• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.413-417
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• 1993

This study was conducted to breed various cytoplasmic genetic male sterile (CGMS) and restorer lines with backgrounds of Korean japonica rice varieties. The CGMS line BT-CMS was crossed with the restorer line AR-3. The fertile $F_1 was emasculated and crossed with the Korean japonica rice varieties of the early maturing Sobaegbyeo, Odaebyeo, Gwanagbyeo and Daeseongbyeo, and of the medium maturing Hwajinbyeo, Paldal, Suwon 224 and Iri 386, and of the late maturing Nagdongbyeo, Palkweng, Hwacheongbyeo and Milyang 97. Each of the three way cross $F_{1S} was segregated into fertile and sterile individuals. The sterile individuals in each cross were discarded and the fertile individuals were emasculated and backcrossed with the Korean japonica rice varieties. The same process was applied from BC$_1$F$_1$ to BC$_4$F$_1$ generation. In the ${BC_4}{F_1}of each cross, the male sterile individual was crossed with the recurrent Korean japonica variety which was maintainer of male sterility. The male sterile lines of ${BC_6}{F_1}were named as Sobaegbyeo R, Odaebyeo R, Gwanagbyeo R, etc. The fertile individuals homozygous in pollen fertility were selected from the ${BC_4}{F_2}generation and named as Sobaegbyeo R, Odaebyeo R, Gwanagbyeo R, etc. Agronomic characteristics of the CGMS, restorer lines with backgrounds of Korean japonica, and the recurrent Korean japonica rice varieties grown in the field condition were compared. Culm length of the CGMS lines tended to be shorter than that of the recurrent parent, however no significant differences in heading date, panicle length and yield component were found among the CGMS, restorer and recurrent lines.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.59-63
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• 1998

Three different male-sterile cytoplasmic lines and their common maintainer 'Zhenshan 97B' and two elite restorer lines were used to study cytoplasmic effects on agronomic trait manifestation per se under different nitrogen supply levels. The result showed that cytoplasmic effects could be modified by nitrogen environments. The cytoplasmic effect on grain yield under 150 kg N/ha varied depending on crosses, while it was significantly negative in most crosses under both 60 and 330 kg N/ha. The correlation and path-coefficient analyses suggested that it was expected to improve cytoplasmic effects through reducing maximum tillers and increasing the percentage of productive tillers, leading to increased productive tillers and higher yield in hybrid rice by the aid of cultural practice and genetic transformation. This study also revealed that the same cytoplasm in different combinations had differential effect under the same nitrogen environment, indicating that cytoplasmic effect was produced by interaction of nuclear genes with cytoplasm rather than cytoplasm per se. These results indicated the usefulness of evaluating diverse cytoplasmic sources in various nuclear genotypes bred for hybrid rice breeding program. The finding also suggested that negative cytoplasmic effect could be effectively overcome by elite restorer lines through the interaction of nuclear genes with female cytoplasm.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.50-58
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• 1980

A cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile line(MS) in rapes of which fertility is not restored under any temperature regimes and have the better quaility of and oil cake was developed. A MS line named Mokpo-MS, which is form the cross between Tower and Isuzu and its stamens is degenerated completely by interact~g with cytoplasmic and nuclear genes was selected. This MS line was found as a complete cytoplasmic-genetic male sterile having the quality of oil and oil cake were greatly improved by introducing Zero-erucic and Zero-glucosinolate gene from Tower.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.28-37
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• 1980

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the utilization of F, hybrids using cytoplasmic male sterility in Burley tobacco. Four cytoplasmic male sterile lines and their male-fertile counterparts and 21 Fi hybrids and their parents were evaluated for their agronomic performance in replicated field trials. Some F1 hybrids were comparable to Burley 21, the only Burley cultivar in Korea. Among 21 F1 hybrids, MS L8$\times$Burley 49 and three other hybrids showed 2-11% and 1-5% higher yield and price per kg than Burley 21, respectively.

• Plant Resources
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2004

We characterized the resistances such as to waterlogging, Phytophythora and viruses in hybrids between Italian and Korean mother lines and screened them for complex resistances and agronomic traits to select elite multi-resistant lines for hybrid breeding. Resistance to waterlogging was selectable due to diversity of the resistance. Phytophythora resistance introduced from Italian lines could also be combined with resistance to other diseases and restoration abilities from cytoplasmic male sterility that has been maintained in Korean varieties.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.49-57
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• 1980

A $F_1$ hybrid out of 143 crosses of rape (Brassica napus) using cytoplasmic-genetic male sterility yielded 5.18 tons per hectare. European and native varieties used, were found out to have 78% and 58% of genes restoring fertility, respectively. The $F_1$ hybrids of three way cross using non-isogenic maintainer showed higher heteroses than those of double cross. To produce F 1 hybrids of three way cross, three stages of crossing operations are needed and seeds produced from about 60 hectares can be covered to 60, 000 hectares.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.74-77
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• 1986

The male sterility gene of IR36ms was transferred to four Korean rice cultivars Gayabyeo, Nampungbyeo Sinkwangbyeo and Suweon 296 by five times back crosses. From the BC$_4$F$_2$, the genetic male sterile rices having the backgrounds of the Krean cultivars, Gayabyeo ms, Nampungbyeo ms, Sinkwangbyeo ms and Suweon 296 ms were selected. No differences in number of panicles per hill, number of florets per panicle, heading date and length of panicle, were found between the male sterile lines and their parental cultivars in the four series of male sterile rices. The culm length of the male sterile lines was shorter than that of their parental cultivars in the four male sterile rice. Significant difference in out cross rate was found from the genetic male sterile rices having different back-grounds even though they have the same male sterility gene. The out cross rates of Gayabyeo ms, Nampungbyeo ms, Sinkwangbyeo ms and Suweon 296 ms were 11.5%, 13.1 %, 1.9% and 12.7% respectively. No difference in out cross rate was found on the genetic male sterile plants planted from I 5cm to 90cm from the pollinater.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.416-422
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• 2005

We previously used Southern blot analysis to detect restriction-length polymorphisms between male fertile and cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) cytoplasms at the coxII and atp6 loci of the mtDNA of Capsicum annuum L. Two copies of atp6 were found in each male fertile and CMS pepper lines. Interestingly, one of the copies of atp6 in CMS pepper was a 3'-truncated pseudogene. The open reading frame of the coxII gene was the same in the fertile (N-) and CMS (S-) lines. However, the nucleotide sequence in the S-cytoplasm diverged from that in the N-cytoplasm 41 bp downstream of the stop codon. To develop CMS-specific sequence-characterized amplified region (SCAR) markers, inverse PCR was performed to characterize the nucleotide sequences of the 5' and 3' flanking regions of mitochondrial atp6 and coxII from the cytoplasms of male fertile (N-) and CMS (S-) pepper plants. Based on these data, two CMS-specific SCAR markers, 607 and 708 bp long, were developed to distinguish N-cytoplasm from S-cytoplasm by PCR. The CMS-specific PCR bands were verified for 20 cultivars containing either N- or S-cytoplasm. PCR amplification of CMS-specific mitochondrial nucleotide sequences will allow quick and reliable identification of the cytoplasmic types of individual plants at the seedling stage, and assessment of the purity of $F_1$ seed lots. The strategy used in this report for identifying CMS-specific markers could be adopted for many other crops where CMS is used for F1 seed production.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.169-169
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology Conference
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• 2005.04a
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• pp.92-92
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• 2005