• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.27-34
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• 1997

This experiment was carried out to determine growth characteristics, dry matter (DM) yield, seasonal yield distribution and nutritive value of early- and late maturity orchardgrass, 1990 to 1992. The cultivars used in this study were Potomac, Hallmark (early maturing cultivar) and Lidacta, Rancho (late maturing cultivar), and a mixture plot (Potomac 25% + Hallmark 25% + Lidacta 25% + Rancho 25%) was involved. The seeding rate was 20 kgha in all treatments. Plant height of Potomac and Hallmark was longer than that of Lidacta and Rancho. The dates of initial heading and 50% heading of early maturing cultivars (Apr. 30 and May 10) were 10 days earlier than those of late matuing cultivars. Potomac and Hallmark were upright, and Lidacta and Rancho were semi-upright type, and severe disease and weeds (30 ~ 40%) were observed at Lidacta plot. On an average of three years, the DM yields of Potomac (10,549 kglna), Hallmark (10,435 kg) and mixture (10,356 kg) were significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of Rancho (9,457 kg) and Lidacta (8,218 kg). However, seasonal yield distribution of late maturing cultivars was better than that of early maturing cultivars. The contents of crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, nitrogen %ee extract, aude ash, neutral detergent fiber, P, K, Ca, and Mg were not significantly different between cultivars, but higher aude protein yield was found at Potomac, Hallmark and mixture plots. Based on the above results, it may be concluded that early maturing cultivars for high productivity, late maturing cultivars for seasonal yield distribution, and seeding of mixture andlor separation of early- and late maturing cultivars are recommended. Also Lidacta was a not promising cultivar due to low productivity, severe disease, and high weeds development.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.190-198
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the forage yield and quality potential of Festulolium braunii (Festuca pratensis Huds. $\times$ Lolium multiflotum Lam) as forage source in Korea. The experimental design was a split plot design with four replications from Feb. 1994 to Jan. 1996 at Hohenheim uniwrsity. Main plots were three forage species {Fesruca pratensis(Cosmos), Lolium mult~~orum(Lemtal) and Festulolium braunii(Pau1ita)) and subplots were three N levels (150,300 and 450kgha). No differences in dry matter(DM) yields were noted between Festulolium braunii and Lolium multj7orum, but DM yields for Festulolium braunii was 138 more than for Fesruca prafensis(P<0.01 ). Total DM yields over all species increased linearly with increasing N levels. The peak of DM yields over 2 years mean at 450kglha N levels were higher for Lolium mulriJotum(l5,724kg) than for Festulolium braunii(14,730kg) and for Festuca pratensis(l3,68 l kg) (P<0.01). OMD, ME, NEL and other minerals of Fesrulolium braunii were slightly higher and CP, Ca and Mg slightly lower than thsoe of Fesruca pratensis, but CP, OMD, NEL and minerals were absolutly higher for Fesrulolium braunii than for Lolium mulriflorum(P<0.01). It appears that Festulolium braunii has higher potential for improvement of the forage quality than Fesruca prarensis or Lolium rnulrijlorum. The content of CP, CF and minerals were increased, wherease OMD, ME and NEL were decreased in all species with increasing N levels. Yields of CP, DOM and NEL over 2 yean mean were increased in all species with increasing N levels. CP, DOM and NEL yields of Festulolium braunii were higher than those of Lolium multiflorum or Festuca pratensis(P

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권10호
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• pp.1383-1389
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• 2004

The nutritive value and utilization of whole crop rice silage (WCRS), Hamasari, at yellow mature stage was determined by three studies. In first study, chemical composition, in vivo digestibility and metabolizable energy (ME) content of WCRS was determined by Holstein steers. WCRS contains 6.23% CP, its digestibility is 48.4% and estimated TDN is 56.4%. Its ME content was 1.91 Mcal/kg DM. Gross energy (GE) retention (% of GE intake) in steers is only 22.7% most of which was lost through feces (44.7% of GE intake). It takes 81 minutes to chew a kg of WCRS by steers. In another study, the effect of Hamasari at yellow mature stage at three stages of lactation (early, mid and late lactation) and two levels of concentrate (40 or 60%) on voluntary intake, ME content and ME intake, milk yield and composition using lactating Holstein dairy cows were investigated. Total intake increased with the concentrate level in early and mid lactation, but was similar irrespective of concentrate level in late lactation. WCRS intake was higher with 40% concentrate level than with 60% concentrate. ME intake by cows increased with the concentrate level and WCRS in early lactating cows with 40% concentrate can support only 90% of the ME requirement. Milk production in accordance with ME intake increased with the increase in concentrate level in early and mid lactating cows but was similar in late lactating cows irrespective of concentrate level. Fat and protein percent of milk in mid and late lactating cows were higher with for 60% concentrate than 40%, but reverse was in early lactating cows. Solids-not-fat was higher with for 60% concentrate than 40% concentrate. Finally in situ degradability of botanical fractions such as leaf, stem, head and whole WCRS, Hamasari at yellow mature stage was incubated from 0 to 96 h in Holstein steers to determine DM and N degradability characteristics of botanical fractions and whole WCRS. Both DM and N solubility, rate of degradation and effective degradability of leaf of silage was lower, but slowly degradable fraction was higher compared to stem and head. Solubility of DM and N of stem was higher than other fractions. The 48 h degradability, effective degradability and rate of degradation of leaf were always lower than stem or head. In conclusion, voluntary intake of silage ranged from 5 to 12 kg/d and was higher with low levels of concentrate, but milk yield was higher with high levels of concentrate. Fat corrected milk yield ranged from 19 to 37 kg per day. For consistency of milk, early lactating cows should not be allowed more than 40% whole crop rice silage in the diet, but late lactating cows may be allowed 60% whole crop rice silage.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2016

본 연구는 이탈리안 라이그라스(Lolium multiflorum Lam.) 국내육성 품종과 수입품종의 생육특성 및 수량성을 평가하기 위하여 국립축산과학원 초지사료과 시험포장(충남 천안시 성환읍)에서 2011년부터 2013년까지 3년 동안 수행하였다. 국내육성 IRG 품종이 도입품종에 비해 전반적으로 내한성이 더 강한 것으로 나타났다. 이탈리안 라이그라스의 ha당 건물수량은 조생종 중에 '코윈어리' 품종이 8,751 kg으로 다른 5품종에 비해 많았으며(p<0.05), 중만생종 중에서는 '화산 104호' 품종이 '화산 101호' 및 '코윈마스터' 품종과 비슷하였고, 다른 품종에 비해서는 건물수량이 많았다(p<0.05). 이상의 연구결과에 의하면 천안지역 논에서 이탈리안 라이그라스를 재배할 경우, 추위에 강하고 수확시기가 빠른 조생종 품종을 선택하는 것이 좋다고 판단되며, 만약 밭에서 이탈리안 라이그라스를 재배한다면 조생종보다는 중만생종이 수량성 면에서 유리할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.222-229
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• 1991

겉뿌림초지 개량효과를 높이기 위해 질소시비수준과 보조초종 라이그라스 조합의 필요성 여부를 구명키 위해 4처리 질소시비수준(0, 100, 200, 300kg/ha)과 3처리 혼파조합(A; orchardgrass+ladino clover, B; orchardgrass+ladino clover+perennial ryegrass, C; orchardgrass+ladino clover+perennial grass+Italian ryegrass)으로 본 시험이 수행되었다. Perennial ryegrass, Italian ryegrass 및 dine clover의 정착률은 질소증시로 증가되었고 ladino clover 의 정착률은 ryegrass조합으로 감소되는 경향이었다. 화본과 목초의 식생구성율을 질소증시에 따라 증가하지만 두과목초와 기존야초류는 감소하였으며 예취회수가 진행됨에 따라 목초율이 증가되고 있다. 목초의 건물수량은 질소시비량에 비례하여 유의적으로 증가하였으며(P<0.05), orchardgrass十ladino clover조합구가 다른 조합구에 비해 수량이 높았으나 유의차는 없었다(P<0.05). 그러나 예취시기별로 볼때 orchardgrass+ladino clover 혼파구의 목초수량이 2회 예취시에만 타 혼파조합구 보다 유의적 증수가 이뤄졌고(P<0.05), orchardgrass十ladino clover조합구에서 기존야초류의 건물수량이 1회와 2회 예취시에만 타 조합구에 비해 유의적 감소를 보였다(P<0. 05). 본 시험의 결론으로는 겉뿌림으로 초지를 개량하기위해서 질소를 적어도 300kg/ha 시용해야 하며 orchardgrass와 ladino clover조합이 이 기본조합에 ryegrass류를 혼파하는 것보다 유리하다고 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1303-1308
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• 2003

Samples of eleven brown midrib (ICSU 96031, ICSU 93046, ICSU 96082, ICSU 96078, ICSU 96075, ICSU 95101, ICSU 96034, ICSU 96063, ICSU 45116, ICSA 93-3 and ICSA 3845 X 3816) and nine white midrib genotypes (ICSU 96050, ICSU 96030, ISU 95082, SSG 59-3, FSHI 93-1, FSHI 2219A X 3211, HC 171, ICSA 93-2 and ICSA 93-1) based on their phenotypic appearance were collected at 50 per cent flowering from the sorghum germplasm grown at Research farm of IGFRI, Jhansi. These genotypes were evaluated with respect to crude protein, fiber composition, in-sacco dry matter, OM, cell wall components disappearance/digestibility besides the fodder yield, total phenolic and availability index values. Brown midrib genotypes were lower (p<0.05) in NDF, ADF, cellulose and acid detergent lignin concentration than white midrib genotypes. Mean NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin contents were 69.4, 42.1, 35.4 and 5.7% in brown mid rib vis-a vis 75.8, 47.5, 39.6 and 7.3% in white mid rib genotypes. Nonsignificant (p>0.05) differences were observed in dry matter, crude protein and organic matter contents between brown midrib and white midrib genotypes. Phenolic contents were significantly (p<0.05) lower in browm mid rib (0.2) than white mid rib (0.3%) sorghum. Brown midrib genotypes exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher in-sacco DM, OM and CP disappearance than normal (white midrib) genotypes. The mean degradability of DM, OM and CP was 64.1, 62.6 and 79.6% in brown mid rib and 53.1, 54.0 and 76.6% in white mid rib genotypes, respectively. There were no significant (p>0.05) differences between genotypes in extent of fiber fraction degradability though in-sacco NDF and ADF degradability was more by 5 and 4 units, respectively in brown midrib genotypes vis-a-vis white midrib genotypes. Average fodder yield (green and dry g/plant) and availability index (%) values were significantly (p<0.05) higher for brown midrib (474.2, 129.8 and 80.4) genotypes than white midrib (375.0, 104.8 and 69.2) genotypes. Lignin contents had significant negative correlation with DM, OM, NDF and ADF degradability. The results of the study revealed that brown midrib genotypes are superior not only with regard to chemical entities and disappearance of DM and fiber fractions but also better in respect of fodder yield and availability index values. Thus, brown midrib sorghum strains may be useful in increasing digestibility, intake, feed efficiency and animal performance.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.135-140
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• 1988

본 시험은 林間草地에서 연간 예측회수(3,4,5回)와 예취높이 (3,6,9cm)가 목초의 生育과 收量 및 초지地植生에 미치는 영향을 究明하여 임간초지의 생산량증대와 이용年限延長을 위한 기초자료를 얻고자 실시되었으며, 林間地의 조건은 南向인 소나무 지대로 選光程度는 30%였다. 연간 예취回數별 乾物收量은 4회 예취구(6097kg), 3회 예취구 (5953kg) > 5회 예취구 (5305kg/ha)순이였으나, 館料價植를 고려한 수량차이는 크지 않을 것으로 사료된다. 예취높이별 乾物수량은 예취회수에 관계없이 예취높이가 3,6,9cm로 높아짐에 따라 有意的으로 증가하였으며 (P

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.117-122
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• 2013

본 시험은 2010년부터 2012년까지 경북 성주에서 2모작 작부체계에 알맞은 다수성이며 조숙성인 콤먼베치의 품종을 선발 할 목적으로 헤어리베치 Cold green, 콤먼베치 Maxivesa, Wild common, Rasina, Morava 및 Blanchefleur의 생육특성, 건물수량 및 사초품질을 평가하였다. 시험설계는 품종을 처리로한 6처리 3반복의 난괴법으로 배치하였다. 파종은 2010년 10월 11일과 2011년 10월 3일에 하였으며 수확은 2011년 5월 4일과 2012년 5월 10일에 실시하였다. 가을의 초형은 Wild common은 부복형이었으며 다른 품종들은 반직립형이었다. 유식물의 활력은 다른 품종들에 비해 Wild common이 다소 낮았다. 내한성은 Cold green과 Wild common이 우수했으나 다른 콤먼베치 품종들은 낮았다. 개화기는 Cold green이 4월 22일로 가장 빨랐으며 Wild common은 4월 26일 Rasina와 Blanchefleur가 4월 28일이었으며 Maxivesa가 5월 17일이었다. 1년차 시험에서 건물수량은 Cold green은 다른 5품종보다 수량이 높았으며 (p<0.05), Wild common은 나머지 4품종보다 많았으며 (p<0.05), Maxivesa와 Blanchefleur는 Rasina와 Morava보다 높았다 (p<0.05). 2년차 시험에서도 건물수량은 Cold green은 다른 5품종 보다 높았으며 (p<0.05), Wild common은 다른 4품종보다 높았다 (p<0.05). 일반적으로 베치의 CP 함량은 높았고 섬유소함량은 낮았다. 가을 파종 콤먼베치의 품종은 개화기가 빠르며 내한성이 강한 Wild common이 좋을 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2013

본 연구는 국내 개발 이탈리안 라이그라스 (IRG)의 봄철 1회 및 2회 이용 시 수확적기를 구명하고자 국립축산과학원(수원)에서 조생종 'Kowinearly' 품종을 공시, 2009년 9월 30일에 파종하여 2010년 6월까지 수행하였다. 처리내용은 1차 수확시기로 출수시(T1), 출수기(T2), 출수후기~개화초기(T3), 개화기~개화후기(T4), 등숙기(T5) 및 등숙후기(T6) 등 6처리였으며, 2차 수량조사는 6월 11일 동일하게 실시하였다. 'Kowinearly'의 출수시는 5월 4~5일, 출수기는 5월 14일, 도복은 개화 이후 많이 관찰되었다. 건물률은 T1 14.8%에서 T6 35.0%로 생육진행에 따라 높아졌으며, 조단백질, RFV, 건물 소화율 등 사료가치는 생육 지연에 따라 낮아졌다. 건물수량과 가소화 건물수량은 T4에서 ha당 각각 8,984 kg과 5,728 kg으로, 조단백질 수량은 T3에서 795 kg으로 유의적으로 높았으며 (p<0.05), 재생초의 건물수량, 조단백질 수량, 가소화 건물수량은 T1과 T2에서 차이 없이 각각 5,425 kg, 596 kg, 3,204 kg(T1)과 4,811 kg, 589 kg, 3,143 kg (T2)으로 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 총 건물수량, 조단백질 수량, 가소화 건물수량은 T2 와 T3에서 차이 없이 각각 11,089 kg, 1,254 kg, 7,669 kg(T2)과 10,354 kg, 1,225 kg, 6,915 kg (T3)으로 유의적으로 높았다 (p<0.05). 일당 건물생산량과 일당 가소화건물생산량은 1차 생육은 T2, T3, T4에서, 재생초는 T2, T1에서 높았으며, 전 기간 일당생산량에서는 출수기인 T2에서 가장 높았고 다음이 T3, T4, T1 순이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, IRG 'Kowinearly'를 봄철에 1회 수확하여 이용할 경우 단위면적당 생산량과 사료가치를 고려한 수확적기는 출수후기~개화기이며, 봄철 2회 수확하여 이용할 경우 재생과 단위면적당 총 생산량을 고려한 1차 수확적기는 출수기가 유리하다고 판단된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.217-222
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• 1998

This experiment was carried out to investigate effects of herbicide application method on Calysteria jcqoonica control and corn yield at the forage experimental field, grassland and forage crops division, National Livestock Research Institute, RDA, Suwon from 1996 to 1997. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replication. The herbicide application consisted of control, 2~3 leaf stage(Dicamba), 5~6 leaf stage(Dicamba) and soil treatment (Pendimethalin). The hybrid of corn used in this experiment was P 3352. The results obtained are summarized as follow; 1. The plant height was the lowest at control and the highest at Dicamba treatment in 5~6 leaf stage, but no significant difference was found among herbicide application method at ear height. Tasseling and silking date were delayed 2~3 day at control. The length and weight of ear were highest at Dicamba treatment in 2~3 leaf stage. 2. The herbicide injury of corn was very slightly after 10-20 day, but corn was recovered soon. The weed control value was 94.2~67.5% at herbicide application plot. 3. The fresh and dry matter yield of Dicamba treatment in 2-3 leaf stage was highest as 42,878 and 16,033kg/ha, respectively. The application of Dicamba increased the DM yield of corn by 13~30%. 4. Herbicide application time had little effect on the ADF, NDF and CP contents, but the forage quality of ear was higher than that of stover. The result of this experiment indicate that the application of Dicamba in 2~6 leaf stage of corn will remove almost all of Calysreria jqonica and increase DM yield of com.