• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2022

Purpose: Cholestasis resulting from cytomegalovirus (CMV)-induced hepatitis manifests in 40% of patients with a CMV infection. Ganciclovir treatment in children with CMV infections has proven to be highly effective. Until now, there are very few studies have identified predictive factors for liver biochemistry improvement after ganciclovir therapy. This study aimed to identify the predictors of liver biochemistry improvement in patients with CMV cholestasis after ganciclovir treatment. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using medical records from Dr. Sardjito General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia from 2013 to 2018. CMV cholestasis was confirmed based on serum CMV IgG and IgM positivity and/or blood and urine CMV antigenemia positivity. Incomplete medical records and other etiologies for cholestasis, such as biliary atresia, choledochal cyst, metabolic diseases, and Alagille syndrome, were excluded. Patient age at cholestasis diagnosis and ganciclovir treatment, duration of CMV cholestasis, history of prematurity, central nervous system involvement, and nutritional status were analyzed and presented as an odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: CMV cholestasis with ganciclovir therapy was found in 41 of 54 patients. Multivariate analysis showed that a shorter duration of CMV cholestasis (OR: 4.6, 95% CI: 1.00-21.07, p=0.04) was statistically significant for liver biochemistry improvement after 1 month of ganciclovir treatment. The remaining factors that were analyzed were not significant predictors of liver biochemistry improvement in patients with CMV cholestasis after ganciclovir treatment. Conclusion: A shorter duration of CMV cholestasis is the predictor of liver biochemistry improvement after 1 month gancyclovir treatment.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.329-333
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• 2021

V2G (Vehicle to Grid) technology for an EV (Electric Vehicle) has been assumed as so promising in a near future for its useful energy resource concept but still yet to be developed around the world for specific service purposes through various R&BD projects. Basically, V2G returns power stored in vehicle at a cheaper or unused time to the grid at more expensive or highly peaked time, and is accordingly supposed to provide such roles like peak shaving or load levelling according to customer load curve, frequency regulation or ancillary reserves, and balancing power fluctuation to grid from the weather-sensitive renewable sources like wind or solar generations. However, it has recently been debated over its prominent usage as diffusing EVs and the required charging/discharging infrastructure, partially for its addition of EV ownership costs with more frequent charging/discharging events and user inconvenience with a relative long-time participation in the previously engaged V2G program. This study suggests that a Korean DR (Demand Response) service integrated V2G system especially based upon a dynamic charge/pause/discharge scheme newly proposed to ISO/IEC 15118 rev. 2 can deal with these concerns with more profitable business model, while fully making up for the additional component (ex. battery) and service costs. It also indicates that the optimum economic, environmental, and grid impacts can be simulated for this V2G-DR service particularly designed for EV aggregators (V2G service providers) by proposing a specific V2G engagement program for the mediated DR service providers and the distributed EV owners.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2000.02a
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• pp.30-30
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• 2000

당사는 각종 진공 장비를 개발/제작한 경험을 바탕으로 25년 동안 진공 산업 발전에 기여하여 왔으며 자체 기술로 HIGH VACUUM 응용시스템 설계 및 제작하고 있다. 이와 함께 3D CAD를 이용한 consulting 및 Modeling 분석을 수행하여, 자체 기술로 설계 및 제작 판매하고 있다. Vacuum System은 In-line System (ITO, SiO2, Cr Tio2, Ag, Al 등), Roll to Roll(Web) Sputtering system (ITO, SiO2, Ar, Metal 등), 유기 EL 박막 진공 증착 장치, PECVD System, Evaporator 시스템 등을 제작 공급하고 있다. 현재 Roll to Roll(Web) Sputtering System은 Dual Cathode를 사용하는 방식으로 개발중에 있으며, 평판 디스플레이용 대면적 Glass를 위한 In-line Sputtering System을 같이 개발하고 있다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.1179-1186
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• 2010

The antiradical property of hot water extract from dried radish (DR) or dried radish roasted with pressure (DRRP) was investigated in vitro and in LLC-PK1 cell system. The contents of total free amino acid and reducing sugar in DR were decreased by 72.86% and 3.17%, respectively, after pressurized roasting. In vitro test, $IC_{50}$ for DR and DRRP for DPPH radical scavenging activity were 646.70 and $135.45\;{\mu}g/mL$, 896.10 and $566.98\;{\mu}g/mL$ for superoxide anion radical, and 722.26 and $531.84\;{\mu}g/mL$ for hydroxy radical, respectively. The radical scavenging effects of DRRP was significantly greater than those for DR (p<0.001). These radical scavenging effects of DR and DRRP were confirmed in LLC-$PK_1$ at which oxidative stresses were induced by superoxide, nitric oxide and peroxynitrite generated in the treatment of pyrogallol, SNP, and SIN-1, respectively. Cell viability was increased in the presence of DR or DRRP, dose dependently (p<0.05), and TBARS formation was decreased. The protective effects of DRRP against oxidative damage in LLC-$PK_1$ were greater than those of DR at the same concentration tested (p<0.05). This superior antiradical activity of DRRP might be due to the products produced during the pressurized roasting in addition to the antioxidative compounds originally present in the radish. 5-hydroxyl methyl furfural (5-HMF) known as an intermediate product of the maillard reaction was detected in DRRP (0.57 mg/g), but not from DR. In conclusion, daily consumption of DRRP may prevent oxidative damage by retarding oxidative stress.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.223-240
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• 2009

As in any engineering application, the problem of structural assessment should face the different uncertainties present in real world. The main source of uncertainty in Health Monitoring System (HMS) applications are those related to the sensor accuracy, the theoretical models and the variability in structural parameters and applied loads. In present work, two methodologies have been developed to deal with these uncertainties in order to adopt reliable decisions related to the presence of damage. A simple example, a steel beam analysis, is considered in order to establish a liable comparison between them. Also, such methodologies are used with a developed structural assessment algorithm that consists in a direct and consistent comparison between sensor data and numerical model results, both affected by uncertainty. Such algorithm is applied to a simple concrete laboratory beam, tested till rupture, to show it feasibility and operational process. From these applications several conclusions are derived with a high value, regarding the final objective of the work, which is the implementation of this algorithm within a HMS, developed and applied into a prototype structure.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 2001

Novel supervisory system for WDM transmission link using conventional optical time domain reflectometry was presented. By modifying the structure of erbuim doped fiber amplifier to support bi-directional transmission at arDR pulse wavelength and launching the optical pulse into transmission link in the opposite direction of data signal propagation to avoid the distortion by cross-gain modulation, it is possible to monitor the WDM link in service. To prove the validity of proposed scheme, the supervision result of 2.5 Gbps $\times$ 8 channel WDM 320 km transmission system in service by arDR was presented. And power penalty due to monitoring was measured as smaller than 0.3 dB. .3 dB.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2009.07a
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• pp.541_542
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• 2009

This paper reviews the definition and background of dynamic pricing which is the essential element of demand response system. Also, economic efficiency and related issues on dynamic pricing are studied. Several issues on design and operation of demand response system, which can implement the dynamic pricing, are described. Therefore the results will be helpful for developing the demand response system with dynamic pricing.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.300-305
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• 2007

In this study, we have studied the fabrication and the performance evaluation of digital radiation detector of the based on selenium (a-Se) prototype which is widely researched about recently. The detector was fabricated using amorphous selenium in the specification of active area size $7{\times}8.5"$, pixel pitch $139{\mu}m$, and 12 bit ADC. In order for the performance evaluation of the fabricated detector, we used radiation quality RQA 5 that is suggested by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), and evaluated modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and detective quantum efficiency (DQE). Concerning MTF measurement, we used slit camera (Nuclear Associates, Model : 07-624-2222), and evaluated in the slit method. Also so as to compare the performance evaluation on the detector fabricated in this study, we used Hologic Direct-Ray (DR-1000) and GE Revolution XQ/I system, and evaluated and compared in the same method MTF, NPS, and DQE which are image quality factors. And as a result, the MTF of each detector In Nyquist frequency were evaluated to be 58% (at 3.5 lp/mm) in the case of DR-1000 and 65% (at 2.5 lp/mm) in the case of XQ/I, and that for the detector fabricated in this study was evaluated to be 36% (at 3.51 lp/mm). Also in the case of DQE(0), the detector fabricated in this study, DR-1000 of Hologic company, and XQ/I system of GE company respectively were evaluated as 36%, 32%, and 50%.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.322-329
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• 2016

Voltage-gated $Ca^{2+}$ ($Ca_V$) channels are dynamically modulated by Gprotein-coupled receptors (GPCR). The $M_1$ muscarinic receptor stimulation is known to enhance $Ca_V2.3$ channel gating through the activation of protein kinase C (PKC). Here, we found that $M_1$ receptors also inhibit $Ca_V2.3$ currents when the channels are fully activated by PKC. In whole-cell configuration, the application of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), a PKC activator, potentiated $Ca_V2.3$ currents by ~two-fold. After the PMA-induced potentiation, stimulation of $M_1$ receptors decreased the $Ca_V2.3$ currents by $52{\pm}8%$. We examined whether the depletion of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate ($PI(4,5)P_2$) is responsible for the muscarinic suppression of $Ca_V2.3$ currents by using two methods: the Danio rerio voltage-sensing phosphatase (Dr-VSP) system and the rapamycin-induced translocatable pseudojanin (PJ) system. First, dephosphorylation of $PI(4,5)P_2$ to phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) by Dr-VSP significantly suppressed $Ca_V2.3$ currents, by $53{\pm}3%$. Next, dephosphorylation of both PI(4)P and $PI(4,5)P_2$ to PI by PJ translocation further decreased the current by up to $66{\pm}3%$. The results suggest that $Ca_V2.3$ currents are modulated by the $M_1$ receptor in a dual mode-that is, potentiation through the activation of PKC and suppression by the depletion of membrane $PI(4,5)P_2$. Our results also suggest that there is rapid turnover between PI(4)P and $PI(4,5)P_2$ in the plasma membrane.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.499-505
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• 2010

Background: There have been several reports using animal experiments that CD1-restricted T-cells have a key role in tumor immunity. To address this issue, we studied the expression of markers for CD1c+ myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) isolated from peripheral blood in the clinical setting. Material and Method: A total of 24 patients with radiologically suspected or histologically confirmed lung cancer who underwent pulmonary resection were enrolled in this study. The patients were divided according to histology findings into three groups: primary adenocarcinoma of lung (PACL), primary squamous cell carcinoma of lung (PSqCL) and benign lung disease (BLD). We obtained 20 mL of peripheral venous blood from patients using heparin-coated syringes. Using flow-cytometry after labeling with monoclonal antibodies, data acquisition and analysis were done. Result: The ratio of CD1c+CD19- dendritic cells to CD1c+ dendritic cells were not significantly different between the three groups. CD40 (p=0.171), CD86 (p=0.037) and HLA-DR (p=0.036) were less expressed in the PACL than the BLD group. Expression of CD40 (p=0.319), CD86 (p=0.036) and HLA-DR (p=0.085) were less expressed in the PACL than the PSqCL group, but the differences were only significant for CD86. Expression of co-stimulatory markers was not different between the PSqCL and BLD groups. Expression of markers for activated DCs were dramatically lower in the PACL group than in groups with other histology (CD40 (p=0.005), CD86 (p=0.013) HLA-DR (p=0.004). Conclusion: These results suggest the possibility that CD1c+ myeloid DCs participate in control of the tumor immunity system and that low expression of markers results in lack of an immune response triggered by dendritic cells in adenocarcinoma of the lung.