 설비 등에서는 재, 먼지 등의 이물질이 발생하며 이물질을 효과적으로 제거하기 위한 방법으로 음향 세척 장치를 이용하는 방식이 있다. 하지만 이 방법의 경우 이물질로 인하여 혼의 입구가 막혀 오작동할 가능성이 있다는 단점이 있다. 본 연구에서는 음향 세척 장치의 정상 작동을 감시하기 위한 음파 검출 무선 센서를 개발하였으며, 센서의 원리를 설명하였다. 이 음파 검출 무선 센서는 실험을 통하여 고온 혹은 저온의 다양한 산업 환경에서 안정적인 동작을 확인하였다. 또한 음파 검출 무선 센서와 424MHz 대역을 이용한 통신을 하여 데이터를 수신하는 무선 데이터 수집 장치를 개발하여 음파 검출 무선 센서의 동작 상태를 외부에서 확인할 수 있도록 하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.2005-2014
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 UPnP를 이용하여 RFID 서비스 발견 및 제어를 할 수 있는 상황인식 서비스 시스템을 제안한다. 제안된 시스템은 자원이 부족한 RFID 태그의 서비스를 위한 미들웨어 플랫폼으로 UPnP를 적용한다. UPnP를 적용하여 시스템을 구축하면 상황인식 서비스의 개발이 용이하며 별도의 설정 없이도 RFID 디바이스 서비스를 제공받을 수 있다. 또한, RFID의 상황인식 데이터의 신뢰도를 높이기 위하여 SQL 기반의 클리닝 (cleaning) 모듈을 설계하고 구현한다. 제안 개발된 클리닝 모듈을 적용하여 RFID 시스템의 태그에 대한 순수 인식률을 $60{\sim}80%$ 정도에서 98% 이상으로 향상 시켰다. 제안된 UPnP 기반 RFID 상황인식 서비스 검증을 위하여 물류서비스에 대한 상황인식 시나리오를 제시하고, RFID 서비스 아키텍처 와 UPnP 서비스 발견 플랫폼을 구현하였다. 또한, 구현된 시나리오상에서 UPnP 서비스 광고 메시지의 네트워크 혼잡 기여도와 RFID 시스템의 태그에 대한 순수 인식률을 실험하고 분석하여 제안된 방식의 타당성을 검증한다.

• 대한치과의사협회지
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• 제55권9호
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• pp.604-616
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• 2017

In clinical dental research, errors occur in spite of careful study design and conduct. Data cleaning procedures intend to identify and correct these errors or at least to minimize their influence on study. Outlier is the one of these errors. Outlier detection is the first step in data analysis process which has a serious effect in the field of dental research. Hence, this paper aims to introduce the methods to detect the outliers and to examine their influences in statistical data analysis.

• 대한치과기공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.179-199
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was conducted to prepare the fundamental data on oral hygiene of the elderly and to assess the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem among the elderly, and to contribute to successful enhancement of life in their declining years. Methods: The author surveyed the behavior of oral hygiene, subjective oral health, oral health problem to 192 elderly at a health center of Busan using structured self- administered questionnaire from Nov. 2nd 2009 to Feb. 10th 2010. Collected data were analysed by SPSS WIN 18.0 statistical program for frequency, percentage production, ${\chi}^2$ (Chi-square) verification, t-test, One-way ANOVA, Logistic Regression. Results: The distribution of total subjects by oral health behaviors were 56.8% for "have ever trained how to tooth brushing", 76.6% for "correctly performed tooth brushing by himself ", 71.8% for "tooth brushing a day is two times and less", 87.5% for "it doesn't tooth brushing in meals and after" and 53.6% for "it doesn't use the facility for oral health", respectively. The distribution of total subjects by the state of perceived oral health were 51.0% for "feel the oral discomfort", 51.6% for "feel the comfortable chewing on starchy food", respectively. The mean point of perceived oral health by general characteristics of total subjects were statistically significant difference in sex, type of medical insurance, smoke, exercise, and chronic disease. The mean point of perceived oral health by oral health behaviors of total subjects were statistically significant difference in educational experience on tooth brushing, recognition for tooth brushing by himself, tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning. The risk factors of perceived oral health were type of medical insurance and chronic disease in general characteristics, tooth brushing in meals and after and tooth brushing a day, and tongue cleaning in oral health behaviors. Conclusion: The author recommend to the prevention of chronic disease, carry out the tooth brushing in meals and after, three times and over tooth brushing a day and tongue cleaning for oral health. and the author consider that it need to prepare the active countermeasure to oral health such as reeducation for oral health and supply to the tongue cleaner.