• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.7-14
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• 2023

The effects of fermented Achyranthes japonica Nakai, Angelica gigas Nakai, and Eucommia ulmoides Oliver extracts (FAAE) on regulation of inflammation and apoptosis were investigated in primary cultured rat cartilage cells. To identify the protective effects of FAAE against H₂O₂, cell survival was measured by MTT assay. Smad3, Collagen type I, MMP3, and MMP13 were measured by real-timpe PCR and westernbot and the inflammatory (NF-κB pathway, COX-2, iNOS) factors were determined by western blot. The apoptosis related factors (JNK, c-Fos, c-Jun, caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl-2) were determined by western blot. FAAE significantly increased the follwing: H₂O₂ treated cell survival, mRNA and protein expression of Smad 3, collagen type I. In addition, FAAE significantly decreased the protein expression of inflammatory and apoptosis related factors. This study suggests that FAAE have a protection effect of chondrocytes through inhibition of inflammation and apoptosis. Thus, FAAE is a therapeutic potential food componet in osteoarthritis.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.301-303
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• 2001

In this paper we present a Capacitor Charging Power Supply (CCPS) using a series-resonant three-level inverter topology to improve voltage regulation and use semiconductor switches having low blocking voltage capability such as MOSFETs. This inverter can be operated with two modes, Full Power Mode (FPM) and Half Power Mode (HPM). In FPM inverter supplies the high frequency step up transformer with full DC-link voltage and in HPM with half DC-link voltage. HPM switching method will be adopted when CCPS output voltage reaches the preset target value and operates in refresh mode-charge is maintained on the capacitor. In this topology each semiconductor devices blocks a half of the DC-link voltage[2]. A 15kW, 30kV CCPS has been built and will be tested for an electric precipitator application. The CCPS operates from an input voltage of 500VDC and has a variable output voltage between 10 to 30kV and 1kHz repetition rate at 44nF capacitive load [3]. A resonant frequency of 67.9kHz was selected and a voltage regulation of $0.83\%$ has been achieved through the use of half power mode without using the forced cut off the switch current [1]. The theory of operation, circuit topology and test results are given.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.117-122
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• 1998

D-raf, a Drosophila homolog of the human c-raf-1, is known as a signal transducer in cell proliferation and differentiation. A previous study found that the D-raf gene expression is regulated by the DNA replication-related element (DRE)/DRE-binding factor (DREF) system. In this study, we found the sequences homologous to transcription factor C/EBP, MyoD, STAT and Myc recognition sites in the D-raf promoter. We have generated various base substitutional mutations in these recognition sites and subsequently examined their effects on D-raf promoter activity through transient CAT assays in Kc cells with reporter plasmids p5'-878DrafCAT carrying the mutations in these binding sites. Through gel mobility shift assay using nuclear extracts of Kc cells, we detected factors binding to these recognition sites. Our results show that transcription factor C/EBP, STAT and Myc binding sites in D-raf promoter region play a positive role in transcriptional regulation of the D-raf gene and the Myo D binding site plays a negative role.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1996.10a
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• pp.202.2-202
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• 1996

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.34 no.7
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• pp.476-484
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• 2024

Although two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cell culture models are still widely used as the optimal models for anticancer activity research, three-dimensional (3D) multicellular tumor spheroid (3D MTS) models that can better approximate the tumor environment can offer an alternative to bridge the gap between in vitro and animal model studies. Isoalantolactone is among the sesquiterpene lactones found in medicinal plants, including the roots of Elecampane (Inula helenium L.), and is known to have various pharmacological activities, including anticancer activity. In this study, we investigated whether the anticancer activity of isoalantolactone observed in 2D models could be reproduced in a 3D MTS model derived from human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) Hep3B cells. According to our results, isoalantolactone inhibited the formation of MTSs in a manner dependent on the treatment concentration, which was accompanied by an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In particular, as isoalantolactone treatment and the culture time increased, the area of proliferating cells was replaced by cells in which apoptosis was induced. Additionally, in MTSs, isoalantolactone increased the expression of death-receptor-related proteins and the activity of caspase-3, and it decreased the expression of the Bax/Bcl-2 expression ratio and total poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase. However, when the production of ROS was artificially blocked, all these changes caused by isoalantolactone were attenuated and the cell survival rate of MTS cells was restored. Therefore, the results of this study suggest that the induction of apoptosis in Hep3B cell-derived MTSs by isoalantolactone is achieved through the activation of extrinsic and intrinsic pathways and is ROS-dependent.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.109-113
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• 1991

Two types of aggressive behavior were produced by selective breeding in ICR mimce. NC900 line mice exhibited high level of species-typical, isolation-induced aggression, conversely, NC100 line mice exhibited little aggression. The present study tested the hypothesis that these differences involved brain monoamine systems. Comparisons of microdissected samples from various brain regions showed that NC100 line mice had significantly lower concentrations of dopamine. DOPAC and HVA in the nucleus accumbens (NAB) and caudate nucleus (NCU) than NC900 line. Homogenate binding studies demonstrated that NC100 mice had significantly increased density of $D_1$ dopamine receptor, but not $D_2$ dopamine receptor in the caudate nucleus. These results support the hypothesis that central dopamine pathways play an important role in modulating the genetically selected differences in aggressive behavior, and of which intensity differs from TEX>$D_1$\;and\;$D_2$ dopamine receptors.

• BMB Reports
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.269-274
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• 2003

In the fight against cancer, novel chemotherapeutic agents are constantly being sought to complement existing drugs. Various studies have presented evidence that the apoptosis that is induced by these anticancer agents is implicated in tumor regression, and Bcl-2 family genes play a part in apoptosis following treatment with various stimuli. Here, we present data that a styrylpyrone derivative (SPD) that is extracted from the plant Goniothalamus sp. showed cytotoxic effects on the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. SPD significantly increased apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, as visualized by phase contrast microscopy and evaluated by the Tdt-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling assay and nuclear morphology. Western blotting and immunostaining revealed up-regulation of the proapoptotic Bax protein expression. SPD, however, did not affect the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2. These results, therefore, suggest SPD as a potent cytotoxic agent on MCF-7 cells by inducing apoptosis through the modulation of Bax levels.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.703-710
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• 1994

This paper describes for the applicability of optimal PID controller to the load frequency control of 2-area power systems. The proposed optimal PID controllers are designed by the optimization technique of P.I.D's gain coefficients using the relatively ingeneous simplex method, and we have considered the system sensitivity for the optimal gains and the stable effects of systems to speed regulation changes. This PID controller for load frequency control systems with exciter shows better performances and robustness than conventional tie-line bias controller.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.457-467
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• 2016

This study aimed to develop functional underwear for elderly women in their sixties in terms of good fit, wear comfort and body temperature regulation. To satisfy elderly women's physical and metabolical needs, an automatic temperature control system via PCM treatment was applied. Underwear pattern was produced by producing body surface replica, which was derived from 3D body parametric model. Differential ratios of outline length and area between 3D surface and 2D plane were 1.4% and 0.5%, respectively. The reduction rate was determined as 10% through the expert's evaluation. PCM treated fabric showed higher Q-max, meaning that it can facilitate the thermal transition in hot situation. Moreover, it also showed higher insulation to preserve heat and keep warm microclimate in a cold weather. Heat distribution measurements on various body parts revealed that the temperature after PCM treatment was significantly higher. The clothing pressure after 10% pattern reduction showed higher before reduction, at the same time, even lower than the comfort clothing pressure range of $5{\sim}10gf/cm^2$, implying that experimental garment of this research is acceptable in terms of clothing pressure. Evaluation results on the comfort to move in various motions proved that adequate clothing pressure improved the wear comfort in various motions.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.93-101
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• 2009

The use of magnesium sulphate has recently increased in anesthesiology and pain medicine. The roles of magnesium sulphate are as an analgesic adjuvant, a vasodilator, a calcium channel blocker and reducing the anesthetic requirement. These effect are primarily based on the regulation of calcium influx into the cell and antagonism of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor. We discuss here the clinical effects of magnesium sulphate on anesthesiology and pain medicine.