• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.327-333
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different types of attentional focus(internal focus vs. external focus) on the dart throwing mechanics. Seven expert dart throwing athletes were assigned to an internal focus group and other seven athletes were assigned to an external focus group. Each group was asked to throw dart either under verbal instruction or without instruction. During dart throwing, accuracy(radial error), consistency(bivariate variable error), dart velocity, acceleration, elbow joint ROM, elbow joint angular velocity, EMD(electromechanical delay), iEMG of biceps brachii and triceps brachii, and CI(coactivation index) were collected and analyzed. Nither instruction type nor instruction itself affected in accuracy and consistency. However, in dart velocity and acceleration, there was an interaction between instruction and attentional focus types. Velocity and acceleration increased in the internal condition, where as they decreased in the external condition. The ROM of elbow joint did not affected by instruction and attention type. However, similar to dart velocity and acceleration, angular velocity increased in internal focus group, while it decreased in external focus group. EMG showed no difference with any condition. In conclusion, internal focus is better than external focus for dart throwing.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2013

Wrist joints consist of irregularly shaped carpal bones and other complicated structures. Thus, evaluating the motion of a wrist joint is a challenging task. In this study, we used an infrared camera to perform a kinematic analysis of a dart-throwing motion. We measured the difference between the movement of a normal wrist and constrained wrist (wrist with a wrist glove) in the dart-throwing motion with thirty six healthy participants. We measured the ulna flexion - radial extension motion using the attached passive marker and analyzed it using Polygon software and SPSS. The pitch and yaw motions with a glove was bigger than the ones without a glove by 20 and 15 degrees, respectively. On the other hand, the roll motion without a glove was bigger than the one with a glove by 7 degree. Wilcoxon signed rank test (p<0.05) confirmed that there are significant differences between the motion with and without a glove. It was found that the magnitude of the pitch and yaw motion with a constrained wrist joint toward radial extension in dart-throwing motion is smaller than the one with a normal wrist joint. However, a normal wrist joint showed a bigger movement in the roll direction.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.144-150
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• 2011

The primary purpose of this study was to analyze the motion of the scaphoid, capitate, and lunate during dart-throwing motion by three-dimensional modeling. Five series of CT images of five normal right wrists were acquired from five motion steps from radial extension to ulnar flexion in the dart-throwing motion plane. Segmentation and three-dimensional modeling of bones from CT images was performed using Analyze. Distances among centroids of the scaphoid, capitate and lunate and angles between principal axes of three carpal bones were calculated to analyze the motion by using MATLAB. As the wrist motion changed from radial extension to ulnar flexion, the distance between two adjacent bones decreased. The scaphoid and lunate rotated less than the capitates during dart-throwing motion. This study reports the Three-dimensional in vivo measurement of carpal motion using CT images.

• Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.468-478
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• 2018

Background: The restriction of wrist motion results in limited hand function, and the evaluation of the range of wrist motion is related to the evaluation of wrist function. To analyze and compare the wrist motion during four selected tasks, we developed a new desktop motion analysis system using the motion controller for a home video game console. Methods: Eighteen healthy, right-handed subjects performed 15 trials of selective tasks (dart throwing, hammering, circumduction, and winding thread on a reel) with both wrists. The signals of light-emitting diode markers attached to the hand and forearm were detected by the optic receptor in the motion controller. We compared the results between both wrists and between motions with similar motion paths. Results: The parameters (range of motion, offset, coupling, and orientations of the oblique plane) for wrist motion were not significantly different between both wrists, except for radioulnar deviation for hammering and the orientation for thread winding. In each wrist, the ranges for hammering were larger than those for dart throwing. The offsets and the orientations of the oblique plane were not significantly different between circumduction and thread winding. Conclusions: The results for the parameters of dart throwing, hammering, and circumduction of our motion analysis system using the motion controller were considerably similar to those of the previous studies with three-dimensional reconstruction with computed tomography, electrogoniometer, and motion capture system. Therefore, our system may be a cost-effective and simple method for wrist motion analysis.

• 신경치료
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2018

Purpose In this study, 45 students were divided into task - oriented group, task - oriented intermittent group, and continuous group, and the effect of each variable on learning was changed to angle of the arms' we checked. Methods This study was conducted for 45 days from March 13 to 18, 2017 for five days in the 20 generals living in Changwon city. Dart and goniometer were used for the measurement. In the exercise program, darts were placed on a smooth, hard surface of 1.5M height and the distance to the subject was set 1.5m away. In the dart throw practice, all three groups were marked with an elbow flexion $30^{\circ}$ on the wall, and the subjects were instructed to throw the dart at that point. Results Comparisons between groups showed significant differences between the continuous task-oriented training group and the intermittent task-oriented training group and the control group at the end of training (*** P <0.001). Conclusion This study showed that the intermittent task-oriented training method showed the highest effect (*** P <0.001), which proved that the intermittent method is the most effective exercise method among the three groups.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.87-94
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• 2022

본 논문은 501 다트게임의 최소 다트 촉 투척 횟수인 9회에 대한 획득점수 조합을 찾는 연구를 수행하였다. 다트게임에서 한 번 투척으로 획득할 수 있는 최대 점수는 60점으로 60×8+21×1=501에 의거 60점을 8회, 21점을 1회 획득하면 9회 투척으로 퍼펙트 다트게임을 종료할 수 있다. 이를 9-다트 종료라 한다. 이와 같이 9회 투척으로 501점을 획득 가능한 점수의 조합에 관한 연구는 18개와 14개만 알려져 있으며, 전수탐색 알고리즘을 적용한 연구는 수행되지 않고 있다. 본 논문은 전형적인 전수탐색법인 분기한정법의 O(2ⁿ) 지수시간 수행 복잡도를 다항시간 복잡도로 단순화 시키는 방법으로 나눗셈 분기한정 알고리즘을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 레벨을 8로 한정시키고, 501/60의 몫 레벨로 점프하고 역추적으로 이전 단계에서의 가능한 점수 조합만을 탐색하는 방법을 적용하였다. 제안된 알고리즘으로 찾은 9회의 퍼펙트게임의 가능한 점수 조합은 90개(101개 경우)를 얻었다.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.115-120
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• 2018

Recently, ways for accurately measuring the three dimensional movements of hand are actively researched so as to utilize the measurement data for therapeutic and rehabilitation programs. This research paper aims to introduce a product called Myo Armband, a wearable device comprised of a 3-axis accelerometer, a 3 axis gyroscope, and electromyographic sensors. We compare Armband's performance with that of the Motion Capture System, which is known as a device for providing fairly accurate measurements for angular movements of objects. Dart throwing and wrist winding motions comprised movement scenarios. This paper also discusses one of Armband's advantages - portability, and suggests its potential as a substitute for previously used devices. Decent levels of measurement accuracy were obtained which were comparable to that of three dimensional measurement device.