• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.15
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• pp.6521-6526
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• 2015

Background: This study aimed toanalyze the risk behavior for cervical cancer (CC) and the human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and resolution among women who received care through the private healthcare network of a municipality in southern Brazil. Materials and Methods: This descriptive and retrospective study was conducted with 25 women aged 20 to 59 years who received care through the private healthcare network and were treated at a specialty clinic in the period from January to December 2012 in a municipality in Northwest Parana, Southern Brazil. Data from medical records with cytological and HPV results were used. Following treatment, these women were followed-up and reassessed after 6 months. Data were statistically analyzed using the t-test and chi-squared test at a 5% significance level. Results: The mean age of the studied women was $27.8{\pm}7.75$ years old, and the majority were married, with paid employment and were non-smokers. The mean age at menarche was $13.0{\pm}0.50$ years old, and the mean age at first intercourse was $17.5{\pm}1.78$ years, with only 8.0% (2) initiating sexual activity at an age ${\leq}15$ years old. The majority had 1 to 2 children (60.0%), while 88.0% reported having had one sexual partner in their lifetime, and all the women were sexually active. A total of 68.0% used a hormonal contraceptive method. All the women had leukorrhea and pain and were infected by a single HPV type. Regarding the lesion grade, 80.0% showed high risk and 20.0% low risk. The most prevalent high-risk HPV strain was 16. Conclusions: These findings provide relevant information on HPV risk factors and infection, as well as the treatment and 6-month follow-up results, in economically and socially advantaged women with no traditional risk factors, corroborating previous reports that different risk factors may be described in different populations. Thus, this study reinforces the fact that even women without the traditional risk factors should undergo HPVmonitoring and assessment to determine the persistence of infection, promoting early diagnosis of the lesions presented and appropriate treatment to thus prevent the occurrence of CC.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.1 no.3
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• pp.250-259
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• 2001

To determine if initial infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis changes the balance of cytokines between T cells and macrophages, we evaluated interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$), interleukin-12 (IL)-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$ productions by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 15 untreated active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients and 12 healthy tuberculin reactors (HTR). Freshly isolated PBMC were stimulated with Triton X-100 solubilized protein (TSP), 30-kDa or purified protein derivatives (PPD) antigen for 6, 18 and 96 hours. IL-12 p40 production by antigen-stimulated PBMC from TB patients was significantly decreased compared with that in HTR. In addition, IFN-${\gamma}$ production was significantly depressed in TB patients than that in HTR at a 96-hr stimulation. However, TNF-${\alpha}$ production was significantly higher in antigen-stimulated PBMC from TB than that of HTR. A pronounced increase in IFN-${\gamma}$ protein followed neutralization of IL-10 in early TB patients. However, neutralization of TNF-${\alpha}$ did not significantly alter IFN-${\gamma}$ induction in PBMC from TB patients. There were no significantly differences in the cytokine productions among three proteins, TSP, 30-kDa or PPD antigen. These results indicate that development of TB may be strongly associated with dysregulated productions of IL-12, IFN-${\gamma}$ and TNF-${\alpha}$, during the initial immune responses to M. tuberculosis. Further understanding of operative cytokine networks during human immune cell responses to protein antigens of M. tuberculosis may improve strategies for vaccine development.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.107-116
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• 1995

Two hybridoma cell lines against Cwptosporinium possum oocysts nFRl-CN911 were produced. The isotype of these 2 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) was IgG2b (lE7.2) and and IgM (C6). Enzyme immuno-transfer blotting analysis showed that 157.2 reacted specifically to 36 kDa protein and C6 reacted to 67 and 70 kDa proteins. C. pcnlum was bound specifically to the surface region of oocysts by these mobs. No cross-reactivity was observed with tachyzoites of ToxopLosma gonnii and oocysts of Eimeria zuernii,5. bouis and E. canadensis of bovine origin. The indirect immunofluorescence assay (IIF) using mAb C6 was successful with counterstain. With the IIF using mob C6, oocysts appeared as 3 to $5{\mu}m$ spherical objects fluorescing bright apple green against a reddish dark background. The IIF using mAb C6 was agreed in specificity and sensitivity with those of a commercial diagnostic kit. These results demonstrated that the produced mAbs were specific to C. parvum and that the mAb C6 could be used for diagnosis of cryptosporidiosis.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.11-19
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• 2018

In Brazil, visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is expanding and becoming urbanized, especially in non-endemic areas such as the State of Rio Grande do Sul. Considering that infected dogs are the main reservoir for zoonotic VL, this study evaluated the prevalence of canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL) in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre, a new area of expansion of VL in Brazil. Serum and plasma from 405 asymptomatic dogs from the municipalities of Canoas (n=107), $S\tilde{a}o$ Leopoldo (n=216), and Novo Hamburgo (n=82) were tested for CVL using immunochromatographic ($DPP^{(R)}$) and ELISA $EIE^{(R)}$ assays (2 assays officially adopted by the Brazilian government for the diagnosis of CVL) and real-time PCR to confirm the results. There was no agreement among serological and real-time PCR results, indicating that the Leishmania infection in asymptomatic animals with low parasite load, confirmed by negative parasitological tests (smears and parasite culture), need to be evaluated by molecular methods. The prevalence of LVC in the metropolitan region of Porto Alegre, confirmed by real-time PCR was 4% (5.6% in Canoas and 4.6% in $S\tilde{a}o$ Leopoldo). The use of molecular method is essential for accurate diagnosis of CVL, especially in asymptomatic dogs in non-endemic areas.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.189-199
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to compare the grid usage that is common to Leonardo da Vinci and J.N.L. Durand in the process of designing the architectural plan. In the days when there was no proper measurement tool, auxiliary lines relied entirely on the architect's personal mindset and design convenience. Therefore, it is considered that studying the auxiliary lines drawn by the architects will be useful for studying the human perception system. Among auxiliary lines, the grid has been used by many architects. Leonardo da Vinci and J.N.L. Durand are famous. However, these two show a significant different grid usage. As auxiliary grid and space ares added the center of the Leonardo da Vinci grid continues to move, and the grid in his sketch is becoming a building space itself. So I call it 'conceptual grid'. In the case of J.N.L. Durand, the one center of the grid is always at the center of the drawing. That is, all the positions of the grid can be determined in phase around a common point, and all of the same specifications are assumed. The grid is a kind of filter. That's why his grid is a visual abstraction of the process of thinking. In this paper, I will call the grid of J.N.L. Durand as 'abstract grid'.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2012.11a
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• pp.121-131
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• 2012

This study is an analysis about BOD, COD, SS, T-N, T-P of 4Stage-BNR, MLE + CS(Coagulating Sedimentation), Bio-SAC BNR method of construction for 3 largest sewage treatment plants among 12 sewage treatment plants in Incheon. The purpose of this study is improving the operational effectiveness for Incheon sewage treatment plant by introducing the optimized method for quality of the discharged water.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1177-1178
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• 2018

• The Optical Journal
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• s.99
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• pp.45-51
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• 2005

미국의 PMA, 독일의 포토키나와 함께 사진쇼에서 함께 거론되곤 하는‘Photo Imaging Expo 2005’는 일본 카메라영상기기공업회, 사진감광재료공업회, 일본칼라라보협회, 일본사진영상용품공업회 등이 공동 주최하며 올해에는 사진관련 통합전시회로 열렸다. 양적으론 통합이지만 질적인 면에서는 4개 단체 합동이라도 빅사이트의 전시장을 통째로 빌리는 힘도 없이 전시장 2개 층만을 빌려 쓰는 초라한 상황은 격세지감을 느끼게 했다. 본 고는 수년 동안 렌즈 전문가의 입장으로 본 전시회를 다녀온 다카노 에이이치 선생이 전시회를 참관하고 나름대로 느낀 소감을 원고로 작성하여 광학세계에 기고한 것이다. 번역은 (주)이오시스템의 박성천 과장이 수고해주셨다.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.4
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• pp.81-99
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• 2004

If we are to analyze certain chromatic phenomena, we must first know what “color” is； we must identify its essential characteristics in an effort to achieve a more rational comprehension of visual phenomena in general. What is difficult for most observers to grasp is that seeing colors is no different than seeing shapes. Indeed, all aspects of the objects in the world surrounding us-shape, size, distance, movement, as well as color--are seen via our perceptual system. (omitted)

• 대한임상약리학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1995.12a
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• pp.45-45
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• 1995