• 한국조경학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.3-19
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• 1987

The purpose of this study was to investigate desirable width / height ratio of enclosed space and to offer basic information for the design of enclosed spaces. The data of this study were gathered from the experiment through simulation. Photographic sampling of 7 campus sites located in Kwanak campus of Seoul National University and slides of perspective drawings of enclosed spaces with various D/H ratio (12, 1, 2, 4, 6, 9, 12)were used for simulation. A response format was made using the method of paired comparison and students from various departments were randomly selected for evaluation. In the method of analysis of data Thurstone's equation of Comparative Judgement was used for calculating preference score. A1so non-linear regression analysis was used for finding out relations between preference and D/H ratio. The other method of data analysis were correlation, Chi - test. And the results were summarized as follows. 1. In sketch simulation the ratio of D/H 4 got the highest preference store. This result suggests that desirable D/H ratio of enclosed space is D/H 4. And at the lower range of D/H ratio, as ratio increases, the preference score increases. At the higher range of D/H ratio, however, as ratio increases, the preference score starts to decrease from the cardinal point of D/H 4. 2. In campus photograph simulation preference is influenced by slope, elevation change of floor, trees, lawn area, familiarity, space arrangement, and exterior shape of building besides D/H ratio. 3. The preference virtue was not significantly affected by order effect. This result suggests that order effect can be ignored in the study of visual preference. 4. There are so many factors related to preference that it is difficult to explore those factors without scientific information based on scientific method. We must carry out study for scientific approach of planning and design based on precise, complete simulation technique.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.47-55
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• 1970

In order to approach a reasonable method for the indirect estimation of the productivity in terrestrial plants, allometric method was studied with herbs, such as Boenmeria frutescens and Hibiscus mutabilis, and scrubs, such as Robinia pseud oacacia and Morus alba f. Hchiroe. Allometric relations between D230H, square of the stem(or shoot) diameter(D30) on 30cm height above ground multiplied by stem length(H), and the amount of the stem(Ws), orof the leaves per stem, were fitted to each material plant with linear regression. The allometric coefficient in relation of D230H to Ws was approximated between scrubs having different life form, and the allometric function in relation of DF2 to WL was common between herbs in spite of having different growth habitat. As the allometries between D230H and Ws or WL were changeable with the seasonal change it funciton should be calculated repeatedly whenever investigating the standing crop of such community. It is able to utilize an indirect value of D30 obtained from the allometry between D30 and H because direct measurement of D30 in the field is accompanied by troublesome and waste of much time.

• International Journal of Automotive Technology
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.493-504
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• 2007

This paper proposes a stereo vision-based forward obstacle detection and distance measurement method. In general, stereo vision-based obstacle detection methods in automotive applications can be classified into two categories: IPM (Inverse Perspective Mapping)-based and disparity histogram-based. The existing disparity histogram-based method was developed for stop-and-go applications. The proposed method extends the scope of the disparity histogram-based method to highway applications by 1) replacing the fixed rectangular ROI (Region Of Interest) with the traveling lane-based ROI, and 2) replacing the peak detection with a constant threshold with peak detection using the threshold-line and peakness evaluation. In order to increase the true positive rate while decreasing the false positive rate, multiple candidate peaks were generated and then verified by the edge feature correlation method. By testing the proposed method with images captured on the highway, it was shown that the proposed method was able to overcome problems in previous implementations while being applied successfully to highway collision warning/avoidance conditions, In addition, comparisons with laser radar showed that vision sensors with a wider FOV (Field Of View) provided faster responses to cutting-in vehicles. Finally, we integrated the proposed method into a longitudinal collision avoidance system. Experimental results showed that activated braking by risk assessment using the state of the ego-vehicle and measuring the distance to upcoming obstacles could successfully prevent collisions.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제29권7호
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• pp.535-540
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• 2006

Several novel 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl) ethyl]-1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazoles (3a-h) have been synthesized by the condensation of 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-ethyl]-1H-benzotriazole (2) and appropriate acid chlorides. 1-[2-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-ethyl]-1H-benzotriazole (2) was synthesized by reacting 3-(1H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazol-1-yl)propanenitrile with sodium azide and ammonium chloride in the presence of dimethylformamide. The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR and PMR analysis. The titled compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activity by the cup plate method and anticonvulsant activity evaluated by the maximal electroshock induced convulsion method in mice. All synthesized compounds exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and moderate antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Compounds 5-(2-(1 H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)(4-aminophenyl)methanone 3d and 5-(2-(1 H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazo-1-yl)ethyl)-1H-tetrazol-1-yl)(2-aminophenyl)methanone 3e elicited excellent anticonvulsant activity.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보디스플레이학회 2004년도 Asia Display / IMID 04
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• pp.1049-1052
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• 2004

In general, contrary to the CRTs with impulsive emission, liquid crystal displays have motion artifacts such as blurring. ghost image, decrease of dynamic CR(contrast ratio), and stroboscopic motion due to hold type driving method. In this paper, to improve motion picture quality of LCDs. impulsive driving method of black data insertion was applied to the OCB mode which is well known for its fast LC response time and wide viewing angle properties. Subject evaluation was carried out with CRT, TN, SIPS(Super IPS). and impulsive driving OCB. Moving picture image quality near CRT was obtained in impulsive OCB driving mode

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2017

In hot forming process, the dies in which excessive worn or crack occurs is reused after repair. Generally hot forming dies are recycled through a welding repair method. Welding repair methods are highly dependent on the skills of engineer. It causes process defects such as dimensional defects and structural defects. Recently, the metal 3D printing method has been applied to the repair of used dies. The aim of this study is to evaluate the wear characteristics of AISI H13 tool steel repaired by 3D printing method. Three kinds of wear specimens were fabricated by using 3D printing, welding, and initial material. A pin-on-disk wear test was carried out to evaluate the wear characteristics. From the result of wear test, the wear characteristics of 3D printing method was superior to that of the welded material, and was similar to that of the initial material.

• Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.153-159
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• 1990

To increase the solubility of fentiazac which is used widely as a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug, its inclusion complex and suppositories were prepared and studied. Inclusion complexes of fentiazac with ${\beta}-cyclodertin$ $({\beta}-CyD)$ were prepared by four diffrent methods; coprecipitation method, kneading method, solvent evaporation method, freeze drying method. Suppositories of $fentiazac/{\beta}-CyD$ with PEG 1500 and Witepsol H-15 were prepared by solvent evaporation method and freeze drying method. Inclusion complex formation of fentiazac with ${\beta}-CyD$ was ascertained by powder X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry and IR spectroscopy. The dissolution rate of fentiazac from the inclusion complex increased in distilled water and KP 2nd disintegration test fluids (pH 6.8) but extemly decreased in KP 1st disintegration test fluid (pH 1.2). Inclusion complexes prepared by freeze drying method and solvent evaporation method were similar. Freeze drying method seemed to be suitable for preparation of complex with most higher dissolution rate but coprecipitation method seemed not to be suitable. The dissolution rate of fentiazac increased markedly by ${\beta}-CyD$ complexation. The release rates of suppositories increased in the following order. Complex prepared by freeze dying method in PEG 1500 > complex prepared by solvent evaporation method in PEG 1500 > fentiazac in PEG 1500 > complex prepared by freeze dying method in Witepsol H-15 > complex prepared by solvent evaporation method in Witepsol H-15 > fentiazac in Witepsol H-15.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.601-615
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 3D-Video에서 가상시점 영상을 생성하는데 필요한 깊이정보 맵의 효율적인 부호화 방법을 제안한다. 가상시점 영상은 실사 영상의 깊이정보 맵을 이용한 시점보간(View Interpolation) 방법으로 생성된다. 일반적으로 깊이정보 맵의 부호화에는 H.264 등의 자연영상에 대한 동영상 부호화 방법을 그대로 적용하고 있는데, 이러한 부호화 방법은 깊이정보 맵의 특성을 고려하지 않은 방법이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 깊이정보 맵의 영상특성을 고려하여, 맵 정보를 그레이 코드로 변환한 후 비트평면 단위로 부호화하는 방법과, H.264 부호화 방법을 블록단위로 적응적으로 선택하여 부호화하는 방법을 제안하였다. 실험결과로서 제안하는 방법의 성능은 H.264 부호화 방법에 비하여, BD-PSNR이 평균 0.5dB 향상되고, BD-rate는 평균 7.43% 감소되어 부호화효율이 우수함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 복원된 깊이정보 맵을 이용하여 생성된 가상시점 영상 간의 비교에서 제안하는 방법이 H.264 부호화 방법에 비해 주관적 화질이 크게 향상된 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 H.264/AVC SE(Scalability Extension)의 부호화 효율을 향상시킬 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 율-왜곡 최적화 기법(Rate-Distortion Optimization, RDO)이 적용된 JM(Joint Model)의 FME(Fast Motion Estimation)를 대상으로 예측된 움직임 벡터의 방향성을 고려하여 탐색영역을 결정한 후 적용적인 후보 나선형 탐색을 수행한다. 다양한 영상들을 대상으로 실험한 결과 기존의 예측 방식에 최대 80%의 연산량을 줄일 수 있음을 확인하였다. 이에 따른 화질 열화는 평균 0.05dB-0.19dB에 불과하며, 압축률은 평균 0.58%의 미미한 감소를 보임으로써, 제안한 방법이 매우 효율적임을 확인하였다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.52-61
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• 1997

This study was aimed to decrease AOX(Adsorbed Organic Halide Compounds) by applying bleaching methods of A(HNO$_3$ ＋ NaNO$_2$) and $D^{(H/L)}$(dual pH chlorine dioxide bleaching) to conventional OCEDED bleaching stages. And so we investigate the effects of NSA treatment and the influence of production rate of ion species in chlorine dioxide and pulp mixtures according to various pH as well as dual pH on pulp bleaching. Finally the effects of AOC_DED^{(H/L)}ED^{(H/L)}$ bleaching stage were investigated by measuring AOX, brightness, kappa number and viscosity of pulps. A stage was treated by using 4% $HNO_3$ and 0.05~2.0% $NaNO_2$ on pulp and $D^{(H/L)}$ stage was like that pulp mixed with chlorine dioxide solution was adjusted at pH 7.0 and reacted in pulp cosistency 3%, S~20min, $70^{\circ}C$, and then successively for 160~175min at pH 4.0. It was found that suitable $NaNO_2$ addition rate was at 0.6% where the brigtness of pulp was most higher and pulp viscosity was not decreased much. Chlorate ($CIO_3$) was decreased according to pH increase but chlorite($CIO_2$) was highly decreased according to pH increase. And chloride was slightly increased with pH increase. The applying of A and D^{(H/L)}$ bleaching stages to some various multiple bleaching stages ($AOC_DED^{(H/L)}/EopD^{(H/L)} etc.$) had good results that brightness was increased more 2~3% ISO than conventional method(OCEDEopD), but viscosity was dropped by only 1~2cps.