• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate changes on burned areas after a forest fire in Geyjoksan which occurred in April 2000. Both soil physicochemical properties and vegetation present were analyzed in burned and unburned sites of pinus densiflora according to two slope aspects(south and north-facing slopes). The results of the analysis are as follows. The appearance species of vegetation were 21, 15 and 18 for burned site, burned site-1 and burned site-2 of pinus densiflora community respectively, indicating that the occurrence of forest fire and slope aspects affect vegetation appearance. The pH values at 0~10cm soil depth of unburned and burned sites of pinus densiflora community were 5.04 and 5.12 respectively with no significant difference between them. Mean organic matter, total nitrogen and available P also had no significant difference. This results indicate that the forest recover its former pH, total nitrogen, mean organic matter and available P over time after a forest fire. North-facing slope had relatively higher soil water content thus implying that its pH values of soil lower than south-facing slope. On the other hand, south-facing slope had high organic matter and available P content of soil as compared to north-facing slope. With south facing slope having high water contents, humus was accumulated due to slow organic matter decomposition. The pH values also decreased due to organic acids from humus. However, we observed that organic matter and P concentration in soil increased.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.635-644
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• 2010

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze and investigate the effecting factors on the actual condition of dental clinic use of the out patient. Methods : In oder to achieve this purpose, A survey for 302 patients in 6 participating dental clinics located in Daejeon metropolitan city from May 01 to May 30, 2010. The result of this study was as follows. Results : 1. The duration of dental clinic use was reflected in 36.1% of the under 1 year, 34.1% of over 2 years, and 29.8% of over 1 ~ under 2 years in order. Especially, the higher the duration of over 2 years the higher the age was, on married group had a significance. 2. The type of medical examination for samples was 27.6% of periodontal, 26.5% of conservative, 17.2% of prosthodontics, 10.9% of implant, and 7.9% of preventive in order. Especially, the male group the more the prosthodontics, implant had a significance. the higher the monthly income, on married group, the more the periodontal, prosthodontics and implant had a significance. 3. The motive of dental clinic selection was 38.4% of acquaintances' inducement, 33.4% of the superb treatment, 15.6% of easy convenience, and 7.0% of friendliness staff in order. Especially, male group the more the easy convenience, superb treatment, friendliness staff had a significance. 4. The mean of transportation in order to visit a dental clinic was 38.7% of public transportation, 37.5% of the own car, 23.8% of others in order. Especially, there was a highly significant difference on the public transportation in female, the lower education level, lower monthly income, and medical protection group. 5. The duration of time required of dental clinic reflected in 80.1% of the under 30 minute, 16.3% of over 30 minute~under 1 hour, and 3.6% of over 1 hour in order. Especially, the higher the treatment satisfaction, the dissatisfaction the higher the duration of time required under 30 minute had a significance. Conclusions : These results indicate that as medical services upgrade and get more varied, the expectation of medical quality also increases. It is thus considered that the revitalization of this hospital's management strategy can be achieved by providing highly developed medical services, and, more importantly, by better understanding the actual conditions of dental clinic use by the patients themselves.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.291-301
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• 2015

This study was intended to investigate the effect of life stress of university students on the suicidal ideation and to verify the mediating effect of personal mental health on a relationship between life stress and suicidal ideation. Therefore, this study collected data from 491 university students who are enrolled in 4 universities located in Daejeon Metropolitan City, Chungnam, and Chungbuk. According to the main findings of this research, life stress, suicidal ideation, and mental health had statistically significant correlation. Secondly, life stress not only makes direct effect on the suicidal ideation, but makes indirect effect through a mediating variable, the mental health, as well that mental health is verified to mediate a relationship between life stress and suicidal ideation. The research results suggest that mental health of university students is impoverished when life stress is higher, and can make effect on the suicidal ideation due to continual phenomenon of losing general function of life. This study investigated how counselors can intervene convergence policy approach with mental health of clients that affects the relationship between life stress and suicidal ideation of university students, and suggested implication and limitation of this study and suggestions for a follow-up study.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.115-142
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• 2006

This study examined the level of social support for grandparent-headed families and its effects on the grandparents' physical and mental health. For this purpose, the survey data was collected from 141 grandparents raising their grandchildren in Daejeon Metropolitan City. The study generated several findings. First, grandparent-headed families tended to rely on formal support system rather than informal one. Second, grandparent's physical health was found to be very poor that 82.3% of the grandparents reportedly needed some assistance in at least one ADL, and their mean score of depression measured by CES-D was 27.4, indicating a moderate level of psychological distress. Third, among the sociodemographic and stressor variables, grandparents' sex, the number of their children and household keeping burden were statistically significant predictors of their ADL restriction. As for depression level of the grandparents, their monthly income, parenting duration, the number of their children, economic difficulties, household keeping burden and social restrictions were found to be statistically significant. Fourth, grandparents who reported of having more social support from their friends, a higher level of satisfaction of the friends' social support and also of being satisfied with social support from their religious associations tended to experience significantly less ADL restrictions. The more kinds of social support received from friends and social welfare agencies and the less satisfied they were with social support from governmental sector, the higher their depression level was. Implications for social welfare services and programs for grandparent-headed families were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.229-235
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• 2005

The results of having studied the relationships between environmental factors and family history which affected distribution of ametropia according to departments are like these. The subjects of study were 920 persons who were the industrial high school students in Daejeon. First, When we searched ametropia degree and congenital factors, expecially in case of emmetropia, it showed that the students' parents who wore glasses amounted to 22.6% in ratio and the students' brothers and sisters wore glasses in 22.8%. But in case of the students of ametropia, their parents' rate of wearing glasses was 27.7%. The result showed that refractive error status of offsprings was related to their parents' eye condition. Second, We studied emmetropia and ametropia who used computer for over 3 hours in order to see relationships between refractive error and acquired factors. The emmetropias were 45.6%, while the ametropias were 70.1%. The result showed that it appeared 24.5% more in ametropia. In the end, refractive error can be greatly influenced by environmental factors. Third, The result of comparing distribution of ametropia with VDT using time according to each department showed the students of constructional information department had much more ametropia rate. They used computers than any other students in taking lessons and spent much more time than other department's students.

• International Journal of Highway Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.47-57
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study aims to examine the differences between the existing traffic demand forecasting method and the traffic demand forecasting method considering future regional development plans and new road construction and expansion plans using a four-step traffic demand forecast for a more objective and sophisticated national highway maintenance. This study ultimately aims to present future pavement deterioration and budget forecasting planning based on the examination. METHODS : This study used the latest data offered by the Korea Transport Data Base (KTDB) as the basic data for demand forecast. The analysis scope was set using the Daejeon Metropolitan City's O/D and network data. This study used a traffic demand program called TransCad, and performed a traffic assignment by vehicle type through the application of a user equilibrium-based multi-class assignment technique. This study forecasted future traffic demand by verifying whether or not a realistic traffic pattern was expressed similarly by undertaking a calibration process. This study performed a life cycle cost analysis based on traffic using the forecasted future demand or existing past pattern, or by assuming the constant traffic demand. The maintenance criteria were decided according to equivalent single axle loads (ESAL). The maintenance period in the concerned section was calculated in this study. This study also computed the maintenance costs using a construction method by applying the maintenance criteria considering the ESAL. The road user costs were calculated by using the user cost calculation logic applied to the Korean Pavement Management System, which is the existing study outcome. RESULTS : This study ascertained that the increase and decrease of traffic occurred in the concerned section according to the future development plans. Furthermore, there were differences from demand forecasting that did not consider the development plans. Realistic and accurate demand forecasting supported an optimized decision making that efficiently assigns maintenance costs, and can be used as very important basic information for maintenance decision making. CONCLUSIONS : Therefore, decision making for a more efficient and sophisticated road management than the method assuming future traffic can be expected to be the same as the existing pattern or steady traffic demand. The reflection of a reliable forecasting of the future traffic demand to life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) can be a very vital factor because many studies are generally performed without considering the future traffic demand or with an analysis through setting a scenario upon LCCA within a pavement management system.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.8
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• pp.190-199
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to propose the standard of health-related fitness evaluation according to the working styles of male manufacturing workers. The subjects were 15,329 male manufacturing workers aged from 40 to 59 years old who had taken a health-related fitness test by K Institution. Health-related fitness components are cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility and body composition. We measured Vo2max, grip strength, sit-up, trunk flexion forward, and body fat percentage to ascertain each component. Data were analyzed with Two-way ANOVA, T-test, One-way ANOVA(Scheffe) and Percentile using SPSS version 18.0 program. The analysis results are as follows. First, the health-related fitness of manufacturing workers varied significantly according to their working styles(maximum oxygen uptake : F=88.67(p<.001), grip strength : F=20.09(p<.001), sit-up : F=42.06(p<.001), trunk flexion forward : F=69.44(p<.001), body fat percentage : F=136.75(p<.001)).Therefore, the evaluation standard was set based on the percentile of health fitness items. Second, the average Vo2max, grip strength, and trunk flexion forward of blue-collar workers were higher than those of white-collar workers at all ages. On the other hand, the average sit-up and body fat percentage of white-collar workers were higher than those of blue-collar workers at all ages. Third, these evaluation criteria differed greatly when compared with the results of the National Physical Fitness Survey. Therefore, we have confirmed that the evaluation criteria should be applied differently according to the working style of a worker when evaluating his health-related fitness.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.208-218
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• 2017

Objective: This study examined the caregiver burden, depressive symptoms, and mental-related quality of life of 226 caregivers of stroke patients, who had been hospitalized in 7 general hospitals located in Cheongju and Daejeon Metropolitan city. Methods: Data were collected from August 5, 2014 to October 5, 2014 and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used. The results were analyzed using a t-test, ANOVA for different comparisons of the mental related quality of life in the sociodemographic characteristics, care-related characteristics, health-related behavioral characteristics, caregiver burden, and depressive symptoms. Hierarchical multiple regression was conducted to determine the explanatory power of the independent variables on the dependent variables, with the variables showing significant differences in univariate analysis as independent variables. Results: According to the results of hierarchical multiple regression analysis, the relevant factors that influenced the mental-related quality of life were the relationship with a patient, burden by 'care', burden by sacrifice of 'personal life', and depressive symptoms. Conclusion: To enhance health-related quality of life, not only is a systematic complement on such factors needed, but the development and implementation of an intervention program to the caregiver burden and depressive symptoms is also urgently required.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.300-310
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare the change of Well-Dying awareness and decision of university student before and after taking the course of death study. A questionnaire survey was conducted for university students 93 before education, 117 after education who participated in the Death Studies related lectures at Daejeon Metropolitan City for 15 weeks from August to December 2016. The general characteristics of survey are gender, age. grade, major, marriage condition, religion, family member living together and health status. Four items on the perception aspect of death, five items on the aspect of acceptance of death, seven items of death decision and twelve items for death education's interest and importance were configured as a reference scale. The statistical method carried out the chi-square test, the independent sample t-test, and the decision tree analysis. Based on the decision tree, At the time of preparation for death(cancer patient, terminal patient, etc.) and the elderly(65 years old or older), the education transition rate was 66.7%. But After education, 65.3% of the respondents were in adult, middle and high school, under elementary school, university, and graduate school, which showed a significant difference. Therefore we are looking for death education's effectiveness and setting directions for education's period and contents. the negative viewpoints and worries about the implementation of death education at elementary, middle and high schools and universities are resolved and the death education will positively affect the change of attitude of students.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.433-442
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• 2020

This study established the relationship between job stress and burn-out syndrome of firefighters. The research targets were 582 firefighters who worked at five fire stations in the D metropolitan city. The survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire during the period from July 1st 2019 to September 30, 2019. On the correlation analysis, burn-out showed a significant positive correlation with job stress. On the results of the logistic regression anaylsis, the risk ratio of high levels of burn-out was significantly higher in the very high stress groups than that in the groups with low job stress. According to the multiple regression analysis, the factors having an influence on burn-out were gender, age, the specific level of job career, shift work, the physical burden of work, the sense of satisfaction with the work, consideration for quitting the job and job stress. These findings suggest that the job stress of firefighters is closely related to burn-out. This demands the development and implementation of programs that can properly control and curb the factors of job-stress.