• Title/Summary/Keyword: DPH

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Expression Analysis of Cathepsin F during Embryogenesis and Early Developmental Stage in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

  • Lee, Jang-Wook;Lee, Young Mee;Yang, Hyun;Noh, Jae Koo;Kim, Hyun Chul;Park, Choul-Ji;Park, Jong-Won;Hwang, In Joon;Kim, Sung Yeon;Lee, Jeong-Ho
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.221-229
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    • 2013
  • Cathepsins are members of the multigene family of lysosomal cysteine proteinases and have regulated function in several life processes. The potential role of cathepsin F cysteine gene was expected as protease in the yolk processing mechanism during early developmental stage, but expression analysis was unknown after fertilization. The alignment analysis showed that amino acid sequence of cathepsin F from olive flounder liver expressed sequence tag (EST) homologous to cathepsin F of other known cathepsin F sequences with 87-98% identity. In this study, we examined the gene expression analysis of cathepsin F in various tissues at variety age flounder. Tissue distribution of the cathepsin F mRNA has been shown to be ubiquitous and constitutive pattern regardless of age in each group, although derived from cDNA library using liver sample. The mRNA level of cathepsin F more increased as developmental proceed during embryogenesis and early developmental stage, especially increased in the blastula, hatching stage and 3 days post hatching (dph). As a result, it may suggest that the proteolysis of yolk proteins (YPs) has been implicated as a mechanism for nutrient supply during early larval stages in olive flounder.

Solanum Nigrum Polysaccharide (SNL) Extract Effects in Transplanted Tumor-bearing Mice - Erythrocyte Membrane Fluidity and Blocking of Functions

  • Yuan, Hong-Liang;Liu, Xiao-Lei;Liu, Ying-Jie
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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    • v.15 no.23
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    • pp.10469-10473
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    • 2015
  • Background: Solanum nigrum L. has been used in traditional Chinese medicine because of its diuretic and antipyretic effects. The present research concerned effects of crude polysaccharides isolated from Solanum nigrum L. on erythrocyte membranes of tumor-bearing $S_{180}$ and $H_{22}$ in mice. Materials and Methods: Fluorescence-labeled red blood cell membranes were used with DPH fluorescence spectrophotometry to examine erythrocyte membrane fluidity, and colorimetry to determine degree of erythrocyte surface membrane blocking. Extent of reaction by tumor-bearing mice with the enzyme erythrocyte membrane bubble shadow detection of red cell membrane variation in the degree of closure before and after administration. Results: Solanum nigrum polysaccharide could significantly improve the $S_{180}$ and $H_{22}$ tumor-bearing mice erythrocyte membrane fluidity, compared with the control group, the difference was significant (p<0.01), SNL can significantly improve the red blood cell membrane and then $S_{180}$ tumor-bearing mice sealing ability, compared with the negative control group, the difference was significant(p<0.05, p<0.01). $H_{22}$ tumor-bearing mice can increase red cell membrane and then sealing ability, the difference was significant (p<0.05). Solanum nigrum polysaccharide degree of fluidity and blocking two transplanted tumors in mice restored the ability to raise the red cell membrane has a significant effect. Conclusions: Solanum nigrum L.-type mice transplanted tumor can affect the red blood cell membrane fluidity and re-closed, through the red cell membrane of red blood cells to enhance the immune function of the possibility of erythrocyte immunity against tumor formation garland provide experimental basis.

Identification of Recently Selected Mutations Driven by Artificial Selection in Hanwoo (Korean Cattle)

  • Lim, Dajeong;Gondro, Cedric;Park, Hye Sun;Cho, Yong Min;Chai, Han Ha;Seong, Hwan Hoo;Yang, Bo Suk;Hong, Seong Koo;Chang, Won Kyung;Lee, Seung Hwan
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.26 no.5
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    • pp.603-608
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    • 2013
  • Hanwoo have been subjected over the last seventy years to intensive artificial selection with the aim of improving meat production traits such as marbling and carcass weight. In this study, we performed a signature of selection analysis to identify recent positive selected regions driven by a long-term artificial selection process called a breeding program using whole genome SNP data. In order to investigate homozygous regions across the genome, we estimated iES (integrated Extended Haplotype Homozygosity SNP) for the each SNPs. As a result, we identified two highly homozygous regions that seem to be strong and/or recent positive selection. Five genes (DPH5, OLFM3, S1PR1, LRRN1 and CRBN) were included in this region. To go further in the interpretation of the observed signatures of selection, we subsequently concentrated on the annotation of differentiated genes defined according to the iES value of SNPs localized close or within them. We also described the detection of the adaptive evolution at the molecular level for the genes of interest. As a result, this analysis also led to the identification of OLFM3 as having a strong signal of selection in bovine lineage. The results of this study indicate that artificial selection which might have targeted most of these genes was mainly oriented towards improvement of meat production.

Ovarian Morphology and Menstrual Cycle of Reproductive Age Women Receiving Anti-Epilepsy Medication (항경련제 투여를 받는 가임기 간질 여성의 난소의 형태 및 월경주기에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Seong-Ho;Ku, Seung Yup
    • Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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    • v.4 no.1
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    • pp.51-55
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    • 2002
  • Background : An increased frequency of reproductive endocrine disorders and polycystic ovary(PCO) has been reported in women with epilepsy. A possible role of the seizure disorder or, of the use of antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) has been suggested as the pathogenic mechanism. The objective of the present study was to assess the prevalence of reproductive endocrine disorders, such as PCO or menstrual abnormalities, in a series of women with epilepsy, examining the possible relationships of these disturbances with different epilepsy syndromes and AED treatment. Methods : Thirty epileptic women, all of reproductive age and none pubertal, pregnant, or lactating, were evaluated by clinical endocrinological assessment, and pelvic ultrasonography. Seven patients were on valproic acid(VPA), nineteen on carbamazepine(CBZ), and four on diphenylhydantoin(DPH) treatment, respectively. Results : Menstrual irregularity was observed in 8 women(26.7%), dysmenorrhea in 7(23.3%), and premenstrual syndrome in 1(3.3%). Ultrasonographic examination revealed that one women(3.3%) showed polycystic ovary, 4(13.3%) had ovarian cyst(s), and 2(6.7%) had uterine myoma, respectively. There was no difference in the prevalence of menstrual abnormalities or polycystic ovary according to the different preparations of AEDs. Conclusions : Data from this investigation suggest that, in Korean reproductive age women, the treatment of AEDs and the kind of medication may not have a significant effect on the prevalence of menstrual abnormalities or ultrasonographic polycystic ovary.

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Transcriptional Onset of Lysozyme Genes during Early Development in Olive Flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)

  • Lee, Jang-Wook;Lee, Jeong-Ho;Noh, Jae Koo;Kim, Hyun Chul;Park, Choul-Ji;Park, Jong-Won;Kim, Kyung-Kil
    • Development and Reproduction
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.267-274
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    • 2014
  • The immune system in teleost fish is not completely developed during embryonic and larval stages, therefore effective innate mechanisms is very important for survival in such an environment. However, the knowledge of the development of immune system assumed to be restricted. In many species, lysozymes have been considered as important genes of the first line immune defense. The early detection of lysozyme mRNA in previous reports, led to the investigation of its presence in oocytes. As a result, c-type lysozyme mRNA transcripts were detected in unfertilized oocytes indicating maternal transfer. Therefore, we investigated the expression patterns of lysozymes in flounder, including the matured oocyte. In our results, c-type lysozyme mRNA was first detected in unfertilized oocyte stage, observed the significantly decreased until hatching stage, and was significantly increased after hatching stage. On the other hand, g-type lysozyme mRNA transcripts were first detected at late neurula stage, and the mRNA level was significantly increased after 20 dph. It may be suggest that maternally supplied mRNAs are selectively degraded prior to the activation of embryonic transcription. This study will be help in understanding the maturation and onset of humoral immunity during development of olive flounder immune system.

Antioxidative Activity of Ulmi cortex Extract (유백피(Ulmi cortex) 추출물의 항산화 활성)

  • 이경행;전은경;유시영;오만진
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.373-379
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    • 2000
  • The Ulmi corex extract was prepared using various solvents to investigate the availability as a natural antioxidant. The extracts were added to lard emulsion and the antioxidant activities were compared. The extract that had a greater antioxidant activity was fractionized. Then the antioxidant activity and substrate specificity of the fraction were examined and optimum concentration of addition was determined. To observe the antioxidative effect of the fraction in vivo, an inhibition rate of lipid peroxidation from which might be derived was measured using a microsome in rat's liver. Among the extracts of Ulmi cortex, the extract from water had the best antioxidant activity, and the addition of 0.05% (w/w) of ethyl acetate fraction showed similar antioxidant activity to a synthetic antioxidant, butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA). Ethyl acetate fraction (0.05%, w/w) also presented the antioxidative effect in lard, soybean oil, palm oil, and com oil. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation in liver microsome showed feater in the ethyl acetate fraction than caffeic acid in both nonenzymatic peroxidation (Fe$\^$++/ascorbate system) and enzymatic peroxidation (Fe$\^$++/-ADP/NaDPH system).

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The Effect of Dimyristoylphosphatidylethanol on the Lateral and Rotational Mobilities of Liposome Lipid Bilayers

  • Jang, Hye-Ock;Huh, Min-Hoi;Lee, Seung-Woo;Lee, Young-Ho;Lee, Jong-Hwa;Seo, Jun-Bong;Koo, Kyo-Il;Jin, Seong-Deok;Jeong, Je-Hyung;Lim, Jang-Seop;Bae, Moon-Kyung;Yun, Il
    • Archives of Pharmacal Research
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    • v.28 no.7
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    • pp.839-847
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    • 2005
  • The aim of this study was to provide the basis to further examine the mode of action of ethanol. Fluorescent probes reported to have different membrane mobilities were used to evaluate the effect of dimyristoylphosphatidylethanol (DMPEt) on the lateral and rotational mobilities of liposome lipid bilayers. An experimental procedure, based on the selective quenching of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) by trinitrophenyl groups, was used. DMPEt increased the bulk lateral and rotational mobilities, and had a greater fluidizing effect on the outer than the inner monolayer. These effects of DMPEt on liposomes may be responsible for some, but not all, of the general anesthetic actions of ethanol.

A Themotropic Behavior of Egg PC Liposome Containing the Very Long Chain Fatty Acyl Component,${\alpha},{\omega}$-13,16-Dimethyloctacosanedioate Dimethyl Ester(DME C30) Isolated from The Thermophilic Anaerobic Bacteria, Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus

  • Kim, Hyeon Myeong;Gang, Se Byeong;Jeong, Seung Ho
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.22 no.9
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    • pp.979-983
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    • 2001
  • Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus is a strictly anaerobic and thermophilic bacterium whose optimum temperature ranges over $65-68^{\circ}C.$ T. ethanolicus was known to contain a bipolar very long chain fatty acyl component such as $\alpha$, $\omega-1316-dimethyloctacosanedioate$, as one of the major membrane components. However, exact physiological role of this unusual component in the membrane remains unknown. Such a very long chain fatty acyl component, $\alpha$, ${\omega}-1316-dimethyloctacosanedioate$, dimethyl ester (DME C30), was isolated, and purified from the membrane of T. ethanolicus. As a function of added concentrations of the $\alpha$, $\omega-1316-dimethyloctacosanedioate$, dimethyl ester (DME C30) or cholesterol into the standard liposomes, the acyl chain ordering effect was investigated by the steady-state anisotropy with 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) as a fluorescent probe. Acyl chain order parameter (S) of vesicles containing DME C30 is higher comparing with phosphatidylcholine (PC) only vesicles. This result was discussed thermodynamically with the aid of the simulated annealing molecular dynamics simulations. Through the investigation of all the possible conformational changes of DME C30 or cholesterol, we showed that DME C30 is very flexible and its conformation is variable depending on the temperature comparing with cholesterol, which is rigid and restricted at overall temperature. We propose that the conformational change of DME C30, not the configurational change, may be involved in the regulation of the membrane fluidity against the changes of external temperature.

Expression Characteristics of Transferrin Gene During Embryo Development and Prolarval Ontogeny in Siberian Sturgeon Acipenser baerii (시베리아 철갑상어(Acipenser baerii) 트랜스페린(Transferrin) 유전자의 발생 배 및 초기 자어에서의 발현 특징)

  • Eun Jeong Kim;Yoon Kwon Nam
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.57 no.1
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    • pp.41-52
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    • 2024
  • Serotransferrin cDNA from the Siberian sturgeon Acipenser baerii was isolated and its expression patterns during early life intervals were characterized. It contained an ORF encoding a 708-aa-long polypeptide, including a 19-aa signal peptide. Bioinfomatic analysis and 3D modeling indicated a typical bi-lobal structure with conserved iron-coordinating residues. During embryonic development, the potential transition of maternally provisioned transcripts to zygotically de novo transcribed ones occurred around blastula stage. The transferrin mRNA levels peaked at stages responsible for pronephros, heart and erythropoietic component differentiation. After hatching, the transferrin mRNA expression gradually increased at early ontogenic phases (0 to 3 DPH) corresponding to the periods in which prolarvae exhibited increased blood circulation and liver differentiation. The expression decreased at subsequent stages in which prolarvae exhibited benthic movement. The tissue distribution assay indicated liver-predominant expression at fingerling stage. From the microinjection-based challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila at day-0 and day-7, the transcriptional response was modulated toward upregulation, in which the amounts induced at 6, 12 and 24 HPI were greater in prolarvae injected at day-7 than at day-0. Therefore, transferrin plays important roles in both early development and host protective responses to pathogens in the Siberian sturgeon.

The Effect of Lidocaine.HCl on the Fluidity of Native and Model Membrane Lipid Bilayers

  • Park, Jun-Seop;Jung, Tae-Sang;Noh, Yang-Ho;Kim, Woo-Sung;Park, Won-Ick;Kim, Young-Soo;Chung, In-Kyo;Sohn, Uy Dong;Bae, Soo-Kyung;Bae, Moon-Kyoung;Jang, Hye-Ock;Yun, Il
    • The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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    • v.16 no.6
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    • pp.413-422
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    • 2012
  • The purpose of this study is to investigated the mechanism of pharmacological action of local anesthetic and provide the basic information about the development of new effective local anesthetics. Fluorescent probe techniques were used to evaluate the effect of lidocaine HCl on the physical properties (transbilayer asymmetric lateral and rotational mobility, annular lipid fluidity and protein distribution) of synaptosomal plasma membrane vesicles (SPMV) isolated from bovine cerebral cortex, and liposomes of total lipids (SPMVTL) and phospholipids (SPMVPL) extracted from the SPMV. An experimental procedure was used based on selective quenching of 1,3-di(1-pyrenyl)propane (Py-3-Py) and 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) by trinitrophenyl groups, and radiationless energy transfer from the tryptophans of membrane proteins to Py-3-Py. Lidocaine HCl increased the bulk lateral and rotational mobility of neuronal and model membrane lipid bilayes, and had a greater fluidizing effect on the inner monolayer than the outer monolayer. Lidocaine HCl increased annular lipid fluidity in SPMV lipid bilayers. It also caused membrane proteins to cluster. The most important finding of this study is that there is far greater increase in annular lipid fluidity than that in lateral and rotational mobilities by lidocaine HCl. Lidocaine HCl alters the stereo or dynamics of the proteins in the lipid bilayers by combining with lipids, especially with the annular lipids. In conclusion, the present data suggest that lidocaine, in addition to its direct interaction with proteins, concurrently interacts with membrane lipids, fluidizing the membrane, and thus inducing conformational changes of proteins known to be intimately associated with membrane lipid.