• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

The optimization and microwave assisted extraction of stem bark of Terminalia arjuna, quantitative estimation of the marker compounds arjunic acid and arjunolic acid using HPTLC and the evaluation of free radical scavenging activity has been performed in this study. The central composite design was used for optimization and the values of parameters for optimized batch of microwave assisted extraction were 1000 W (Power), 3 minutes (Time) and 1/120 (Solid/solvent ratio). The solvent system to carry out the HPTLC was toluene: acetic acid: ethyl acetate (5: 5: 0.5) and quantitative estimation was done using standard equations obtained from the marker compounds. The in-vitro free radical scavenging activity was performed spectrophotometrically using ascorbic acid as standard. The value of estimated percentage yield of arjunic acid and arjunolic acid was 1.42% and 1.52% which upon experimentation was obtained as 1.38% and 1.51% respectively. The DPPH assay of the different batches of microwave assisted extraction and marker compounds taken suggested that the marker compounds arjunic acid and the arjunolic acid were responsible for the free radical scavenging activity as the batch having the maximum percentage yield of the marker compounds showed best free radical scavenging effect as compared to standard ascorbic acid. The $IC_{50}$ value of the optimized batch was found to be 24.72 while that of the standard ascorbic acid was 29.83. Hence, the yield of arjunic acid and arjunolic acid has direct correlation with the free radical scavenging activity of stem bark extract of Terminalia arjuna and have potential to serve as active lead compounds for free radical scavenging activity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제36권11호
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• pp.1351-1357
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 현재 생식품으로 판매되고 있는 해송이 버섯의 생리활성을 탐색하여 효용가치를 높일 수 있는 기초자료를 얻고자, 해송이 버섯의 일반적인 성분을 조사하고 열수 추출물을 제조하여 항산화 능력을 검토하였다. 그 결과 해송이 버섯은 탄수화물과 조단백질 함량이 높고 조지방 함량이 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 유리 아미노산과 구성아미노산은 각각 46.53 mg/g, 204.86 mg/g으로 나타났고, ${\beta}-glucan$ 함량은 $0.11{\pm}0.01%$로 나타났다. 해송이 버섯 열수 추출물의 총페놀함량, DPPH radical 소거능, 환원력 및 SOD 활성은 시료의 추출농도가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으나 추출시간에는 의존하지 않았다. 또한, DPPH radical 소거능은 총페놀 함량과 비슷한 경향$(R^2=0.9901{\sim}0.7424)$을 보였는데 이것은 해송이 버섯의 항산화 활성이 페놀 화합물과 관련이 깊은 것으로 사료된다. 추출물농도 1 g/100 mL에서 DPPH radical 소거능 $88.42{\sim}91.94%$로 합성항산화제(BHA 96.35%, BHT 95.64%, ascorbic acid 96.97%)와 비슷한 수준의 항산화 활성을 보여 항산화제 소재로서의 가치가 있는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.655-661
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• 2018

본 연구는 국내 식물자원을 이용한 압착 오일의 화장품소재로서 항산화 활성 평가를 실시하였다. 4종류의 종실에서 기름을 착유하여 gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GCMS)로 지방산 성분 분석을 비교하고 항산화 활성을 확인하기 위해 DPPH radical scavenging과 ABTS radical cation decolorization 활성을 측정하였다. 호박씨 오일, 동백씨 오일, 땅콩 오일은 불포화지방산이 포화지방산 보다 높은 비율을 보였으며, 열처리 후에도 고추씨 오일을 제외하고는 불포화지방산이 포화지방산보다 높은 비율을 차지했다. DPPH에서 고추씨 오일은 농도 $200{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$에서 87.84%의 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 보였고, 호박씨 오일, 땅콩오일 그리고 동백씨 오일은 $1000{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$에서 각각 75.20%, 74.16%, 43.18%의 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다. ABTS에서는 고추씨 오일은 농도 $200{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$에서 76.72%의 가장 높은 항산화 활성을 보였고, 호박씨 오일, 땅콩 오일 그리고 동백씨 오일은 $1000{\mu}{\ell}/m{\ell}$에서 각각 76.25%, 73.34%, 41.26%로 가장 높은 활성을 나타냈다. 양성대조군인 올리브 오일과 비교하여 DPPH에서는 고추씨 오일, 호박씨 오일 그리고 땅콩 오일이 대조군 보다 높은 항산화 활성을 보였고, ABTS에서는 고추씨 오일, 호박씨 오일이 높은 항산화 활성을 보였다. 열처리 후 항산화 활성능력은 근소한 차이를 보여, 본 연구를 통해 4종의 오일은 화장품 용 소재로서 유용하게 활용 될 수 있는 가능성을 가진 것으로 평가되었다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.64-69
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• 2016

A method for simultaneously identifying antioxidative compounds was developed using time-based LC-MS coupled with DPPH assay regardless of the time consuming process. The methanolic extract of Polygonum aviculare (Polygonaceae) showed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity. Time-based DPPH assay for simultaneous identification of active compounds from the extracts of P. aviculare was used. Major peaks of ethyl acetate fraction of P. aviculare showed high DPPH radical scavenging activity. A simple phenolic compound (1) and six flavonoids (2-7) were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction of P. aviculare by silica gel and sephadex LH-20 column chromatography. The structures of seven compounds were determined to be protocatechuic acid (1), catechin (2), myricitrin (3), epicatechin-3-O-gallate (4), avicularin (5), quercitrin (6), and juglanin (7) based on the analysis of the $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR and ESI-MS data. All compounds exhibited significant antioxidant activity on DPPH assay and active compounds were well correlated with predicted one.

• ALGAE
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2005

Hizikia fusiformis is well known edible brown seaweed both in Korea and Japan. It has been intensively studied due to its pronounced health benefits. In this study, the radical scavenging (antioxidative) activities of its hydrophilic phlorotannin constituents were studied. An aqueous extract/original extract (OE) of H. fusiformis was initially prepared with heat, enzymes and pH control treatments. Then the original extract was further fractionated (with methylene chloride and methanol) and crude hydrophilic phlorotannin extract (CHPE) was prepared. The radical scavenging activities of both OE and CHPE were determined by using electron spin resonance (ESR) spectrophotometric assays such as 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl and alkyl radical assays. The CHPE reported significantly (p < 0.05) higher total phenolic (phlorotannins) content (1.23 mg ${\cdot}ml^{-1}$) than that of the OE (0.21 mg ${\cdot}ml^{-1}$). Both OE and CHPE have reported good radical scavenging activities and those activities were dose-dependent. The CHPE have demonstrated significantly higher radical scavenging activities than that of the OE. In comparison, the DPPH radical (6 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ M) scavenging activities of all the CHPE concentrations (0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg ${\cdot}ml^{-1}$) tested were significantly higher (37.3, 78.2 and 91.6%, respectively) than that of the OE counterparts (11.4, 34.6 and 61.7%, respectively). Alkyl radical scavenging percentages of CHPE at 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25 and 0.5 mg${\cdot}ml^{-1}$ were significantly higher (34.3, 69.2, 80.4 and 88.7%, respectively) than that of the OE (16.6, 41.4, 62.3 and 77.4%, respectively). The percentages of hydroxyl radical scavenging activities of CHPE at the concentrations of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 mg ${\cdot}ml^{-1}$ were 32.5, 59.4 and 84.2 % respectively. Moreover, the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity of OE was quite lower than that of the CHPE. Therefore, these results suggest that the hydrophilic phlorotannins of H. fusiformis are potential radical scavengers thus, a great source of antioxidative nutraceuticles.

• 생약학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.130-135
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• 2010

This study was performed to the activity of antioxidant and anti-diabetic from Zanthoxylum schnifolium fruit. The Zanthoxylum schnifolium fruits were extracted with water, 100% methanol, 100% ethanol, 70% methanol and 70% ethanol. The activities of each extracts were measured by antioxidant tests, such as total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, hydroxyl radical activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power and $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition activity assay. The water extract represented the highest activity in the antioxidants properties in vitro, including hydroxyl radical activity, DPPH radical scavenging activity, reducing power. Furthermore, water extract also showed significantly high total phenolic contents but the 100% methanol extract showed high total flavonoid contents estimated as $196.48{\mu}g/mg$. The $IC_{50}$ values for $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibition activity of the 100% ethanol and 100% methanol extracts were $275.66{\mu}g/mg$ and $261.44{\mu}g/mg$. Our results indicated that the Zanthoxylum schnifolium fruit expected to be useful as antioxidants.

• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 1998년도 Proceedings of UNESCO-internetwork Cooperative Regional Seminar and Workshop on Bioassay Guided Isolation of Bioactive Substances from Natural Products and Microbial Products
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• pp.182-182
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• 1998

The root of Aralia continentalis Kitagawa(Araliaceae) have been used as an analgesic and fever remedy, and for treatment of rheumatism in Chinese medicine, whereas the young leaves are used for salad. An antioxidant activity of the young leaves of A continentalis was determined by measuring lipid peroxide produced when a mouse liver homogenate was exposed to the air at 37$^{\circ}C$, using 2-thiobarbituric acid(TBA) and by evaluation the radical scavenging activity on 1,l-diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. Bioassay guided fractionation of MeOH extract isolated six flavonoid compounds as active components from EtOAc fraction. Adenosine and two saponins were isolated from the weak active BuOH fraction. The antioxidant effect by DPPH radical scavenging activity showed that quercetin was the most active among these compounds. Hyperoside and kaempferol were also active, while 6"-O-acetyl astragalin, astragalin, trifolin, adenosine, oleanolic acid 28-O-glucosyl ester and salsoloside C methyl ester were almost inactive. All the compounds were identified by spectroscopic methods.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2016

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate anti-aging and antioxidant effects of extracts of Nelumbo nucifera leaves (NN-L) using ethanol on skin .Methods : Each part of leaves(NN-L), flowers(NN-F) and stem(NN-S) was extracted with 70% ethanol. We performed radical scavenging assay(DPPH, ABTS+, Superoxide anion radical), elastase inhibition assay, collagenase inhibition assay. NN-L extracts were tested for cell viability(MTT assay), MMP-1 inhibition and MMP-1 protein expression on CCD-986sk cells (human fibroblast line).Results : Recently, many studies have reported that elastin is also involved in inhibiting or repairing wrinkle formation, although collagen is a major factor in the skin wrinkle formation. We measured its free radical scavenging activity, elastase inhibitory activity and expression of MMP-1 (matrix metalloprotease-1) in human fibroblast cells. Among the parts of Nelumbo nucifera, NN-L showed the highest antioxidant activities and in radical scavenging. DPPH, ABTS+ and Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity of NN-L at concentration of 1,000 μg/mL were 91.43%, 99.31% and 73.7% respectively. In vitro elastase and collagenase inhibition effects of NN-L at concentration of 1,000 μg/mL was 42.8% and 55.3% respectively. The ethanol extract of NN-L showed cell viability of 95.4% in 50 μg/mL concentration. In addition, The results from Western blot assay showed that NN-L decreased the expression of MMP-1 protein in a dose-dependent manner (by up to 35.0% at 50 μM).Conclusion : The findings suggest that the NN-L great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with antioxidant and anti-wrinkling effects.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.409-416
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• 2022

식재료로서 안전성이 확립되고 항산화성이 입증되어 있으며, 유익한 생리활성을 나타내는 성분을 동시에 섭취할 수 있는 과일 및 야채의 복합 추출물을 항산화 활성이 더욱 증가하도록 가공한 항산화성 복합 추출물의 항산화 활성을 평가하였다. 실험 결과에 의하면 항산화성 복합 추출물은, 사전 열처리 과정을 추가하는 것에 의해 DPPH 라디컬 소거능으로 측정되는 항산화능이 41% 증가하여 항산화성이 현저하므로, 항산화능을 이용한 약학 조성물, 화장료 조성물 또는 식품 조성물에 유용하게 사용될 수 있다는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.427-435
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• 2019

Background: A growing interest in health has increased the need for the development of potent antioxidant materials known to play a role in various physiological activities. Currently research and development of non-toxic natural antioxidants with high activity is ongoing. Methods and Results: In this study, we measured 2,2'-azinobis- (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging ability of 10 plant essential oils, selecting samples of Dendranthema indicum, Dendranthema zawadskii, and Citrus sunki essential oils. The samples were analyzed using liquid chromatography (LC) and the radical scavenging activity on LC-based systems with the same conditions. In the LC-mass spectroscopy (MS)/MS analysis of the active compound peak, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol with a molecular weight of 150.1 g/mol was identified in C. sunki essential oils. Eugenol or isoeugenol with a molecular weight of 164.1 g/mol as identified in D. indicum and D. zawadskii essential oils as radical scavenging active compounds. Conclusions: In the LC-based measurement system, the active ingredient can be identified by simultaneously conducting profile analysis and the radical scavenging activity of essential oil samples. In addition, LC-MS/MS analysis of the active compound peaks can be performed under the same separation conditions to obtain data that can identify the active compounds in the sample.