• Title/Summary/Keyword: DAF

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Thermal Resistance and daf-16 Regulation of Fermented Zizyphus jujuba Fruits in Caenorhabditis elegans

  • Yu, Young-Bob
    • Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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    • v.33 no.6
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    • pp.645-650
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    • 2020
  • The mechanism of anti-aging of fermented jujube (Zizyphus jujuba fruits (ZJF)) was investigated using transgenic daf-16 and mev-1 strains of C. elegans. Jujube extracts fermented for 7 days (F7-ZJF) and 14 days (F14-ZJF) with Laetiporus sulphureus were treated to a NGM agar plate with 10-15 transgenic daf-16 and mev-1 strains of the synchronized age. There was no difference of lifespan between the drug-treated group (7-day fermented ex. (F7-zjf-200 ㎍/mL), 14-day fermented ex. (F14-zjf-200 ㎍/mL)) and the non-treatment group in both daf-16 and mev-1 strains. In the thermal stress experiment, F7-zjf-200 ㎍/mL showed a significant (t = 4.017) activity in thermal stress resistance with a 12% higher survival rate than the control group. In the survival test in H2O2, F7-zjf-200 ㎍/mL and F14-zjf-100 ㎍/mL have significant activity in oxidative stress resistance compared to the control group. This study indicates that life span expand of N2 strain of the jujube extract is related to the regulation of daf-16 and inhibition of mev-1 signal in C. elegans.

Effect of Coagulation and Homogenization on the Dissolved Air Flotation and Sedimentation of Bulking Sludge (응집과 균질화가 팽화슬러지의 용존공기부상과 침전에 미치는 영향)

  • Kim, Dong-Seog;Park, Young-Seek
    • Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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    • v.33 no.1 s.94
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    • pp.68-74
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    • 2007
  • The objective of this study is to examine the effect of the coagulation and homogenization in bulking sludge thickening of paper manufacturing plant using DAF(Dissolved Air Flotation) and gravitational sedimentation. The effects of parameters such as dosage of coagulant and homogenization time were examined. The results showed that DAF and sedimentation was affected aluminum sulfate and anion polymer coagulant differently. At the optimum dosage of aluminum sulfate, thickening efficiency of DAF and sedimentation process were increase 1.25 time and 2.02 time, respectively. At the optimum dosage of anion polymer coagulant, thickening efficiency of DAF process was increase 1.35 time, but thickening efficiency at sedimentation was 1.06 time. When anion polymer coagulant of 0.5 mg/l was added in DAF process, water content of sludge was decreased from 96.6% to 90.7% in dewatering process using Buchner funnel test device. After homogenization(20500 rpm, 10 min), Sauter mean diameter of sludge floc was decreased from 631 ${\mu}m$ to 427 ${\mu}m$, however increase of flotation efficiency by DAF was only 1.09 time.

Treatability Study on the Remediation Groundwater Contaminated by TPH Cr6+ : Lab-Scale Experiment (TPH와 6가 크롬으로 오염된 지하수 처리를 위한 실내 실험)

  • Lee, Gyu-Beom;Chang, Yoon-Young
    • Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.332-345
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    • 2019
  • The purpose of the study is to evaluate the treatability of contaminated groundwater with TPH and (or) $Cr^{6+}$. Laboratory scale tests were performed for oil/water separation, dissolved air flotation (DAF), coagulation and precipitation, and filtration with sand and activated carbon respectively. Two times of oil/water separation tests for total 40 minutes of separation or separating time shows 90.2 % of TPH removal rate. In case of DAF test for high TPH sample, the TPH removal rates were not varied significantly by the variation of microbubble size. However, tests for low TPH samples show that TPH removal rate increases as microbubbles are smaller. When coagulant was added to sample for DAF test, TPH removal rate was increased 12.3 %. SS removal rate by DAF was 97.9 % at $16-40{\mu}m$ and it was increased as the size of microbubble is reduced. Tests for coagulation and precipitation were performed to evaluate the removal of $Cr^{6+}$ in groundwater. The increase of $FeSO_4$ dosage increased $Cr^{6+}$ removal rate in the coagulation and precipitation process. As the amount of activated carbon in the filter media increased TPH removal rate in the filtration process. SS removal rate by the filtration was 96.7 % similar to the results of DAF process tests. The filtration process treats TPH and SS. Best design parameters are determined as the size of sand is $425-850{\mu}m$ and the ratio of activated carbon and sand is 50:50.

Collision Efficiency Estimation in the DAF Contact Zone using Computational Fluid Dynamics (전산유체 기법을 이용한 용존공기부상법에서의 접촉도 조건변화에 따른 충돌효율평가)

  • Kim, Sung-Hoon;Yoo, Je-Seon;Park, Hee-Kyung
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.201-207
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    • 2004
  • Dissolved air flotation (DAF) is a solid-liquid separation process that uses fine rising bubbles to remove particles in water. Most of particle-bubble collision occurs in the DAF contact zone. This initial contact considered by the researchers to play a important role for DAF performance. It is hard to make up conceptual model through simple mass balance for estimating collision efficiency in the contact zone because coupled behavior of the solid-liquid-gas phase in DAF system is 90 complicate. In this study, 2-phase(gas-liquid) flow equations for the conservation of mass, momentum and turbulence quantities were solved using an Eulerian-Eulerian approach based on the assumption that very small particle is applied in the DAF system. For the modeling of turbulent 2-phase flow in the reactor, the standard $k-{\varepsilon}$ mode I(liquid phase) and zero-equation(gas phase) were used in CFD code because it is widely accepted and the coefficients for the model are well established. Particle-bubble collision efficiency was calculated using predicted turbulent energy dissipation rate and gas volume fraction. As the result of this study, the authors concluded that bubble size and recycle ratio play important role for flow pattern change in the reactor. Predicted collision efficiency using CFD showed good agreement with measured removal efficiency in the contact zone. Also, simulation results indicated that collision efficiency at 15% recycle ratio is higher than that of 10% and showed increasing tendency of the collision efficiency according to the decrease of the bubble size.

Automatic control of coagulant dosage on the sedimentation and dissolved air flotation(SeDAF) process for enhanced phosphorus removal in sewage treatment facilities (하수처리시설에서 인 고도처리를 위한 일체형 침전부상공정(SeDAF)의 응집제 주입농도 자동제어기법 검토)

  • Jang, Yeoju;Jung, Jinhong;Kim, Weonjae
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.34 no.6
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    • pp.411-423
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    • 2020
  • To remove phosphorus from the effluent of public wastewater treatment facilities, hundreds of enhanced phosphorus treatment processes have been introduced nationwide. However, these processes have a few problems including excessive maintenance cost and sludge production caused by inappropriate coagulant injection. Therefore, the optimal decision of coagulant dosage and automatic control of coagulant injection are essential. To overcome the drawbacks of conventional phosphorus removal processes, the integrated sedimentation and dissolved air flotation(SeDAF) process has been developed and a demonstration plant(capacity: 100 ㎥/d) has also been installed. In this study, various jar-tests(sedimentation and / or sedimentation·flotation) and multiple regression analyses have been performed. Particularly, we have highlighted the decision-making algorithms of optimal coagulant dosage to improve the applicability of the SeDAF process. As a result, the sedimentation jar-test could be a simple and reliable method for the decision of appropriate coagulant dosage in field condition of the SeDAF process. And, we have found that the SeDAF process can save 30 - 40% of coagulant dosage compared with conventional sedimentation processes to achieve total phosphorus (T-P) concentration below 0.2 mg/L of treated water, and it can also reduce same portion of sludge production.

Physicochemical Properties of Japonica Non-Waxy and Waxy Rice during Kernel Development

  • Kim, Sung-Kon;Jung, Sun-Ok
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.15 no.2
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    • pp.289-297
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    • 2006
  • In this study we examined the changes in weight and dimension, protein and amylose contents, and pasting properties of brown rice flour, as well as the gelatinization properties of starch, from two non-waxy japonica cultivars and one waxy japonica cultivar planted in an experimental field in 2002 under the same fertilizer conditions. The weight of both rough and brown rice increased consistently up to 42 days after flowering (DAF) for the non-waxy rice and to 35 DAF for the waxy rice. The changes in dimension of the brown rice kernel indicated that the length was maximized first, followed by breadth and then thickness. The protein content of the non-waxy rice remained fairly constant, but that of the waxy rice decreased by about 1% after 14 DAF. The amylose content of the non-waxy brown rice flour increased, but that of the waxy brown rice flour decreased during kernel development. As the kernel developed, the peak viscosity of the non-waxy rice flour increased up to 35 DAF, after which it decreased, whereas that of the waxy brown rice flour increased consistently. The gelatinization temperature of starch also increased in the waxy rice during kernel development up to 21 DAF. The gelatinization enthalpy of starch, however, increased in all rice cultivars throughout the kernel development.

Performance evaluation of nitrate removal in high TDS wet scrubber wastewater by ion exchange resin with dissolved air flotation (DAF) process

  • Kim, Bongchul;Yeo, Inseol;Park, Chan-gyu
    • Membrane and Water Treatment
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    • v.13 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2022
  • The regulations of the International Maritime Organization (IMO) have been steadily strengthened in ship emissions. Accordingly, there is a growing need for development of related technologies for the removal of contaminants that may occur during the treatment of SOx and NOx using a wet scrubber. However, this system also leads to wastewater production when the exhaust gas is scrubbed. In this research, we evaluated the performance of an ion selective resin process in accordance with scrubber wastewater discharge regulations, specifically nitrate discharge, by the IMO. Accelerated real and synthetic wastewater of wet scrubbers, contained high amounts of TDS with high nitrate, is used as feed water in lab scale systems. Furthermore, a pilot scale dissolved air flotation (DAF) using microbubble generator with ion exchange resin process was combined and developed in order to apply for the treatment of wet scrubber wastewater. The results of the present study revealed that operating conditions, such as resin property, bed volume (BV), and inlet wastewater flow rate, significantly affect the removal performance. Finally, through a pilot test, DAF with ion exchange resin process showed a noticeable improvement of the nitrate removal rate compared to the single DAF process.

DAF cooperative communication scheme for 60GHz WPAN (60GHz대역 WPAN을 위한 DAF 협력통신 기법)

  • Park, Choong-Hun;Lee, Jae-Young;Kim, Seong-Il;Heo, Jun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Broadcast Engineers Conference
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    • 2011.07a
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    • pp.281-283
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    • 2011
  • 본 논문에서는 초고속 근거리 무선전송을 위한 60GHz 시스템에서 릴레이를 이용한 협력통신 기법을 제안한다. 60GHz대역은 LOS(Line-Of-Sight)가 보장되어 있지 않은 경우에 거리에 따른 신호 감쇄가 심하여 릴레이를 이용한 협력 통신 기법이 효과적이다. 릴레이를 이용한 협력통신 방법은 크게 증폭 후 전송(AF)과 복호 후 전송(DF)의 두 가지 프로토콜로 나누어지며, AF프로토콜은 Soft information을 보낼 수 있다는 장점이 있고 DF프로토콜은 릴레이에서 복호 후 데이터를 보낸다는 점에서 부호화 이득을 얻어 낼 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 또한 AF와 DF의 장점을 결합한 복호 후 증폭 전송(DAF)프로토콜이 소개되었고 이에 대한 분석이 이루어졌다. 이에 본 논문은 60GHz 시스템과 AWGN, Rayleigh 페이딩환경에서 AF프로토콜에 대한 DAF프로토콜의 성능 이득을 보이고 비교한다.

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DAF Technology for Various Kind of Plankton Removal from Eutrophic Lakes (부영양화 호소에서의 우점종 조류 제거를 위한 DAF 기술)

  • Kazuo, Taki;Yoriumi, Ishiyama;Doggo, Seog;Kim, Hag Su
    • Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.247-253
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    • 2004
  • Major species of Lake Deganuma has varied depending on the season. Namely, there are Micractinium pusillum, chlorella., Scenedesmus sp. shown up in spring season, Microcystis aeruginosa, Microcystis wesenbergii, Anabena spiroides in summer and autumn season and Cyclostephanos invisitatus, Diatoma in winter season in the Lake. As the number of plankton increased, the zeta potential on their surface of them decreased. For this reason, they were dispersed in the lake though the population increased. Zeta potential of M. aeruginosa showed -20mV when their outer size got smaller. As for coagulant dosing in DAF, large amount of coagulant was effective to get lots of sludge during water treatment.