• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.211-219
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• 2013

Objective : The objectives of the present study were to characterize the natural course of initially non-operated traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and to identify the risk factors of hematoma progression. Methods : Retrospective analysis was performed using sequential computed tomography (CT) images maintained in a prospective observational database containing 177 ASDH cases treated from 2005 to 2011. Patients were allocated to four groups as followings; 136 (76.8%) patients to the spontaneous resolution group, 12 (6.8%) who underwent operation between 4 hours and 7 days to the rapid worsening group (RWG), 24 (13.6%) who experienced an increase of hematoma and that underwent operation between 7 and 28 days to the subacute worsening group (SWG), and 5 (2.8%) who developed delayed aggravation requiring surgery from one month after onset to the delayed worsening group (DWG). Groups were compared with respect to various factors. Results : No significant intergroup difference was found with respect to age, mechanism of injury, or initial Glasgow Coma Scale. The presence of combined cerebral contusion or subarachnoid hemorrhage was found to be a significant prognostic factor. Regarding CT findings, mixed density was common in the RWG and the SWG. Midline shifting, hematoma thickness, and numbers of CT slices containing hematoma were significant prognostic factors of the RWG and the SWG. Brain atrophy was more severe in the SWG and the DWG. Conclusion : A large proportion of initially non-operated ASDHs worsen in the acute or subacute phase. Patients with risk factors should be monitored carefully for progression by repeat CT imaging.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.227-234
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• 2014

The effect of different feeding rate on the growth and survival rate of the abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, were investigated in marine net cage culture and indoor tank culture. Feeding rate is determined that was fed 5, 10, 15 and 20 percentage to abalone at body weight once daily : 5 daily feeding rate (DFR), 10DFR, 15DFR and 20DFR. After that, it was conducted to reared during thirteen month with two replicates in net-cage culture and indoor tank culture. In the growth performance of reared abalone (initial mean shell length $54.18{\pm}7.39mm$) in net cage culture, that the absolute growth rate (ARG), daily growth rate (DGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) to the shell length and shell breadth, as well as weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG) and specific weight gain (SWG) to body weight of 20DFR were lower than those of different groups (P < 0.05). Also, survival rates of 20DFR was lower than those of different groups (P < 0.05). In the growth performance of reared abalone (initial mean shell length $49.70{\pm}2.28mm$) in indoor tank culture, that the ARG, DGR and SGR to the shell length and shell breadth, as well as WG, DWG and SWG to body weight of 5DFR and 10DFR were lower than those of different groups (P < 0.05). And also, survival rates of 20DFR was lower than those of different groups (P < 0.05). Therefore, these results is showed that the daily feeding rate for natural feed in net-cage culture and indoor tank culture should be to supply among 5-10 percents, taking into account growth, survival rate and economical efficiency.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2000.06b
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• pp.157-160
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 DVCR용 2-4-8 DCT core의 VSIA(Virtual Socket Interface Allience) 2.2 compliant IP의 구현에 대하여 기술한다. 본 논문에서 기술한 2-4-8 DCT/IDCT core는 Soft IP이며, VSIA의 deliverable document ver. 2.2에서 정의한 Soft-IP에 대한 72가지의 필수 항목, 조건부 필수 항목, 권고 항목 등의 전달물을 각 DWG(Development Working Group)의 사양에서 정의하고 있는 규격에 맞추어 가공하였다. 또한 본 논문에서는 Soft-IP에 대한 VSIA 권고안 및 VSIA deliverable list에 대하여 기술하고, VSIA compliant IP화를 위한 방법에 대하여 설명하였다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.374-385
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• 2015

In this paper, effective and user friendly CAM software is presented that automatically generates any three dimensional complex toolpaths according to a CAD drawing. In advanced manufacturing, often it is essential to scan the sample following a complex trajectory which consists of short (few microns) and multidirectional moves. The reported CAM software offers constant velocity for all short trajectory elements and provides an efficient shift of tool path direction in sharp corners of a tool trajectory, which is vital for any laser, based precision machining. The software also provides fast modification of tool path, automatic and efficient sequencing of path elements in a complicated tool trajectory, location of reference point and automatic fixing of geometrical errors in imported drawing exchange files (DXF) or DWG format files.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.16 no.2 s.68
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• pp.40-52
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• 2001

본 논문은 반도체 공정이나 설계환경에 무관하게 재사용이 가능하면서 라이센스에 의해 보호되는 전자회로 설계 모듈 IP에 관한 세계적인 표준안들에 대하여 살펴본다. 현재 선진 외국의 반도체, 통신 관련 기업들은 자신들의 기능 모듈을 IP화 하는 데 있어서 1996년에 설립된 IP의 국제 표준화 단체인 VSIA의 표준안에 부합하도록 노력하고 있다. 현재까지 VSIA는 약 1,000페이지에 달하는 13종의 사양서와 표준안 및 기술문서를 개발하였으며, 전세계 200여 개의 회원기관에 공개하고 있다. 이와 같은 표준안들은 모든 회원사들이 제안하는 시스템 통합, 테스트, 혼성신호, 온칩버스, 검증, 보안 등의 표준관련 제안들을 8개의 VSIA DWG에서 심의하여 확정하며 계속적인 보완과 수정 및 추가가 진행되고 있다. 본 고는 가장 최신 버전들을 중심으로 IP의 표준화 동향을 파악 분석하고, 표준안들의 본질을 정의하였으며, VSIA 표준안에 부합 시킬 수 있는 절차를 체계화 함으로 국내의 IP 개발에 일조를 하고자 하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.707-710
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• 2005

과거 지리정보시스템 서비스들은 단일 어플리케이션에서 동작되어 왔다. 데이터 처리 기술의 급속한 발전과 컴퓨터 및 Mobile 사양이 높아지면서 사용자들은 각각의 지리정보시스템 자체 데이터는 물론, 이질적인 다른 여러 지리정보시스템의 통합 가시화와 효율적인 공유를 요구하고 있다. 그러나, 많은 지리정보시스템 어플리케이션들은 자체 데이터 포맷과 상이한 데이터 포맷에 대해서 처리하지 못하는 단점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 지리정보시스템의 대표적인 형식이고 국립지리원에서 제공하고 있는 DXF(Drawing eXchange Format)파일 포맷과 현재 사용되고 있는 지리 정보인 DWG(DraWinG), SHP(SHaPefile)등의 포맷을 통합된 하나의 뷰어를 통해 가시화하기 위한 IMP(Integrated Map Preprocessor)를 설계한다. 또한 Mobile 지리정보시스템 환경에서의 데이터 활용을 효과적으로 하기 위해 추출된 정보를 공통된 기준의 의미부여로 인덱싱화하여 DB에 저장한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society Of Semiconductor Equipment Technology
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.84-88
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• 2005

본 연구에서는 백색광원용 조명램프에 필요한 고밀도로 집적된 LED 어레이를 제작하기 위하여 반도체제조 공정에 필요한 포토마스크를 AutoCAD 상에서 설계하였으며 레이저 리소그래피 장비를 이용하여 포토마스크를 제작하였다. 웨이퍼상에 LED칩을 개별적으로 제작한 후 이들을 직렬 및 병렬로 금속배선하여 연결하였다. 특히 AutoCAD로 각 공정의 포토마스크 패턴을 설계 작업한 후 DWG 파일을 DXF 파일로 변환하여 레이저빔으로 스캔닝하였다. 이를 소다라임 유리판 위에 크롬을 증착한 후 각 패턴에 맞추어 식각 함으로써 포토마스크를 제작하였다. 또한 2인치 InGaN/GaN 다중 양자우물구조의 광소자용 에피박막이 증착된 사파이어 웨이퍼에 포토마스크를 활용하여 반도체 제조공정을 수행하였으며, 금속배선된 백색LED램프를 제작하였다.

• The Korean Journal of Malacology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.103-109
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• 2016

The effect of different feeding rate on the growth and survival rate of 3-year-old abalone, Haliotis dicsus hannai were investigated in marine net cage culture. Feeding rate is determined that was fed 5, 10, 15 and 20 percentage to abalone at body weight once daily : 5 daily feeding rate (DFR), 10 DFR, 15 DFR and 20 DFR. After that, it was conducted to reared during thirteen month with two replicates in net cage culture. In the growth performance of reared abalone (initial mean shell length $73.77{\pm}11.27mm$) in net cage culture, that the absolute growth rate (ARG), daily growth rate (DGR) and specific growth rate (SGR) to the shell length and shell breadth, as well as weight gain (WG), daily weight gain (DWG) and specific weight gain (SWG) to body weight of 5 DFR were higher than those of different groups (P < 0.05). Also, survival rate of all feeding rate groups was not significant, but it was showed bellow 30 percents. Therefore, these results is showed that the daily feeding rate for natural feed of 3-year-old abalones reared in net cage culture should be to supply among five to ten percents.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.806-817
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• 2014

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of providing different levels of a supplement on the nutritional characteristics and productive performance of heifers on pasture during the rainy-dry transition and dry season in Brazil or tropical area. Thirty crossbred heifers with predominance of Zebu breed were used in a completely randomized experimental design. Treatments consisted of a mineral supplement and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, or 2.0 kg/animal/d of a protein supplement containing 300 g crude protein (CP)/kg of dry matter (DM). In the rainy-dry transition season there was quadratic effect of the protein supplementation (p<0.10) on daily weight gain (DWG). A linear relationship (p<0.10) was found between increasing supplement intake and intakes of DM, organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), non fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) and total digestible nutrients (TDN). Coefficients of apparent digestibility of CP, EE, and NFC increased linearly (p<0.10) with increasing supplement levels, but there was no effect on the DM apparent digestibility (p>0.10); the microbial efficiency (g CPmic/kg TDN) and the relationship of microbial nitrogen flow with nitrogen intake (g/g nitrogen intake) were negative linear profiles. In the dry season, the descriptive pattern least squares means showed a trend of stabilization of DWG from the supply of 0.98 kg of protein supplement; the intakes of DM, OM, CP, EE, NFC, and TDN showed increasing linear relationship (p<0.10) with protein supplement levels; the means of apparent digestibility coefficients of the different dietary fractions presented a linear-response-plateau (LRP); the microbial nitrogen flow (g/d) showed positive linear profile (p<0.10) for supplementation levels. It is concluded that supplementation improves the productive performance of grazing heifers and that 1.0 kg/d of supplement per animal gives the maximum increment of weight gain.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.151-163
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• 2004

This study aims to develop a standard protocol by which users can exchange data information efficiently between KOSDIC and GIS. The ultimate goal from this study is to propose a data exchange format using KOSIC. The background of this study is that GIS industry sector is vigorously developing linked to spatial information construction such as UIS, LIS, EIS, AM/FM through supporting by regional government institution. According to do, the format of data transformation becomes major issue. GIS data can easily transfer to CAD version but when CAD data convert to GIS format (DWG->DXF->SHP) cannot get high success rate due to errors and problems. In addition, CAD data feature is made from oriental structure which is made of point and line faeture so that GIS system is impossible to data transformation. In the reason, the biggest problem is discordance of symbolization in integration and standard of data format. By investigation the usability of this study, conclusion are drawn efficient alternative plan in data transformation. Though this wort we will be able to provide a better transformation of data conversion between CAD format and GIS format. Accordingly, it is of important to enrich the integrated construction information infrastructure, which accommodates ever-changing constructions environment.