• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.604-610
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• 1995

The interaction between 3,3'-dipropyl oxacarbocyanine and poly(styrenesulfonate) has been studied by means of absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic methods. The results was interpreted by stacking model. The kinetic studies of the interaction between 3,3'-dipropyl oxacarbocyanine and poly(styrenesulfonate) were carried out by the absorption and fluorescence spectroscopic stopped-flow methods. The observed relaxation effect in DPC-PSS system was described quantitatively by assuming two relaxation processes. The dependence of rate of reaction on the salt concentration of the solution was also studied. The results are consistent with the two-step mechanism.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.432.2-432.2
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• 2016

A new A-D-A type (Acceptor-Donor-Acceptor) conjugated based on pyridine-borane complex (Donor), non-boron fluorine (Donor) and 2,5-bis(alkyl)-3,6-di(thiophen-2-yl)pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,4(2H,5H)-dione (DPP) (Acceptor) were designed and synthesized via Pd-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction. The synthesized boron based complex exhibited high electron affinity, which indicates deep HOMO energy levels and good visible absorption led to their use as donors in BHJ (bulk heterojunction) solar cells. Inverted devices were fabricated, reaching open-circuit voltage as high as 0.91eV. To probe structure-property relationship and search for design principle, we have synthesized pyridine-boron based electron donating small molecules. In this study, we report a new synthetic approach, molecular structure, charge carrier mobility and morphology of blended film and their correlation with the photovoltaic J-V characteristics in details.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.169-175
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• 1996

An experiment was conducted with male broiler chicks to determine the effect of different dietary phosphorus sources and evaluate the biological availability of phosphorus sources. The biological availability of phosphorus from dicalcium phosphate (DCP) was used as a reference standard (100%) compared to defluorinate phosphate (DFP). DCP and DFP was supplemented to a corn-soy basal diet at levels of 0.05, 0.15, 0.25, 0.35%. Each of 24 pens of 10 male broiler chicks with three replications was used for three weeks. The results indicated that weight gain, feed in-take, feed efficiency, nonphytic phosphorus (NPP) and tibia ash were significantly different among treatments. Dietary supplemental phosphorus of DFP improved weight gain, NPP intake and feed efficiency consistently, whereas supplements of DCP did not show consistent increase. Regression equations was used for the availability of DPP compared with DCP when percent bone ash was a function of total phosphorus in the diet. The percent (%) bone ash of DFP groups compared to that of DCP groups showed a value of 59.98% as a slope ratio. DFP indicated lower biological availability compared to DCP, but it's dietary supplementation tended to increase bone ash and maximize the growth of young broiler chicks.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.44-49
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• 1997

Recent investigation and developments of A. Iqbal on diketo-pyrrolo-pyrrole (DPP) pigments has prompted us to synthesize and close observation of a few properties of these molecules. Described are synthesis, via 1-phenyl-2-ethoxycarbonyl-5-pyrrolinone intermediate, of asymmetric derivatives such as 1,4-Diketo-3-(4-chlorophenyl)-6-phenyl-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (4), 1,4-Diketo-3-(4-bromophenyl)-6-phenybpyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (5), 1,4-Diketo-3-(3-cyanophenyl)-6-phenyl-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (6), 1,4-Diketo-3-(4-cyanophenyl)-6-phenyl-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (7), 1,4-Diketo-3-(4-pyridyl)-6-phenyt-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (8), 1,4-Diketo-3-(3-pyridyl)-6-phenyl-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (9), 1,4-Diketo-3-(2-pyridyl)-6-phenyl-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (10), 1,4-Diketo-3-($\beta$-naphthyl)-6-phenyl-pyrrolo-(3,4c)-pyrrole (11), and UV-Vis absorption spectrum of the above compounds. Results from calculation of their absorption maxima using PISYSTEM are also described.

• Journal of Embryo Transfer
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.319-322
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• 2016

CD26, also known as Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP-4), is a cell surface glycoprotein that belongs to the serine protease family and has wide spread organ distribution throughout the body. CD26 was previously characterized in immune cells but also has important metabolic functions which are not yet fully understood. Thus, we investigated the effect of CD26 in porcine parthenogenetic embryos. We attempted CD26 downregulation of porcine embryos by siRNA, and evaluated CD26 suppression of developmental competencies. Although the porcine embryos injected with CD26 siRNA were able to develop to the early stage, these embryos were decreased to form blastocysts. Our results indicated that CD26 is one of factors for the regulation of development of porcine embryos.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.411-418
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• 2012

Phthalates and di-2-ethylhexyladipate are both widely used as industrial chemicals and exposure high levels over long periods of time can cause toxicity, estrogenic responses and endocrine disruption properties in both humans and animals. So far, their global monitoring in environmental matrices has been performed continuously. A developed method, including modified SPEED'98 (Japan Environment Agency) and USEPA was established for simple and rapid determination of phthalates and di-2-ethylhexyladipate in various matrices. This method was applied to explore the distribution levels in domestic environmental media such as water, soil and sediment. Eight phthalates (DEP(di-ethyl), DEHP(di-[2-ethyl-hexyl]), DprP (di-propyl), DBP(di-n-butyl), DPP(di-n-pentyl), DHP(di-n-hexyl), DCHP(di-cyclohexyl), BBP(butyl benzyl) and Adipate (di-2-ethylhexyl adipate) were investigated by seasonal sampling(spring, autumn) at 24 domestic sites. Phthalates and adipate were not detected in water samples and DEP, DBP, and DEHP were mainly detected in soil and sediment samples. The concentrations of DEP and DBP excluding DEHP in spring were higher in soil than those of sediment. Total concentrations of phthalates were significantly decreased in autumn for both soil and sediment.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.1294-1302
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• 2019

Objective: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), one of the gut peptide hormones, has an action to induce satiety, and its effect as an anti-obesity agent is known. Recently, it has been reported that many herbal medicines have an anti-diabetic effect through inhibition of DPP-4 enzyme and inducing of GLP-1 secretion. It is therefore suggested that GLP-1 may be effective for the treatment of obesity. In this study, we report a case of male obese patients treated with herbal medicine as a GLP-1 secretagogue. Methods: In this study, the patient took a fixed prescription of herbal medicine for 10 weeks and recorded his weight at each visit. Results: This prescription produced significant weight loss (BMI loss>5%). In the follow-up period after two weeks, the trend of weight loss was observed continuously. Conclusion: This prescription can be an alternative to ephedra herba-based obesity treatment.

• BMB Reports
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.606-610
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• 2013

Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) regulates glucose mediated-insulin secretion, nutrient accumulation, and ${\beta}$-cell growth. Despite the potential therapeutic usage for type 2 diabetes (T2D), GLP-1 has a short half-life in vivo ($t_{1/2}$ <2 min). In an attempt to prolong half-life, GLP-1 fusion proteins were genetically engineered: GLP-1 human serum albumin fusion (GLP-1/HSA), AGLP-1/HSA which has an additional alanine at the N-terminus of GLP-1, and AGLP-1-L/HSA, in which a peptide linker is inserted between AGLP-1 and HSA. Recombinant fusion proteins secreted from the Chinese Hamster Ovary-K1 (CHO-K1) cell line were purified with high purity (>96%). AGLP-1 fusion protein was resistant against the dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV). The fusion proteins activated cAMP-mediated signaling in rat insulinoma INS-1 cells. Furthermore, a C57BL/6N mice pharmacodynamics study exhibited that AGLP-1-L/HSA effectively reduced blood glucose level compared to AGLP-1/HSA.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.55-58
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• 2002

The economical producing method of casein phosphopeptide (CPP) and the physicochemical properties related to the solubilization of calcium were studied. Firstly, The compositions of the purified CPP-III were 13.1% of nitrogen, 2.3∼2.4% of phosphate and the ratio of N/P was 5.4∼5.6. In consideration of economic aspects, the preparation method of the CPP- I and II which were lower purity than the CPP-III was established. The physico-chemical property of the CPP was compared with the enzymically dephosphorylated CPP. CPP and polyglutamate effectively inhibited the formation of insoluble calcium phosphates at physiological pH.

• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.151-159
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• 2015

Odontogenic cells express many genes spatiotemporally through complex and intricate processes during tooth formation. Therefore, investigating them during the tooth development has been an important subject for the better understanding of tooth morphogenesis. The present study was performed to identify the genetic profiles which are involved in the morphological changes during the different stages of rat tooth development using the Agilent Rat Oligonucleotide Microarrays. Morphologically, the maxillary 3rd molar germ at 10 days post-partum (dpp) was at the cap/bell stage. In contrast, the maxillary 2nd molar germ showed the root development stage. After microarray analysis, there were a considerable number of up- or down-regulated genes in the 3rd and the 2nd molar germ cells during tooth morphogenesis. Several differentially expressed genes for nerve supply were further studied. Among them, neuroligin 1 (Nlgn 1) was gradually downregulated during tooth development both at the transcription and the translation level. Also, Nlgn 1 was mostly localized in the dental sac, which is an important component yielding the nerve supply. This genetic profiling study proposed that many genes may be implicated in the biological processes for the dental hard tissue formation and, furthermore, may allow the identification of the key genes involved in the nerve supply to the dental sac.