• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.433-440
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• 1993

Means and standard errors of 285 Taiwan's local chicken and 429 Single Comb White Leghorn pullets at 35 wk of age were: egg weight (g) $48.3{\pm}0.3$, $54.6{\pm}0.3$, shell index $73.39{\pm}0.26$, $73.20{\pm}0.18$, shell color $15.23{\pm}0.40$, $0.88{\pm}0.27$, shell whiteness $72.61{\pm}0.57$, $90.00{\pm}0.35$, shell strength ($kg/cm^2$) $3.77{\pm}0.07$, $3.35{\pm}0.05$, shell thickness (mm) $0.38{\pm}0.003$, $0.38{\pm}0.002$, Haugh units $85.26{\pm}0.50$, $91.81{\pm}0.38$ and yolk percent (%) $30.17{\pm}0.18$, $27.32{\pm}0.16$ respectively. Theestimated heritabiliities of Taiwan's local chicken based on sire and dam components of variance were as follows: egg weight 0.20, shell index 0.1, shell color 0.87, shell whiteness 0.79, shell strength 0.37, shell thickness 0.14, Haugh units 0.24 and yolk percent 0.16. Genetic correlations based on sire and dam components of variance and covariance were also estimated. Generically, the shell index was positively correlated with egg weight, shell strength and yolk percent, and egg weight was negatively correlated with shell thickness, Haugh unit and yolk percent.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.492-497
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• 2000

This paper focuses on the weight minimization of radial gate, as an extention of the previous work. Radial gates are commonly used to regulate the flow-rate of general purpose dams, due to its simplicity in manufacture and control. The present study identifies the optimum position of support point for 2 and 3 arm type radial gate, which guarantees the minimum weight satisfying strength constraint condition. These optimum designs are then compared with previously constructed radial gates. The results indicate that the weights of the optimized radial gates reduce by about 20%, compared to those of the conventionally designed radial gates.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.258-269
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to establish a system to evaluate the ecological soundness of the Geum river basin. The study target area is 14 sub-watersheds of the Geum river basin. For the selection of indicators to ensure transparency and consistency of the evaluation indicators, the ecological soundness indicators were secured by using the indicator adjustment method derived in consideration of the intrinsic weight change characteristics between indicators. The index with the greatest impact on the final composite index was identified as the index of the aquatic ecology among the water quantity, water quality, aquatic ecology, and habitat-riparian environment dimensions. As a result of analyzing the ecological health index of the river, the watershed upstream of the dam (based on the Daecheong -dam) was evaluated to be in relatively good condition until 2014 compared to the base year(2008), and the watershed downstream of the dam was evaluated to be in a poor condition. The annual trend of changes in the ecological soundness index on an annual basis is as follows. In the case of Yongdamdam, Yongdamdamdownstream, Bocheong-chun, Daechungdam, Daechungdamdownstream, and Nonsancheon, although there are differences by time period, the soundness index is in declining. On the other hand, Mujunamdaecheon, Yeongdongcheon, and Gapcheon were evaluated to have improved soundness, while Chogang, Daechungdamupstream, Mihocheon, Gongjugeumgang, and Geumgangestuary were evaluated to deteriorate again after soundness was improved.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.183-189
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• 1999

A study was conducted to estimate the effects of parity of dam, sex, year and season of birth on gestation length and birth weight in Korean native and Yanbian yellow cows. A total of 1,206 reproduction records (587 Korean native cows, 619 Yanbian yellow cows) were collected from Daekwamyeong Branch Institute, National Livestock Research Institute in Korea and Yanbian region in China from 1995 to 1998. The least square means for gestation length and birth weight of Korean native cows and Yanbian yellow cows were 287.3$\pm$0.60 and 282.3$\pm$0.80 days, 24.9$\pm$0.25 and 25.2$\pm$0.24kg, respectively. Gestation length and birth weight were increased significantly as parity of dam progressed in Korean native cow(p＜0.01), but were not significant in Yanbian yellow cow. Birth weight of male calf was heavier than that of female calf in Korean native cow and Yanbian yellow cow(p＜0.01). Gestation length of Korean native cow born male calf was longer than that of Korean native cow born female calf(p＜0.01), but was not significant in Yanbian yellow cow. Effect of birth year on birth weight was significant in Korean native cow and Yanbian yellow cow(p＜0.01), but effect of birth year on gestation length was not significant. Birth weight of spring-born calf was the heaviest and that of fall-born calf was the smallest in Korean native cow and Yanbian yellow cow(p＜0.01).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.152-154
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• 1998

The data 1241 birth, weights of Teddy goats maintained at Livestock Production Research Institute, Bahadurnagar, Okara, Pakistan, during 1975-1990 were used for this study. The mean birth weight during study period ranged from $1.55{\pm}0.06$ to $1.78{\pm}0.09kg$ with and over all mean of $1.66{\pm}0.031kg$. It was found that year of birth, type of birth, sex of kid and age of dam had significant (p < 0.01) effects on birth weight while the effect of season was found to be non-significant. It was inferred that single born kids were significantly heavier than twins and twins were heavier than triplets. The mean values of birth weight for male and female kids were $1.70{\pm}0.032$ and $1.61{\pm}0.03kg$ respectively. The birth weight was found to be the highest in 8 year age group that was $1.82{\pm}0.016kg$ and the lowest in one year group $(1.55{\pm}0.02kg)$.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 1998

This study was conducted to estimate the heritabilities and genetic correlations on egg weight and egg compositional traits for breeding plan and selection in Korean native chicken. Data analyzed were the records of 46,908 eggs from 430 layers produced from 180 dam and 26 sire families, from April, 1994 to September, 1995. On egg weight and egg compositional traits at 1st egg, 300 and 500 days of age, the egg weights were 41.489, 49.544 and 52.770g ; the albumin weights were 25.953, 29.979 and 31.288g; the yolk weights were 11.091, 14.541 and 16.368g; shell weights were 4.472, 5.037 and 5.099g, respectively. The estimates of heritability of egg weights and egg compositional traits based on the variance of sires, dams and combined components at 300 days of age were 0.214, 0.226 and 0.720 for egg weight ; 0.307, 0.152 and 0.730 for albumin weight ; 0.124, 0.953 and 0.699 for yolk weight ; 0.047, 0.026 and 0.536 for shell weight. The genetic correlation coefficient between egg weight and albumen weight was 0.083~0.951 ; 0.310~0.507 between egg weight and yolk weight ; 0.242~0.523 between egg weight and shell weight ; 0. 237~0. 413 between albumen weight and yolk weight ; 0.232~0.449 between albumen weight and shell weight ; -0.264~0.239 between yolk weight and shell weight, respectively.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.543-550
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• 2020

This study aimed to identify the characteristics of fish inhabiting Hapcheon Dam and surrounding rivers and the Bluegill population, an invasive species, and provide basic data. The survey of fish living in Hapcheon Dam and surrounding tributaries in the Ulsan area from 2016 to 2017 identified a total of 1,785 individuals of 30 species of 10 families and identified 8 Korea's endemic species (21.8% indigenization rate), 3 exotic species, and 2 ecosystem disturbance species. The comparison of this study with the past survey showed that 36 species of 12 families were reported in the past survey, but 14 species of them were not found in this study. We believe that a more detailed survey of Lake Hapcheon should identify most of them. The analysis of the length-weight relationship for the Bluegill population, identified as the dominant species in the Hapcheon Lake, showed that a large number of populations was in the stage of rapid growth as a large number of populations aged 1 to 2 years was found. Since the obesity level and the length-weight relationship were confirmed to be in good condition, it was necessary to prepare a plan to control the Bluegill population. We expect that this study's results can be useful data for understanding the growth and trends of the Bluegill population inhabiting the Hapcheon Dam and surrounding rivers.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.40 no.10
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• pp.769-781
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• 2007

Factor analysis has been usually employed in reducing quantity of data and summarizing information on a system or phenomenon. In this analysis methodology, variables are grouped into several factors by consideration of statistic characteristics, and the results are used for dropping variables which have lower weight than others. In this study, factor analysis was applied for extracting primary factors influencing multi-dam system operation in the Han River basin, where there are two multi-purpose dams such as Soyanggang Dam and Chungju Dam, and water has been supplied by integrating two dams in water use season. In order to fulfill factor analysis, first the variables related to two dams operation were gathered and divided into five groups (Soyanggang Dam: inflow, hydropower product, storage management, storage, and operation results of the past; Chungju Dam: inflow, hydropower product, water demand, storage, and operation results of the past). And then, considering statistic properties, in the gathered variables, some variables were chosen and grouped into five factors; hydrological condition, dam operation of the past, dam operation at normal season, water demand, and downstream dam operation. In order to check the appropriateness and applicability of factors, a multiple regression equation was newly constructed using factors as description variables, and those factors were compared with terms of objective function used in operation water resources optimally in a river basin. Reviewing the results through two check processes, it was revealed that the suggested approach provided satisfactory results. And, it was expected for extracted primary factors to be useful for making dam operation schedule considering the future situation and previous results.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.15 no.10
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• pp.1378-1385
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• 2002

The importance of direct genetic, maternal, heterosis and epistatic effects were examined on post-weaning weight, height, length, girth, fat depth and muscle (ratio of stifle to hip width) with dry and wet season gains in these traits. The breeds used were two pure breeds (Jersey and Limousin), the Limousin${\times}$Jersey $F_1$, and two backcrosses ($F_1{\times}$Jersey dams and $F_1{\times}$Limousin dams). Direct genetic effects were large (p<0.001) for all traits except for length. Jersey maternal effects were large for weight, girth, fat depth and muscle in the post-weaning wet season gains which is an evidence of the impact of Jersey dam on progeny beyond weaning. There were large heterosis effects on fat depth and muscle relative to other traits. Epistatic effects were observed for post-weaning performance in weight, girth, fat depth and muscle. There are indications that there were different genetic effects for post-weaning compared to preweaning growth traits. Thus, it could be hypothesized from this study that different quantitative trait loci (QTL) affect early and late growth in Jersey and Limousin cross cattle breeds. The follow up work will examine the different chromosomal gene effects on pre- and post-weaning growth.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.17-26
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of End-coating (CO) treatment and Vapor-dam (V) treatment on the air circulating oven drying characteristics of green stock (Paulownia tomentosa) for drum. The reduction of the weight of specimens was greatly displayed in order of control (C-NC) treatment, End-coating (C-CO) treatment, Vapor-dam (V-NC) treatment and Vapor-dam/End-coating (V-CO) treatment after the beginning of drying. The V-CO treated specimen showed smoother temperature gradient compared with the V-NC treated specimen throughout whole drying stage and there was little temperature gradient between the inner and outer part of the cylindrical stock. The C-CO treated specimen showed higher value of vapor pressure in both the inner and outer part of the cylindrical stock until the middle stage of drying, while after the middle stage of drying only the inner part of the cylindrical stock presented higher value compared with the C-NC treated specimen. The distribution of the absolute vapor pressure of the V-CO treated specimen was similar to that of the V-NC treated specimen during the initial stage of drying. However, the former showed a large distribution in order of the hollow, the outer part, the inner part of the cylindrical stock after the initial stage of drying, which was entirely different model of distribution from that of the V-NC treated specimen. Surface checks and ring failures were not observed for all of the specimens, while end checks were severely occurred for the C-NC treated specimen and the V-NC treated specimen.