• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2008

본 조사는 1992년부터 2005년까지 14년간 경남북 및 전북의 $4{\sim}8$개 시군의 사과주산지에서 $16{\sim}30$개 사과원을 대상으로 실시되었으며, 과실을 직접 가해하는 2종 해충인 복숭아심식나방(Carposina sasakii)과 복숭아순나빈 Grapholita molesta)의 발생 및 피해정도를 비교, 분석하였다. 수확기 복숭아순나방에 의한 평균 피해과율은 $0.02{\sim}1.64%$였으며, 1997년을 기점으로 그 이전 연도보다 그 후 연도의 피해가 많은 경향이었다. 반면 복숭아심식나방의 평균 피해과율은 $0.02{\sim}1.30%$였으며, 1998년을 제외하고 피해과율이 0.3% 이하로 극히 낮았다. 복숭아순나방과 복숭아심식나방의 발생과원율은 각각 $13{\sim}71%,\;12{\sim}57%$였으며, 1997년 이후로 복숭아순나방의 발생과원율이 복숭아심식나방 발생과원율에 비하여 지속적으로 높게 나타났다. 각 연도별로 최대 피해를 받은 사과원의 피해과율을 비교해 본 결과 역시 발생과원율의 발생경향과 동일하였으며, 최고 피해 사과원의 복숭아순나방 피해과율은 2005년 20%로 조사연도 중에서 가장 높았다. 복숭아순나방 1세대에 의한 사과나무 신초의 피해율은 $0.1{\sim}8.1%$였으며, 수확기 피해과율 간에는 정의 상관관계를 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 최근 관행적으로 관리가 이루어지는 사과원에서 복숭아순나방이 복숭아심식나방에 비하여 우점하는 것으로 판단된다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2014

An investigation on lightning characteristics and damage to wind turbines was performed on Jeju and Gangwon regions. The lightning data from January 2010 to September 2013 detected by IMPACT ESP were collected and analyzed in detail. Hangyeong and Seongsan wind farms of Jeju province and Taebaek, Changjuk, Taegisan and Gangwon wind farms of Gangwon province were selected for this study. Lightning rates and lightning damage events at the six wind farms were compared with each other. Lightning maps for the two regions were drawn using lightning frequency data. As a result, lightning frequency of Gangwon region was higher than that of Jeju region, while lightning strength of Gangwon was weaker than that of Jeju. Lightning rates were assessed to be good for all of the six wind farms. No lightning damage to wind turbines occurred at the two wind farms of Jeju, while some lightning damage to wind turbines took place at the four wind farms of Gangwon.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.122-130
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• 1968

Action of various wavelengths of visible light on ultraviolet-radiation damage to haploid yeast cells, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 23971, was studied. The results were obtained on the basis of the survival and respiration rates by pre- and post-illuminations of various wavelengths before and after U.V.-irradiations on the yeast cells. Among the wavelengths tested, 635 $m{\mu}$, 429 $m{\mu}$ and white light which caused increase of respiration in pre-treatment alone, induced less resistance to the U. V.-damage than in the control, in both pre- and U.V.-treatment. On the contrary, such wavelengths as 574 $m{\mu}$and 530 $m{\mu}$, showing a weak effect on respiration in pre-treatment increased the susceptability to U.V.-radiation. Photoinactivation was generally obtained by both pre- and post- illuminations along with U.V.-treatment. At 635 $m{\mu}$ the PI rate was the lowest and also a low PI rate was shown at 429 $m{\mu}$. But 429 $m{\mu}$, in the post-treatment of the yeast cells pre-treated by the white light and the darkness respectively, showed the highest PI rate. In both pre- and post- treatment of 574, 530 and 473 $m{\mu}$,the PI rates were high to the same degree. Post-treatments of the wavelengths on U.V.-treated yeasts incubated rather under the white light than the darkness induced lower PI rate. It is assumed that there are great differences in action even of the same wavelength, depending upon the various combination of pre- and post-treatments, and that, moreover, the action of various wavelengths of visible light on U.V.-damage on the cells are concerned with the doses and dose rates of U.V. and visible lights. These observations led to an interpretation that each wavelength of visible light might exert distinctively different effects oil U. V.-damage, mainly causing the inhibition or stimulation of enzymes in the yeast cells.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.297-308
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 화재로 손상된 콘크리트의 손상 깊이 판정방법을 제안하고자 하였다. 고온에 노출된 콘크리트의 경우 내부 조직이 팽창하여 건전한 부위보다 손상부위의 공극이 다량 발생하고 미세균열이 발생됨에 따라 흡수율이 더 높아져 수중 침치후 건조를 하는과정에서 건전부위보다 손상부위의 늦은 건조속도와 이에 따른 명도차이에 의한 색상차이를 이용하여 손상 깊이를 측정하는 것이다. 수중 침지방법의 경우 배합별로 각각 38.7 및 37.5mm로 나타났는데, 기존 페놀프탈레인에 의한 중성화 측정 방법보다 손상깊이를 깊게 추정하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이는 Portlandite(Ca(OH)₂)의 존재여부에 따라 발색이 되는 페놀프탈레인법에 비해 조직이완에 따른 흡수율 원리를 이용한 손상 깊이를 측정하는 방법이 더 민감도가 높아 얻어진 결과로 사료된다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.486-490
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• 2009

In January 2009, the water quality of offshore around the Incheon coast was evaluated by bioassay using early development systems of a sea urchin species, Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus. The results of performing biological evaluations on seawater samples from total of thirteen sites, showed that the formation rates of normal pluteus larva varied from 18% to 71%. In site 5 the seawater sample led to an averaage formation rate of normal larva of 18%, the highest abnormal formation rate hindering the early embryo development of the experimental animal, while that of site 3 averaged 71%, the highest formation rate of normal larva. Seawater samples from site 1, 2, 4, 7, 9, 10, 11 and 12, resulted in average formation rates of normal larva from 33% to 56%, which indicates the developmental damage of early embryos is not severe. Seawater samples from site 5, 6, 8 and 13, resulted in average formation rates of normal larva from 18% to 21% which there was strong damage to the development of early embryos.

• 시스템엔지니어링학술지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.53-64
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• 2021

Wargame is a simulated military operation with certain rules, specifications, and procedures, in which soldiers can virtually and indirectly experience the war. The ROK Navy operates the Cheonghae model, a training wargame model for helping commanders and staff master the procedures for conducting the war. It is important for commanders, staff and analysts to know whether a warship can perform its missions and how long it can last during a war. In existing model, the Cheonghae, the probability of kill of a warship is calculated simply considering the number of tonnage without any stochastic elements, and the warship's mission availability is also determined based on predetermined values. With this model, it is difficult to get a value of the probability of kill that makes sense. In this dissertation, the author has developed a probabilistic model in which the warship vulnerability data of ROK-JMEM can be used. A conceptual model and methodology that can evaluate the mission performance of personnel, equipment, and supplies has been proposed. This can be expanded to a comprehensive assessment of wartime warship loss rates by integrating damage rates for personnel, equipment, and supplies in wartime.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2000년도 추계학술발표대회 및 bio-venture fair
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• pp.187-190
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• 2000

본 연구는 5가지의 발광성 미생물을 이용하여 유해 방사선으로 알려져 있는 ${\gamma}-rays$가 여러가지 cellular stresses 중, 특히 유전자 손상과 생물막 손상을 유발하였는데, 이들의 손상 정도가 총 방사선량과 상관관계가 있음을 발생하는 bioluminescence 로써 확인하였다. 뿐만 아니라, 선량률의 변화를 통하여 방사선으로 인한 유전자 손상 및 일반적인 독성 효과가 큰 영향을 받는 것을 확인하였는데, 선량률 증가에 따라 이들 손상정도가 증가하는 것으로 보아 선량률이 genetic 및 radioprotecion에 심각한 영향을 미치는 것을 확인하였다.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.445-462
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• 2022

To investigate and evaluate the seismic damage behaviors of steel reinforced recycled concrete (SRRC) filled circular steel tube composite columns, in this study, the cyclic loading tests of 11 composite columns was carried out by using the load-displacement joint control method. The seismic damage process, hysteretic curves and performance indexes of composite columns were observed and obtained. The effects of replacement rates of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA), diameter thickness ratio, axial compression ratio, profile steel ratio and section form of profile steel on the seismic damage behaviors of composite columns were also analyzed in detail. The results show that the failure model of columns is a typical bending failure under the combined action of horizontal loads and vertical loads, and the columns have good energy dissipation capacity and ductility. In addition, the replacement rates of RCA have a certain adverse effect on the seismic bearing capacity, energy consumption and ductility of columns. The seismic damage characteristics of composite columns are revealed according to the failure modes and hysteretic curves. A modified Park-Ang seismic damage model based on the maximum displacement and cumulative energy consumption was proposed, which can consider the adverse effect of RAC on the seismic damage of columns. On this basis, the performance levels of composite columns are divided into five categories, The interlayer displacement angle and damage index are used as the damage quantitative indicators of composite columns, and the displacement angle limits of composite columns at different performance levels under 80% assurance rate are calculated as 1/105, 1/85, 1/65, 1/28, and 1/25 respectively. On this basis, the damage index limits corresponding to each performance level are calculated as 0.045, 0.1, 0.48, 0.8, and 1.0 respectively. Finally, the corresponding relations among the performance levels, damage degrees, interlayer displacement angles and damage indexes of composite columns are established. The conclusions can provide reference for the seismic design of SRRC filled circular steel tube composite columns, it fills the vacancy in the research on seismic damage of steel reinforced recycled concrete (SRRC) filled circular steel tube composite columns.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2002년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.755-761
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• 2002

Recently, the noise damage cases of livestock are increasing rapidly. The cases related to the livestock damage were occupied 20% of noise and vibration dispute intervention cases from 1991 to 2001. Of this results, 34% (16/38) are relative to pig, 27%(13/30) to domestic fowl and 20%(9/38) to cattle. The results of regression analysis of between the approval of damage rates (ADR) and a noise level by livestock have been derived that pigs was highly sensitive. In case of cattle, the regression model to apply the ADR according to the appraised noise level was made, but it needs to be complemented later.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.445-454
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• 2002

Material exposure experiments were performed to evaluate the relationship between air pollution and material corrosion rates based on collaboration with researchers in China, Japan, and Korea. Qualitative and quantitative atmospheric corrosion was estimated from damage caused to bronze, copper, steel, marble, cedar, cypress, and lacquer plates exposed to outdoor and indoor conditions in certain East Asian cities. The effects of atmospheric and meteorological factors on the damage to the copper plates and marble pieces were estimated using a regression analysis. The results indicated that sulfur dioxide produced the most destruction of the materials, especially in South Korea and China. In Japan, the copper plates were damaged as a result of natural conditions and sea salt. Copper was also found to be damaged by the surface deposition of sulfur and chlorine. Meanwhile, marble was substantially degraded by gaseous sulfur dioxide, yet sulfate ions in rain had no effect. Accordingly, the analysis of air pollution from the perspective of material damage was determined to be very useful in evaluating and substantiating the intensity of air pollution in East Asia.