• Proceedings of the Technology Innovation Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.117-130
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• 2001

R&D is the core competence of an enterprise. Furthermore, R&D requires huge capital investment and has very risky characteristics. Therefore, to be successful in R&D process, several approaches of engineering economics are used prior to decision-making. Until now, typical approaches of engineering economics such as NPV(net present value) or DCF(Discounted cash flow) have been used. But, they cannot properly capture managerial flexibility to adapt and revise later decisions in response to unexpected market development. In a constantly changing and always uncertain marketplace, managerial operation flexibility and strategic adaptability have become vital in order to successfully capitalize on favorable future investment opportunities and limit losses from adverse market development. For the alternatives of conventional static decision-making approaches, new concept of using real options is introduced. Real option theory is based on financial option's characteristics and checks every revision interval whether situation have changed favorable to decision maker or not. In advantageous situation, the decision maker has only to go on. In contrast, with unfavorable situation, he abandons the investment immediately. In this aspect, real option model is more suitable in very uncertain and dynamic business environment in that it can provide the opportunity to cope with flexibility. This paper suggests efficient and effective R&D investment strategy by using real options model. In addition, this paper compares financial options and real options.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.273-279
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• 2012

In this thesis, a nonlinear compression fitting method was studied for each frequency channel of a 64 channel digital hearing aid. Unlike conventional fitting formula method done from the result of the hearing loss test, the present fitting method uses the auditory threshold of sound pressure measured near the tympanic membrane while ITE (In-The-Ear) hearing aid is fitted into the user's ear canal. Also, the spectral distribution of the voice sound pressure was used for realizing of output sound pressure compression curves against input sound pressure level. Theoretical research results of FFT-iFFT compression algorithm has been evaluated by experimental gain measurements at each different input sound pressure level 50 dB, 70 dB, 90 dB respectively.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.34
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• pp.45-79
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to propose divergence from standardization of animation acting through working on investigating gestures comprising most principal exaggeration acting elements in animation acting. For this purpose, this study utilizes animation 12 principles and Laban's effort theory. This study respectively analyzes 2D and 3D animation gesture expressions that are standards for comedy silent film and derive commonness and difference from them. In the next, this study explores the possibility of how animation can utilize acting of comedy silent film. Charles Chaplin and Buster Keaton used to be important elements referring to early animation acting, but as the recent animation technology gets advanced, they are not treated significantly any more. However, as 3D animation turns out to be chief concerns and the roles that acting, dynamics and performance play become gradually important, the necessity is on the rise that Charles Chaplin and Buster Keaton's gesture performances should more prudently be reinterpreted.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.553-561
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• 2015

The exponential and power law functionally graded material(FGM) theory is reformulated considering the refined shear and normal deformation theory. This theory has ability to capture the both normal deformation effect and exponential and power law function in terms of the volume fraction of the constituents for material properties through the plate thickness. Navier's method has been used to solve the governing equations for all edges simply supported plates on Pasternak elastic foundation. Numerical solutions of vibration analysis of FGM plates are presented using this theory to illustrate the effects of power law index and 3-D theory of exponential and power law function on natural frequency. The relations between 3-D and 2-D higher-order shear deformation theory are discussed by numerical results. Further, effects of (i) power law index, (ii) side-to-thickness ratio, and (iii) elastic foundation parameter on nondimensional natural frequency are studied. To validate the present solutions, the reference solutions are discussed.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.300-302
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 발전기에 적용된 전력계통안정화장치(Power System Stabilizer)의 적용사례를 분석한다. 전력계통안정화장치에 적용된 알고리즘은 Lead-Lag 제어기가 있고, 현대 제어이론에 바탕을 둔 LQR, LQG, $H_{\infty}$, 슬라이딩모드 제어기, 비선형궤환제어기가 있다. 그 외에 퍼지제어기, 뉴럴 제어기, 진화연산제어기등이 있다. 이중에 전력계통안정화장치의 제어알고리즘에 대하여 대표적인 사례를 파악하고져 한다.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.53-63
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to investigate the difference of ITV lengths and ITVs between 4DCT and Slow-CT images according to respiratory patterns using a respiratory motion phantom. The respiratory periods 1~4 s and target motion 1~3 cm were applied on each respiratory pattern. 4DCT and Slow-CT images were acquired for 3 times. 4DCT and Slow-CT ITVs were measured with contouring the target in the Eclipse RTP system. The measured ITV lenghts and ITVs in 4DCT and Slow-CT images were compared to the known values. For the ITV lengths and ITVs in the 4DCT, the difference of them were reduced as the respiratory period is longer and target motion is shorter. For the Slow-CT, there was same tendency with change in 4DCT ITV lengths and ITVs about target motion. However, the difference of ITV lengths and ITVs for the respiratory periods were the lowest in respiratory period 1 second and different slightly within respiratory period 2-4 seconds. According to the respiratory patterns, pattern A had the highest reproducibility. Pattern B, C and D were showed the difference similar to each other. However, for pattern E, the reproducibility was the lowest compared with other four patterns. The difference of ITV lengths and ITVs between Slow-CT and 4DCT was increased by increasing the respiratory periods and target motion for all respiratory patterns. When the difference of Slow-CT ITV lengths and ITVs were compared with that of 4DCT ITV lengths and ITVs, Slow-CT ITV lengths and ITVs were approximately 22 % smaller than 4DCT, and the representations of target were different in each pattern. In case of pattern A, B and C, length difference was 3 mm at S (superior) and I (inferior) direction, and the length difference of pattern D was 1.45 cm at only "I" direction whereas the length difference of pattern E was 5 mm longer in "S" direction than "I" direction. Therefore, the margin in SI directions should be determined by considering the respiratory patterns when the margin of Slow-CT is compensated for 4DCT ITV lengths. Afterward, we think that the result of this study will be useful to analyze the ITV lengths and ITVs from the CT images on the basis of the patient respiratory signals.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.255-284
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• 2005

In this paper, we have made an analysis of dCollection license system and have presented the development subject based on various case study of digital rights Management( DRM ) under domestic and abroad Open Access circumstances. For this study, fist we made an investigation into the concept and the technical component of the copyright, license and DRM that act as obstacle to open access. It is hoped that the first study will be able to help people better understand the relationship between the related technique and Open Access System. Second we analyzed Creative Commons, RoMEO, Dspace system as abroad cases and Kyungpook National University's DRM system and Seoul National University's DRM system as domestic cases for copyright protection under open access circumstances. finally we will face up to the domestic open access reality and plan the future by presenting the development subject through dCollection license system analysis.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.308-315
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• 2018

In this paper, we present the basic design results for high-resolution radar development at S-band frequency that can precisely measure the miss distance between two targets. The basic system requirement is proposed for the design of a 3.5 GHz linear frequency-modulated (LFM) radar with maximum detection distance and distance resolution of 2 km and 1 m, respectively, and the specifications of each module are determined using the radar equation. Our calculations revealed a signal-to-noise ratio ${\geq}30dB$ with a bandwidth of 150 MHz, transmission power of 43 dBm for the power amplifier, gain of 26 dBi for the antenna, noise figure of 8 dB, and radar cross-section of $1m^2$ at a target distance of 2 km from the radar. Based on the calculation results and the theory and method of LFM radar design, the hardware was designed using software defined radar technology. The results of the subsequent field test are presented that prove that the designed radar system satisfies the requirements.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.268-275
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• 2011

21C digital culture is now affecting the life of arts and development through our system, as well as body arts and body painting. Body painting is not has been focused through our lives in 21stcentury as one genre. UV body painting is from short to long wave length that demonstrates to us the dimension by science and lighting showing more than 8 colors that are better off being set. From this research the theory of body painting considerate characteristics and vision for it. From the researchers line, dots, and side shows the UV body painting as a one piece of art and analyzing the 3D theory and once again showing vision through what it's affecting to their result.' UV body painting is usage of floral paints and using so called 'black light' that shows the short and long term wavelength that provides the 3D material, but first, this is different from normal body painting like dots, like, and layers shows more thoroughly and shows focused motive and you can easily tell the difference. As of all UV body painting is showing more 3D vision more than the design itself. From all this research, to all the body painters we await the future practical theory to be used and for the better future.

• Geotechnical Engineering
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.89-110
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• 1998

Variations of backfill load on the metal-polyethylene composite( MPC ) pipes buried in various trenches backfill afterward were investigated in this paper. The backfill loads obtained by the finite element method( FBM ) were compared with those calculated by the well-known MarstonBpangler(M-5) theory. The reliability of the finite element analysis used in this study was examined by an inaitu best for the buried pipe. The backfill lords and deflections on the real-size pipe buried on-site were measured while increasing the backfill height. In addition, further investigations were made for the variations of the backfill loads as a function of several important parameters such as the backfill soil type, bach. height$(\leq4.0m)$, diameter of the pipe$(B.$1.0m)$, and trench width($\leq 3.0 B_c$). It is confirmed that the M-S theory predicts reasonably well the backfill loafs of the MPC of the M-S backfill coils be 0.13 and 0.15 for the SC and SM coils in the D unman soil model, respectively. The load ratio, Wu-s/WwgM for a narrow trench varies negligibly with the back(111 height but fiends to increase for a wide trench. The ratio increases with increasing diameter of the pipe for a narrow trench while decreasing for a wide trench. It is also found that the ratio generally decreases as the degree of compaction increases and BM soil exhibits larger load ratio than that of SC soil.