• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제11권11호
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• pp.19-27
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 윈도우(Windows) 기반의 데스크탑 환경에서, 특히 컴퓨터 게임에 관련된 응용 프로그램들에서 활발하게 사용되는 Direct3D가 제공하는 핵심적인 기능들과 함수들을 리눅스 환경에서 OpenGL 라이브러리를 기반으로 에뮬레이션 형태로 제공하고자 한다. 리눅스(Linux) 운영 체제 하에서는 일반적으로 X 윈도우 시스템과 OpenGL 라이브러리만 사용 가능한 컴퓨터 그래픽스 환경이 제공된다. 이 상황에서는, 우선적으로 윈도우 기반의 PC에서 Direct3D를 기반으로 개발된 게임 프로그램들이나 사용자 인터페이스 등을 컨버전하는 변환 작업에서 이러한 에뮬레이션 환경이 반드시 필요하다. 본 논문에서는 DirectX 9.0을 기준으로, 많이 사용되는 함수들을 선별하여 이들을 지원함으로써, 최종적인 전체 구현의 프로토타입을 확보하였다. 본 논문의 구현은 3차원 좌표 변환(3D coordinate transformation), 광원 및 재질(light & material), 텍스처 매핑(texture mapping), 애니메이션(animation) 등을 지원하여, 이를 이용하여 다양한 응용 프로그램 예제들과 실제 게임 캐릭터의 애니메니션 스크립트를 성공적으로 실행하여, 유용성을 입증하였다.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2013

Purpose : This study was to identify the effect of cognitive reaction following inactive electrode placement when applying anodal transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor cortex. Methods : For this study a total of 28 stroke patients participated. Before applying transcranial direct current stimulation, cognitive reaction was measured (P300 of event related potential, cognitive reaction time), and subjects were randomly assigned to two group. Transcranial direct current stimulation was applied to the scalp with an intensity of $0.04mA/cm^2$ for 15 minutes. All subjects were given an anode transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor area and inactive electrodes over the deltoid muscle (group I) and supra-orbital area (group II). Cognitive reactions were measured after applying transcranial direct current stimulation. Results : For this study a total of 28 stroke patients participated. Before applying transcranial direct current stimulation, cognitive reaction was measured (P300 of event related potential, cognitive reaction time), and subjects were randomly assigned to two group. Transcranial direct current stimulation was applied to the scalp with an intensity of $0.04mA/cm^2$ for 15 minutes. All subjects were given an anode transcranial direct current stimulation over the primary motor area and inactive electrodes over the deltoid muscle (group I) and supra-orbital area (group II). Cognitive reactions were measured after applying transcranial direct current stimulation. Conclusion : Thus transcranial direct current stimulation on the primary motor area may help cognitive reaction regardless of inactive electrode placement.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2006

Since the direct normal radiation and clear day are a main factor for designing any solar thermal and photovoltaic concentrating system, it is necessary to evaluate its characteristics all over the country. The work presented here are the investigation of direct normal radiation and clear day in Korea. The data utilized in the investigation consist of direct normal radiation collected for 14 years('90. 12${\sim}$2004. 12) and clear-day collected for 23 years($1982{\sim}2004$) at measuring stations across the country. The analysis shows that the annual-average daily direct normal radiation is 5.4 kWh/m2 and the annual-average total clear-day is 92.7 days in Korea. We also constructed the contour map of direct normal radiation and clear-day in Korea by interpolating actually measured data across the country.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.557-562
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• 2009

A module M is said to be SIP-extending if the intersection of every pair of direct summands is essential in a direct summand of M. SIP-extending modules are a proper generalization of both SIP-modules and extending modules. Every direct summand of an SIP-module is an SIP-module just as a direct summand of an extending module is extending. While it is known that a direct sum of SIP-extending modules is not necessarily SIP-extending, the question about direct summands of an SIP-extending module to be SIP-extending remains open. In this study, we show that a direct summand of an SIP-extending module inherits this property under some conditions. Some related results are included about $C_{11}$ and SIP-modules.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.439-444
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• 1998

Effects of the number of spans, orientation and latitude on the transmissivities of direct and diffuse solar radiation in multispan glasshouse were analyzed using a computer simulation model (Kim and Lee, 1997). The number of spans did not affect the transmissivity of diffuse solar radiation, ranging 60∼61%. The transmissivities of direct solar radiation were 55∼64% for E-W orientation and 47∼70% for N-S orientation in ten multispan glasshouse. There was no effect of the latitude on the transmissivity of direct solar radiation in domestic regions. Differences in the transmissivity of direct solar radiation between single-span and multispan glasshouse were significant for E-W orientation during winter season; however, those were relatively small for N-S orientation throughout the year. Transmissivity of direct solar radiation decreased with the increasing number of spans for E-W glasshouse, whereas those for N-S glasshouse was hardly affected by the number of spans.

• 정보학연구
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.73-88
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• 2000

선진국 대기업간 인수 ·합병, 개도국 공기업 민영화와 구조조정 등으로 인하여 세계경제에서 외국인직접투자가 차지하는 비중은 커지고 있다. 각국별 외국인직접투자 결정요인을 비교 ·분석함으로써 외국인직접투자 유치를 위해서 중점적으로 추진해야할 분야가 국가별로 다르다는 것을 강조하였다. 아울러 차관, 포트폴리오투자 등 타 자본시장 개방은 외국인직접투자 유치에 직접적 효과가 없었다. .

• 소성∙가공
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• 제6권5호
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• pp.435-445
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• 1997

In order to study the manufacturing possibility of connecting rod by direct quenching method, the difference between connecting rod by direct quenching and that by general heat treatment were investigated by observing microstructure, by measuring mechanical properties, by conducting fatigue testing, and by measuring the amount of tool wear in actual cutting. Connecting rod manufactured by direct quenching had better fatigue life than that by general heat treatment, which was due to homogeneous microstructure, and higher strength. The amount of cutting tool wear of connecting rod by direct quenching was higher than that by general heat treatment, which was due to low machinability and high toughness of tempered martensite microstructure. Therefore it will be added the study of heat treatment and cutting condition for manufacturing by direct quenching.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2016

A low-recoil direct gun is useful in reducing the fire impulse generated by using a traditional shell. To apply a control equation to an AMESim Model, we have formulated a control equation for a recoil mechanism from the free object diagram. By modeling this equation, we have been able to compare the recoil distance and recoil force of a low-recoil direct gun. Here, we can analyze the recoil characteristics between traditional direct guns and low-recoil direct guns with perforated muzzle brakes. It is possible to mount a low-recoil direct gun with a perforated muzzle brake on a lightweight tracked vehicle by reducing its fire impulse.

• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.237-245
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• 2007

In this paper, a modified PCF (Point Coordination Function) MAC (Medium Access Control) Protocol is proposed to support the multiple direct link communication between STAs (STAtions) in infrastructure mode IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs. By the proposed MAC protocol, the direct link communication between STAs, which are located within the communication range of each other, is allowed without the use of AP (Access Point) as a relay. Moreover, when multiple direct data communication between STAs can be simultaneously performed with a sufficiently small interference, multiple simultaneous direct link communication is allowed for the efficient use of radio bandwidth. AP polls STAs to grant the transmission opportunities using the direct link communication by transmitting the polling frames to STAs. An efficient polling method for granting the transmission opportunities to STAs is proposed to reduce the number of the polling frame transmissions and enhance the PCF MAC performance.

• Fibers and Polymers
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2002

Non-genotoxic diamines 2,2'-dimethyl-5,5'-dipropoxybenzidine and 5,5'-dipropoxy-benzidine were employed as potential alternatives to benzidine in the synthesis and evaluation of new direct dyes for cotton. Assessment of the resultant dyes indicated that both diamines can be used to prepare new direct dyes having colors and fastness properties that make them comparable to commercial direct dyes, and that the structures of the new direct dyes can be confirmed by negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS). The mutagenic properties of new direct dyes were established using the standard Ames Salmonella mammalian mutagenicity assay.