• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.56-64
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• 1979

Two types of fiat-plate collector were designed and constructed for utilizing the solar energy as heating source of red pepper drying. It was performed to investigate the basic factors on using the collectors and the drying effect on various types of red pepper, and the results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. The optimum tilted angles of the collector in Daejeon area were ${\phi}-15^{\circ}$ in summer season and ${\phi}+15^{\circ}$ in winter season when it was adjusted two times per a year: 2. In the conditions during experiment period, average atmospheric temperature and relative humidity were $25.6^{\circ}C$ and 52.6%, respectively, and $42.0^{\circ}C$, 74.2% in the control chamber. The temperature in the drying chamber connected to the water heater was the highest but relative humidity in the chamber connected to the air heater was the lowest among the chambers. 3. The drying velocity of whole red pepper in the chamber connected to the water heater was the fastest as 2.3 times as compared to the whole type on the mat drying followed by air heater and control in decreasing order. The horizontally cut red pepper in the chamber connected to the water heater was dried exceedingly fast among twelve plots. 4. The content of capsaicine as pungent principle and of capsanthine as red pigment in the red pepper were reduced during drying but there were no differences significantly on the drying method, and it could not affect much on the quality of dried product.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.123-133
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to analyze in depth the standardized Clinical dental hygiene curriculum of the Fones School in the United States. We investigated the clinical dental hygiene curriculum in 2015~2016 including title, credit, hours, contents, goals, competencies, and evaluation. We obtained the course syllabus and data related to each subject, for each grade, from the professors and students at the university. The goals and competencies, of the clinical dental hygiene program, which were based on the goals of the Fones School and the mission of the University of Bridgeport, were developed in accordance with the dental hygienist practice standards proposed by the American Dental Hygienists Association. The curriculum consisted of theory to teach proper dental hygiene care procedures and incorporated practical exercises that modeled an actual clinical setting. The students had to document the procedures performed for each client/patient and improve their clinical competency through discussion with the professors. Dental hygiene care should be provided for children, adolescents, adults, elderly, and patients, which includes patients with moderate or severe periodontal status. Students were evaluated by a paper test or case study presentation and their clinical evaluation was based on their clinical competency. In particular, professors evaluated students on a rotational basis, so they could evaluate the level of achievement of clinical competency of all students and find ways to improve any weaknesses. Therefore, the current study suggested that clinical dental hygiene program in Korea could be improved if based on the curriculum of Fones School in the United States.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.4 s.57
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• pp.237-243
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• 1983

A biological study was done on primary parasites and hyperparasites of cow-pea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, collected from Mt. Gyeryong and Daejeon area during the period from April to September 1983 was. The results of mummification of primary parasites, host selectivity between primary parasites and hyperparasites and ratio of mummification, no. of ar chegonia and longevity of important species were obtained as follows; Eight species of Aphidiidae were identified and listed and four of them, Binodoxys nearactaphidis Mackauer, Lipolexis scutellaris Mackauer, Lysiphlebus salicaphis(Fitch)and Trioxys hokkaidensis Takada found for the first time in Korea. Among the 509 mummies collected in the field, adult Aphidiid and adult hyperparasites were $44.8\%,\;and\;43.8\%$, respectively. Lysiphlebus ambiguus, Lysiphlebus salicaphis, Lysiphlebia japonica and Lipolexis scutellaris were a few of important species attacking cow-pea aphid and the rate of their occurrences were $31.6\%,\;18.8\%,\;16.7\%\;and\;11.4\%$, respectively. All the hyperparasites collected from cow-pea aphid were recorded for the first time in Korea; those were Lygocerus testaceimonus Kieffer, Protaphelinus nikolskajae (Jasnosh), Eucoila sp., Gastranscistrus sp., Ardilea convexa(Walker), Asaphes vulgaris Walker. Among the collected hyperparasites, Eucoila sp., A. vulgaris and A. Convexa were dominant species and their occurence rate was $39.9\%,\;34.1\%\;and\;19.7\%$, respectively. As a results of analysis on parasite-hyperparasite interrelationship in cow-pea aphid, Lipolexis scutellaris was attacked from 3 out of 6 hyperparasites and the others was attacked from almost all the hyperparasites. Lysiphlebus ambiguus was higher than Lysiphlebia japonica in the ability of parasitism. There was no difference between Lysiphlebus ambiguus(272) and Lysiphlebia japonica(279) in number of archegonia, but L. ambiguus$(66.9\%)$ was higher than L. japonica$(43.0\%)$ in the rate of mummification to archegonia. The longevity of Aphidiidae and hyperparasites was investigated by feeding honey. The results showed that hyperparasites had lived 15.8 to 21. 5 days, while Aphiidiidae lived only 2 to 3 days.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.249-257
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• 1991

Chronological changes in the occurrence pattern of the striped rice borer(SRB), Chilo suppressalis Walker, were investigated by analyzing the data collected by 33 light traps of the countrywide monitoring units during the period of 1968-1989. And also relation of incidences between larval and adult populations, emergence time and percent emergence of overwintered larvae were observed in relation to the time of different rice transplantations. Spring moths of SRB in 1985-'89 generally emerged earlier than in 1968-'72 : 30 days earlier at Kwangju, 20 -25 days earlier at Sangju and Naju, 10-15 days earlier at Uljin, Jinju, Goyang, Milyang, Kimhae, etc., 5 days earlier at Suweon, Jinchun, Daejeon, Namweon, Haenam, etc. There was no change in the time of spring moth emergance at Weonseong, Chungju, Seosan, Yongju, and Nonsan. Summer moths of SRB in 1985- '89 also emerged earlier than 1968- '72: 20 days earlier at Uljin, 15 days earlier at Chungju, Yeongdug, and Habchun, 5-10 days earlier at the other areas except Yeongju. There was an overall countrywide decrease in the population of the 1st generation of SRB during the last two decades. The population of the 2nd generation also decreased in 19 areas during the same period, but increased in 14 areas including over 3-fold increases in Kwangju, Naju and Daegu, and double increase in Jinju, Milyang and Gongju. The higher larval population density of 1st genration was taken place in the earlier transplanted fields, whereas the population of 2nd generation were higher at mid-season transplanted (May 30), followed by May 15, June 15, and April 30. The peak of larval population appeared generally 15 days after moth peak in 1st generation, and 10 days after moth-peak in 2nd generation. The earlier transplanted fields were the higher percent damage due to 1st off-springs of spring moths, whereas the fields transplanted in mid-season were higher damage due to 2nd off-springs of summer moths. Average body weights of SRB larvae before overwintering were 65.6 mg, 61.2 mg, and 55.5 mg in early, mid-season, and late transplantations, respectively. In field cage experiments, emergence rate of the overwintered larvae ranged from 28.3-39.8%. In other words, body weights of overwintering larvae were heavier in fields by earlier transplantation, and heavier larvae showed higher percentage of adult emergence. The period from overwintered larvae to adult emergence was longer in the fields of the later transplantations; namely, 44, 49, and 51 days for early, mid-season, and late transplantations, respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.193-199
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• 2007

This study was conducted to explain degree of injury caused by P. panopealis larva which is the key component to develop economic injury level or control threshold in green perilla and was carried out in polyvinyl houses at Yuseong Daejeon, Geumsan and Yesan Chungnam from 2004 to 2006. Of 5 major pests in green perilla polyvinyl house, P. panopealis larva injured green perilla leaf by 48.5% on average under no insecticides application. The peak occurrence of P. panopealis adult was early August and late September in 2004 and 2005 studies. The feeding amount of P. panopealis larva among 1st to 3rd instar was not different, but from the 4th instar the feeding amount greatly increased and this result was consistent with daily feeding experiment in which the amount greatly increased from seventh day. The degree of injury which was investigated with different larval infestation levels showed that the degree of injury increased a little but was not dim ε rent significantly as the density increased. The density of P. panopealis larva in damaged green perilla plant was less than three individuals/plant. This result indicates that P. panopealis adult lays egg on green perilla leaf dispersedly and larva hatched from egg injures only the leaf which egg is layed. These preliminary data seems to be very useful to design economic injury level and control threshold studies for P. panopealis in green perilla polyvinyl house.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.279-293
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• 2003

Somatic chromosomes about 13 taxa of Korean Euphorbia L. was investigated to estimate its taxonomic significance. Somatic chromosome numbers of treated taxa were 2n= 12, 20, 22, 28, 40, 42, 56, therefore basic chromosome numbers of those were x=6, 7, 10, 11. The chromosome numbers of E. pallasii Turcz. (2n=20), E. hylonoma Hand.-Mazz (2n=20.), E. fauriei H. L$\acute{e}$v. & Vaniot ex H. L$\acute{e}$v (2n=28) and E. jolkini Boiss. (2n=28) were determined for the first time in this study. The chromosome numbers of four taxa were same as previous ones; E. sieboldiana Moor. & Decne. (2n=20), E. ebracteolata Hayata (2n=20), E. humifusa Willd. ex Schlecht. (2n=22). But those of six taxa were different; E. esula L (2n= 16, 20, 60, 64 vs 2n=20), E. helioscopia L. (2n=12, 42 vs 2n=42), E. lucorum Rupr. (2n=28, 40 vs 2n=56), E. pekinensis Rupr. in Maxim. (2n=24 vs 2n=28, 56), E. maculata L. (2n=28, 42 vs 2n=12), E. supina Raf. (n=7 vs 2n=40). E. ebracteolata, E. pallasii and E. hylonoma were distingushcd from the other taxa by the chromosome numbers, size and satellites, E. maculata, E. humifusa, E. supina had the different basic and somatic chromosome numbers in spite of the similar morphological. anatomical and palynological chracters. The chromosomal character of Korean Euphorbia was supported the Ma and Hu's systems, and as above results, it was found to be a good character in delimiting above sections and estimating relationships for some species.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.91-95
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• 2004

This study aims to analyze realities of oral health and related factors, and establish Structural Equation Modeling. The subjects of study were 9,340 elderly over age 65 who took the health examination(the first) for the local insured which National Health Insurance Corporation carried out in the survey area mentioned below from January 2002 to December 2002. The areas surveyed were 4 big cities including Seongbuk-ku, Seoul, 5 medium cities including Wonjusi, Gangwon-do, and 5 Counties including Yeong deok County, Kyeongbuk. Considering location and the scale of population, firstly, big unit areas(metropolitan city, province) were selected according to convenience, secondly, low unit areas(city, county, district) were selected randomly. The subjects were the elderly who took all tests including an oral examination and filled in the questionnaire. Major results from analysis are as follows: 1. Review of Composition Conception Validity As a result of analyzing composition conception validity of SEM including posture test, urine test, blood test, habits of eating, drinking and smoking, oral symptoms, and oral health status, using fit index such as GFI, CFI, TLI, and RMSEA, all were within fit range and composition conception validity was recognized. 2. As a result of analyzing SEM to find the relationship between each factor and oral health status, it was confirmed that all factors except urine test affected oral health status and the synthetic SEM to explain it could be established. In result, we could verify that the elderly of rural areas who had lesser experience of visiting a clinic and oral prophylaxis had a higher rate of caries, missing teeth, and denture need, and drinking and smoking negatively affected the rate of caries, periodontal, and missing teeth. Also, periodontal diseases were observed from 43.2% of the total elderly and much from the lower age. Most of oral disease can be prevented by right oral health behavior. Therefore through oral health professionals from each district public health center of the nation, oral health education for the elderly about right eating habits and oral health care should be carried out systematically and policy change to increase access to dental service is required lest that visiting a dental clinic should be impossible or oral health behaviors such as oral prophylaxis and denture wearing should be neglected by economic, geographical barriers. Also, to establish SEM to explain the relationship between oral health status and systemic health, more accurate test methods and effective index development should be preceded. Because items developed by National Health Insurance Corporation applied to this study without alteration, structuring a model had the uppermost limit. Continual study seems to be needed.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2016

Eating supports to gain energy and nutrition and improves quality of life. Ageing affects the food intake ability due to loss of natural teeth and the progressive muscle degeneration. Our objective was to investigate how the food intake ability (FIA) and the remaining teeth could influence on oral health related quality of life in the elderly. This study was performed with 503 elderly subjects living in Daejeon, Korea. The questionnaire with the FIA with 30 Korean food and Oral Health Impact Profile 14 (OHIP-14) and oral examination were surveyed. The five groups according to cluster analysis of FIA had the different numbers of remaining teeth and functional posterior teeth with opposing teeth or prosthesis significantly: group 1, $21.78{\pm}8.27$ and $2.80{\pm}2.63$; group 2, $16.75{\pm}7.87$ and $2.16{\pm}2.44$; group 3, $14.68{\pm}9.77$ and $1.73{\pm}2.30$; group 4, $9.93{\pm}8.13$ and $0.78{\pm}1.68$; group 5, $10.18{\pm}8.37$ and $0.51{\pm}1.22$. The more foods the subjects could masticate, the better oral health related quality of life they had. The medium FIA, soft FIA and the number of remaining teeth could explain 46% of OHIP-14, but hard FIA could not in the multiple regression model. We suggested to develop the oral health program for the elderly to be able to eat the food with medium physical property at least be helpful to improve oral health related quality of life.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.307-314
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• 2010

This study aimed to measure such features of emotional responses perceived by students as learning climate, department living stress, and perceived helplessness to analyze their effects on major satisfaction among students at the department of dental hygiene; to do this, a survey was conducted with 431 students, regardless of college year, who were at the department of dental hygiene in four colleges in Gyeonggi Province, Daejeon, and Chungcheong Province. An existing emotion scale which went through the generalization process was used to draw a multiple model in the combination form in order to collect emotional factors affecting college students' satisfaction with their major, which had existed as a hypothetical proposition, and make overall interpretation of relevance through the explainable, predictable modeling process by measuring emotional factors and phenomenal description of the level of general perception. The results showed that major satisfaction was very significantly affected by emotional features among students at the department of dental hygiene, which needs to be treated as an important factor to enhance expertise related to major learning and improve students' living.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.453-459
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• 2009

The purposes of this research were to evaluate the relationships of between characteristics of noise and annoyance of dental hygienist by noise in dental clinic. To investigate the dental clinic workers' reactions to noise when occurred in dental clinic, the noise level test in dental clinic and questionnaire were taken. As a result of noise evaluation, It shows that the range of noise level was 67.7~78.3dB(A) and frequency was very high (more than 4KHz). It's seem to be begins occurrence of stamina-loss, contraction of peripheral blood vessel, decrease of adrenocortical hormones. Most of respondents were affected by noise: 67% of respondents were nervous about noise and the rest of respondents were bearable. Analysis by NR-curve showed that it was exceed the noise permit level in working space. As a result of correlation - test, the more exposed dental hygienist to noise, the more felt the unpleasantness and fatigue. It's hard to sufficient explanation to patients about the dental treatment. So it's thoughts that insufficient explanation will negative impact on the patients' satisfaction and increase competitiveness in dental clinics. To remedy a unpleasantness and fatigue of noise in dental hygienist, it's considered that making an offer the ear protection and choosing the low noise-vib. equipment and using the masking effect. Therefore, It can be provide a pleasant working environment with dental hygienist and It will have a great advantage to dental clinics to improve their competitiveness.