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Detection of Mitotic Centromere-Associated Kinesin (MCAK) During Cell-Cycle Progression of Human Jurkat T Cells Using Polyclonal Antibody Raised Against Its N- Terminal Region Overexpressed in E. coli

  • Jun, Do-Youn;Rue, Seok-Woo;Kim, Byung-Woo;Kim, Young-Ho
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • v.13 no.6
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    • pp.912-918
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    • 2003
  • Mitotic centromere-associated kinesin (MCAK), which is a novel kinesin with a central motor domain, is believed to playa role in mitotic segregation of chromosome during the M phase of the cell cycle. In the present study, it is shown that a rabbit polyclonal antibody has been produced using the N-terminal region (187 aa) of human MCAK expressed in E. coli as the antigen. To express the N-terminal region in E. coli, the MCAK cDNA fragment encoding N-terminal 187 aa was obtained by PCR and was then inserted into the pET 3d expression vector. Molecular mass of the N-terminal region overexpressed in the presence of IPTG was 23.2 kDa on SDS-PAGE, and the protein was insoluble and mainly localized in the inclusion body that could be easily purified from the other cellular proteins. The N-terminal region was purified by electro-elution from the gel after the inclusion body was resolved on the SDS-PAGE. The antiserum obtained after tertiary immunization with the purified protein specifically recognized HsMCAK when subjected to Western blot analysis, and showed a fluctuation of the protein level during the cell cycle of human Jurkat T cells. Synchronization of the cell-cycle progression required for recovery of cells at a specific stage of the cell cycle was performed by either hydroxyurea or nocadazole, and subsequent release from each blocking at 2, 4, and 7 h. Northern and Western analyses revealed that both mRNA and protein of HsMCAK reached a maximum level in the S phase and declined to a basal level in the G1 phase. These results indicate that a polyclonal antibody raised against the N-terminal region (187 aa) of HsMCAK, overexpressed in E. coli, specifically detects HsMCAK (81 kDa), and it can analyze the differential expression of HsMCAK protein during the cell cycle.

Amplification and Howling Suppression of Telephonic Speech for the Hearing-Impaired Person (난청인을 위한 전화기 음성증폭 및 하울링 억제)

  • Lee, Sang-Min
    • Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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    • v.19 no.6
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    • pp.623-629
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    • 1998
  • To provide sufficient sound to the hearing-impaired person(HIP) who have many difficulty in communication with others using general telephone, big amplification is needed. But big amplification can occur howling as a side effect. In this study we developed the new technique of big amplification without howling, manufactured and estimated the new hearing aid telephone. Telephone speech is divided to three frequency band, amplified respectively and fitted to HIP's hearing ability. The telephone speech frequency is monitored by counter in time domain. The counter transfers the sinusoidal sound to rectangular wave using comparator and counts the number of rectangular wave in a certain time period, that is frequency, to monitor the howling. Telephone have microphone and speaker, which are fitted in a rigid structure and frequency band of telephone sound is limited, so howling occurs in the limited frequency band. If the counter notices that howling conditions happen, microprocessor decreases quickly the gain of the related frequency band. The result of test of our new hearing aid telephone showed that we can amplifiy the sound as much as 40dB, which is meaningful level to many HIP, and make HIP increase their perception ability from 20% to 60.8% in 1 syllable test and from 28.9% to 78% in 2 syllable test.

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Towards remote sensing of sediment thickness and depth to bedrock in shallow seawater using airborne TEM (항공 TEM 을 이용한 천해지역에서의 퇴적층 두께 및 기반암 심도 원격탐사에 관하여)

  • Vrbancich, Julian;Fullagar, Peter K.
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.77-88
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    • 2007
  • Following a successful bathymetric mapping demonstration in a previous study, the potential of airborne EM for seafloor characterisation has been investigated. The sediment thickness inferred from 1D inversion of helicopter-borne time-domain electromagnetic (TEM) data has been compared with estimates based on marine seismic studies. Generally, the two estimates of sediment thickness, and hence depth to resistive bedrock, were in reasonable agreement when the seawater was ${\sim}20\;m$ deep and the sediment was less than ${\sim}40\;m$ thick. Inversion of noisy synthetic data showed that recovered models closely resemble the true models, even when the starting model is dissimilar to the true model, in keeping with the uniqueness theorem for EM soundings. The standard deviations associated with shallow seawater depths inferred from noisy synthetic data are about ${\pm}5\;%$ of depth, comparable with the errors of approximately ${\pm}1\;m$ arising during inversion of real data. The corresponding uncertainty in depth-to-bedrock estimates, based on synthetic data inversion, is of order of ${\pm}10\;%$. The mean inverted depths of both seawater and sediment inferred from noisy synthetic data are accurate to ${\sim}1\;m$, illustrating the improvement in accuracy resulting from stacking. It is concluded that a carefully calibrated airborne TEM system has potential for surveying sediment thickness and bedrock topography, and for characterising seafloor resistivity in shallow coastal waters.

OFDM/OQAM-IOTA System With Odd/Even Center Preamble Structure (Odd/Even Center Preamble 구조를 가진 OFDM/OQAM-IOTA 시스템)

  • Kang, Seung-Won;Heo, Joo;Chang, Kyung-Hi
    • The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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    • v.30 no.12A
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    • pp.1153-1160
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    • 2005
  • OFDM/OQAM(Offset QAM)-IOTA system requires the IOTA(Isotropic Orthogonal Transform Algorithm) function that has superior localization property in time and frequency domain instead of guard interval used for conventional OFDM/QAM system to be robust to multipath channel. Therefore, OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system has more spectral efficiency than conventional OFDM/QAM system. But, when channel estimation scheme for conventional OFDM/QAM system is applied straightforwardly to OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system, an intrinsic Inter- symbol-Interference is observed. So suitable preamble structure for the channel estimation scheme of OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system is required. In this paper, we propose a new preamble structure that is appropriate to OPDM/OQAM-IOTA system and then perform ideal channel estimation and practical channel estimation in low-to-medium mobile speed and compare them with conventional OFDM/QAM system. Simulation results show that OFDM/OQAM-IOTA system with proposed preamble structure has 1.5 dB Eb/NO gain on Target BER $10^{-3}$ and about $25\%$ transmission rate gain against the conventional OFDM/QAM system considering quarter of FFT size as guard interval size.

PEP-1-FK506BP inhibits alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation on the rat model of corneal alkali injury

  • Kim, Dae Won;Lee, Sung Ho;Shin, Min Jea;Kim, Kibom;Ku, Sae Kwang;Youn, Jong Kyu;Cho, Su Bin;Park, Jung Hwan;Lee, Chi Hern;Son, Ora;Sohn, Eun Jeong;Cho, Sung-Woo;Park, Jong Hoon;Kim, Hyun Ah;Han, Kyu Hyung;Park, Jinseu;Eum, Won Sik;Choi, Soo Young
    • BMB Reports
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    • v.48 no.11
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    • pp.618-623
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    • 2015
  • FK506 binding protein 12 (FK506BP) is a small peptide with a single FK506BP domain that is involved in suppression of immune response and reactive oxygen species. FK506BP has emerged as a potential drug target for several inflammatory diseases. Here, we examined the protective effects of directly applied cell permeable FK506BP (PEP-1-FK506BP) on corneal alkali burn injury (CAI). In the cornea, there was a significant decrease in the number of cells expressing pro-inflammation, apoptotic, and angiogenic factors such as TNF-α, COX-2, and VEGF. Both corneal opacity and corneal neovascularization (CNV) were significantly decreased in the PEP-1-FK506BP treated group. Our results showed that PEP-1-FK506BP can significantly inhibit alkali burn-induced corneal inflammation in rats, possibly by accelerating corneal wound healing and by reducing the production of angiogenic factors and inflammatory cytokines. These results suggest that PEP-1-FK506BP may be a potential therapeutic agent for CAI.

P-wave Velocity Analysis Around the BSR Using Wide-angle Ocean-bottom Seismic Data (해저면 광각 탄성파 탐사자료를 이용한 BSR 부근의 P파 속도 분석)

  • Kim, Byoung-Yeop;Byun, Joong-Moo
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.173-182
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    • 2009
  • In April 2008, KIGAM carried out an ocean-bottom seismometer (OBS) survey in the central Ulleung Basin where strong bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) were revealed from previous surveys and some gas-hydrate samples were retrieved by direct sampling. The purpose of this survey is to estimate the velocity structure near the BSR in the gas hydrate prospect area using wide-angle seismic data recorded on the ocean-bottom seismometers. Along with the OBS survey, a 2-D seismic survey was performed whereby stratigraphic and preliminary velocity information was obtained. Two methods were applied to wide-angle data for estimating P wave velocity; one is velocity analysis in the $\tau$-p domain and the other is seismic traveltime inversion. A 1-D interval velocity profile was obtained by the first method, which was refined to layered velocity structure by the latter method. A layer stripping method was adopted for modeling and inversion. All velocity profiles at each OBS site clearly show velocity reversal at BSR depths due to the presence of gas hydrates. In addition, we could confirm high velocity in the column/chimney structure.

A Comparison of Symbol Error Performance for SC-FDE and OFDM Transmission Systems in Modeled Underwater Acoustic Communication Channel (모델링된 수중음향 채널환경에서 SC-FDE와 OFDM 전송방식의 심볼오율 비교)

  • Hwang, Ho-Seon;Park, Gyu-Tae;Joo, Jae-Hoon;Shin, Kee-Cheol
    • Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.139-146
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    • 2018
  • Underwater acoustic communication can be applied to various area such as scientific, commercial and military survey using Autonomous Underwater Vehicles and Unmanned Underwater Vehicles. Underwater communication is studying very actively by advanced country like United States. But differ from wireless communication in the air, underwater acoustic communication has some difficult problems, ISI(Inter Symbol Interference) due to multipath and limit of transmission bandwidth due to slow propagation of sound wave. In this paper, SC-FDE and OFDM transmission system for the cancellation of ISI in conjunction with underwater acoustic channel modeling are applied to the underwater simulation of communication. The performance of these methods in the simulation guide to possibility of adopting in underwater acoustic communication algorithm. For this purpose, we compare SER performance of SC-FDE with that of OFDM for modelled underwater channel. Underwater channel is generated by Bellhop model. Simulation results show above 5dB SNR gain at 10-3 SER. And it demonstrate SC-FDE is efficient method for underwater acoustic communication.

Roles of TLR-4 and NF-κB in Interleukin-6 Expression Induced by Heat Shock Protein 90 in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells (혈관평활근세포에서 HSP90에 의한 IL-6 발현에 TLR-4와 NF-κB의 작용)

  • Rhim, Byung-Yong;Kim, Kang-Seong;Kim, Koan-Hoi
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.18 no.12
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    • pp.1637-1643
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    • 2008
  • This study has investigated whether extracellular HSP90 predisposes vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) to pro-inflammatory phenotype. Exposure of rat aortic smooth muscle cells to HSP90 not only enhanced IL-6 release but also profoundly induced IL-6 transcript via promoter activation. HSP90-induced IL-6 promoter activation was suppressed by dominant-negative forms of Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), but not by dominant-negative-forms of TLR-3 and TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing interferon-${\beta}$ (TRIF). Curcumin, which inhibits dimerization of TLR-4, also attenuated the IL-6 induction by HSP90. Mutation at the NF-${\kappa}B$- or C/EBP-binding site in the IL-6 promoter region suppressed the promoter activation in response to HSP90. The gene delivery of $I{\kappa}B$ using recombinant adenoviruses and treatment with resveratrol, which inhibit NF-${\kappa}B$ activity, attenuated the HSP90-induced IL-6 release from VSMCs. The present study proposes that extracellular HSP90 would contribute to inflammatory reaction in the stressed vasculature by inducing IL-6 in VSMCs, and that TLR-4 and NF-${\kappa}B$ would play active roles in the process.

An Efficient Error Compensation Method for Thumbnail Extraction in H.264/AVC Bitstreams (H.264/AVC 비트스트림으로부터 썸네일 추출 시 효율적인 오차 보상 방법)

  • Yoon, Myung-Keun;Lee, Yeo-Song;Sohn, Chae-Bong;Park, Ho-Chong;Ahn, Chang-Beom;Oh, Seoung-Jun
    • Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.622-635
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    • 2008
  • Recently, high definition media services like HDTV and IPTV are growing. A fast reduced-size image extracting method is required to meet what those services require. Conventional DC image extracting methods, however, can't be applied to H.264/AVC streams since a spatial domain prediction scheme is adopted in H.264/AVC intra mode. To solve this problem, a thumbnail extraction method in H.264/AVC was proposed. However, the method has mismatch problem which was caused by round-off operation in intra prediction and mismatch between integer and floating point calculation. In this paper, we propose an error compensation method for extracting thumbnail directly in H.264/AVC bitstreams. The compensation method introduces the mismatch problem in thumbnail extraction and presents compensation values. Through the implementation and performance evaluation, proposed method compensated round-off error efficiently in D1 and HD sequences while the additional extraction time is negligible.

Analysis of Small Cell Technology Application for Performance Improvement in Simulation-based 5G Communication Environment (시뮬레이션 기반 5G 통신 환경에서 성능향상을 위한 스몰셀 기술 적용 분석)

  • Kim, Yoon Hwan;Kim, Tae Yeun;Lee, Dae Young;Bae, Sang Hyun
    • Smart Media Journal
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.16-21
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    • 2020
  • Recently, mobile traffic is increasing exponentially as major traffic is transferred to IoT and visual media data in the dissemination of mobile communication terminals and contents use. In order to overcome the limitations of the existing LTE system, 5G mobile communication technology (5G) is a technology that meets 1000 times data traffic capacity, 4G LTE system acceptance, low latency, high energy efficiency, and high cost compared to 4G LTE system. The path loss due to the use of the frequency domain is very high, so it may be difficult to provide a service compared to the existing 4G LTE system. To overcome these shortcomings, various techniques are under study. In this paper, small cell technology is introduced to improve the system performance of 5G mobile communication systems. The performance is analyzed by comparing the results of small cell technology application, macro communication and small cell communication, and the results of the proposed algorithm application for power control. The analysis results show that the use of small cell technology in the 5th generation mobile communication system can significantly reduce the shadow area and reduce the millimeter wave path loss problem.