• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.261-263
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• 2009

Methylprednisolone is a synthetic glucocorticoid which is usually taken intravenously for many neurosurgical diseases which cause edema including brain tumor, and trauma including spinal cord injury. Methylprednisolone reduces swelling and decreases the body's immune response. It is also used to treat many immune and allergic disorders, such as arthritis, lupus, psoriasis, asthma, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. To identify genes expressed during methylprednisolone treatment against neurons of rats (PC12 cells), DNA microarray method was used. We have isolated 2 gene groups (up- or down-regulated genes) which are methylprednisolone differentially expressed in neurons. Lipocalin 3 is the gene most significantly increased among 772 up-regulated genes (more than 2 fold over-expression) and Aristaless 3 is the gene most dramatically decreased among 959 down-regulated genes (more than 2 fold down-expression). The gene increased expression of Fgb, Thbd, Cfi, F3, Kngl, Serpinel, C3, Tnfrsf4 and Il8rb are involved stress-response gene, and Nfkbia, Casp7, Pik3rl, I11b, Unc5a, Tgfb2, Kitl and Fgf15 are strongly associated with development. Cell cycle associated genes (Mcm6, Ccnb2, Plk1, Ccnd1, E2f1, Cdc2a, Tgfa, Dusp6, Id3) and cell proliferation associated genes (Ccl2, Tnfsf13, Csf2, Kit, Pim1, Nr3c1, Chrm4, Fosl1, Spp1) are down-regulated more than 2 times by methylprednisolone treatment. Among the genes described above, 4 up-regulated genes are confirmed those expression by RT-PCR. We found that methylprednisolone is related to expression of many genes associated with stress response, development, cell cycle, and cell proliferation by DNA microarray analysis. However, We think further experimental molecular studies will be needed to figure out the exact biological function of various genes described above and the physiological change of neuronal cells by methylprednisolone. The resulting data will give the one of the good clues for understanding of methylprednisolone under molecular level in the neurons.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제52권11호
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• pp.941-946
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• 2019

산불은 면적과 산불 강도에 따라 지역 수문환경을 중대하게 변화시킬 수 있는 중대한 요소이며, 따라서 측정자료와 모형모의를 통한 산불의 영향과 피드백을 이해하는 것은 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 2019년 4월 4-5일에 대한민국 강원도에서 발생한 산불을 원격탐사자료(8-일 500-m MODIS 지표면 반사율 자료)를 사용하여 계산한 정규탄화지수의 차이(dNBR)를 이용하여 탐지하였다. 그 결과, 산불피해 총면적은 5개의 표준유역에 걸쳐 $29.50km^2$에 달하였고, 유역 면적의 1.00-6.19%를 차지하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 원격탐사자료(8-일 500-m MODIS 증발산량 추산자료)를 사용하여 분석한 결과, 산불 이전(2004-2018년)과 비교하여 2019년의 연간 증발산량이 해당 5개 유역에서 0.05-1.56% 감소할 것이라고 추산하였다. 본 연구는 산불의 지역 수문 순환에 미치는 영향을 이해하는 데 중요하다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권3_spc호
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• pp.354-362
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• 2021

Broiler chickens grow rapidly, and their nutrient requirements change daily. However, broilers are fed three to five diet phases, meaning nutrients are under or oversupplied throughout production. Increasing diet phases improves production efficiency as there is less time in the production cycle that nutrients are in under or over-supply. Nevertheless, the process of administering four or more diets is costly and often impractical. New technologies are now available to blend feed to match the daily nutrient requirements of broilers. Thus, the aim of this review is to evaluate previous studies measuring the impact of increasing feed phases on nutrient utilisation and growth performance, and review recent studies taking this concept to the extreme; precision nutrition - feeding a new diet for each day of the production cycle. This review will also discuss how modern precision feeding technologies have been utilised and the potential that new technologies may bring to the poultry industry. The development of a precision nutrition regime which targets daily requirements by blending dietary components on farm is anticipated to improve the efficiency of production, reduce production cost and therefore improve sustainability of the industry. There is also potential for precision feeding technology along with precision nutrition strategies to deliver a plethora of other management and economic benefits. These include increased fluidity to cope with sudden environmental or market changes, and the ability to alter diets on a farm by farm level in a large, integrated operation. Thus, the future possibilities and practical implications for such technologies to generate a paradigm shift in feed formulation within the poultry industry to meet the rising demand for animal protein is also discussed.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.109-126
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• 2018

This paper presents seasonal variation of $PM_{10}$ over five urban sites in Sabah, Malaysia for the period of January through December 2012. The variability of $PM_{10}$ along with the diurnal and weekly cycles of CO, $NO_2$, $SO_2$, and $O_3$ at Kota Kinabalu site were also discussed to investigate the possible sources for increased $PM_{10}$ concentration at the site. This work is crucial to understand the behaviour and possible sources of $PM_{10}$ in the urban atmosphere of Sabah region. In Malaysia, many air pollution studies in the past focused in west Peninsular, but very few local studies were dedicated for Sabah region. This work aims to fill the gap by presenting the descriptive statistics on the variability of $PM_{10}$ concentration in the urban atmosphere of Sabah. To further examine its diurnal and weekly cycle pattern, its responses towards the variations of CO, $NO_2$, $SO_2$, and ozone were also investigated. The highest mean value of $PM_{10}$ for the whole study period is seen from Tawau ($35.7{\pm}17.8{\mu}g\;m^{-3}$), while the lowest is from Keningau ($31.9{\pm}18.6{\mu}g\;m^{-3}$). The concentrations of $PM_{10}$ in all cities exhibited seasonal variations with the peak values occurred during the south-west monsoons. The $PM_{10}$ data consistently exhibited strong correlations with traffic related gaseous pollutants ($NO_2$, and CO), except for $SO_2$ and $O_3$. The analysis of diurnal cycles of $PM_{10}$ levels indicated that two peaks were associated during the morning and evening rush hours. The bimodal distribution of $PM_{10}$, CO, and $NO_2$ in the front and at the back of ozone peak is a representation of urban air pollution pattern. In the weekly cycle, higher $PM_{10}$, CO, and $NO_2$ concentrations were observed during the weekday when compared to weekend. The characteristics of $NO_2$ concentration rationed to CO and $SO_2$ suggests that mobile sources is the dominant factor for the air pollution in Kota Kinabalu; particularly during weekdays.

• 경영정보학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.173-198
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 비즈니스 인텔리전스 연구 관점에서 기업부실화 예측 성능을 향상키시는 것이다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 기존 연구들에서 미흡하게 다루어졌던 1) 데이터셋을 구성하는 과정에서 발생하는 바이어스 문제, 2) 거시경제위험 요소의 미반영 문제, 3) 데이터 불균형 문제, 4) 서술적 바이어스 문제를 다루어 경기순환국면을 반영한 기업부실화 예측 프레임워크를 제안하고, 이를 바탕으로 기업부실화 예측 모델을 개발하였다. 본 연구에서는 경기순환국면별로 각각의 데이터셋을 구성하고, 각 데이터셋에서 의사결정나무, 인공신경망 등 단일 분류기부터 앙상블 기법까지 다양한 데이터마이닝 알고리즘을 적용하여 실험하였다. 또한 본 연구는 데이터불균형 문제를 해결하기 위해, 오버샘플링 기법인 SMOTE(synthetic minority over-sampling technique) 기법을 통해 초기 데이터 불균형 상태에서부터 표본비율을 1:1까지 변화시켜 가며, 기업부실화 예측 모델을 개발하는 실험을 하였고, 예측 모델의 변수 선정 시에 선행연구를 바탕으로 재무비율을 추출하고, 여기서 파생된 IT 산출물인 재무상태변동성과 산업수준상태변동성을 예측 모델에 삽입하였다. 마지막으로, 본 연구는 각 순환국면에서 만들어진 기업부실화 예측 모델의 예측 성능 비교와 경기 확장기와 수축기에서의 기업부실화 예측 모델의 유용성에 대해 논의하였다. 본 연구는 비즈니스 인텔리전스 연구 측면에서 기존 연구에서 미흡하게 다루어졌던 4가지 문제점을 검토하고, 이를 해결할 프레임워크를 제안함으로써 기존 연구 대비 기업부실화 예측률을 10% 이상 향상시켰다는 점에서 연구의 의의를 찾을 수 있다.

• 한국가스학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.73-84
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• 2024

본 연구에서는 기후변화 해결책 중 하나인 천연가스 복합화력발전소를 암모니아로 연료 전환 시 위험성을 파악하기 위해 ALOHA 전산 해석 프로그램을 이용하여 정량적 사고피해영향평가를 실시하였다. 국내 세종복합화력발전소를 대상으로 최악 및 대안의 사고 시나리오를 수립하고, 인화성, 복사열, 과압, 독성의 위험 요인에 대해 영향 범위를 산출한 결과, 암모니아 확산에 의한 독성 위험성이 가장 크게 나타났다. 특히, 천연가스-암모니아 혼소율에 따른 사고피해영향평가 분석 결과, 암모니아 저장 및 이송시스템으로부터 누출로 인한 독성의 피해 영향은 선형적 비례의 관계에 있음을 확인하였다. 정량적으로는 피어슨 상관계수가 LOC-1, LOC-2, LOC-3이 각각 0.991, 0.987, 0.989로 98% 이상의 높은 값을 나타냈으며, 선형계수는 LOC-1, LOC-2, LOC-3이 각각 133, 70, 29로 낮은 농도 기준일수록 암모니아 혼합 비율에 따른 피해 영향이 증가함을 확인하였다.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.42-46
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• 2003

광전용적맥파는 인체의 말초 부위에서 맥파를 검출하는데 널리 이용되고 있으며 심박동수 측정 및 혈액산소포화도 측정에 이용되고 있다. 본 연구는 940 nm의 적외선을 이용한 광전용적맥파를 이용하여 손목에서 요골동맥의 맥파를 기록하였으며 센서의 측정 위치에 따라 맥파의 모양이 다르게 나타나는 것을 관찰하였다. 요골동맥 바로 위의 피부부위에서 기록되는 광전용적파는 손가락 끝에서 기록되는 맥파에 비하여 반전되어있는 특성을 보였다. 반전된 맥파의 발생기전은 센서의 발광부에서 나오는 940 nm의 적외선이 조직에 입사하여 반사되어 나오는 경로의 용적 변화가 심장주기에 따라 일어나지만 손가락 끝부분에 비하여 반대 작용이 있음을 나타낸다. 요골동맥의 바로 위 피하 조직은 심장주기에 따라 동맥의 확장 또는 수축이 발생하면 동맥외벽과 피부 사이 조직에 혈류량의 변화가 일어나며 동맥의 확장 시에는 혈류량이 감소하고 이완시에는 증가되는 특성으로 인하여 반전맥파를 형성하는 것으로 추측된다. 이러한 결과는 요골동맥의 벽에서 적외선 반사가 있음을 시사한다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2005

A goal of this research is to propose the remodeling possibility from deteriorated stock apartment housing, to three generation family living in a dwelling unit for low incomes. An apartment housing which was built from 1970s, is accumulated over $55\%$ of the stock housing in Korea, many of them are confront with a rebuilding in a short usage of twenty years below. They are small one, and many of the residence complain narrow and small space compare to economic growth and their needs. This article deals the reform of two to one dwelling units, that it can be use for three generation family living as a new residence, because its spatial character is more controled privacy condition as a four bay spatial organization in the dwelling. The reform simulated in a 10, 13, 14, 15, and 16 pyung, the remodeling size became from 20 to 30 pyung, and its reform can be apply to extend life cycle of a stock confront with redevelopment. The possibility of the reform houses have more intensive privacy in a house compare with same area of new apartment. It tells us that we can recycle the deteriorate apartment house into three generation family living use, and it will be clue to change slum clearance into reform and recycle of deteriorate apartment house.

• 한국농공학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.116-124
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• 1996

The purpose of The work described in this paper is to clear up the initial moisture content, specific surface, air drying and freezing-thawing process on liquid limit of clayey soils distributed widely at estuary of three main rivers in the west coast. To this end, a series of tests were conducted on clayey soils samples with natural state and treated state. From the test results, the liquid limit was decreased with decrement of initial moisture content, air drying process, and freezing-thawing cycles and increased with increment of specific surface. The specific surface which influenced on the liquid limit is over $25 m^2$m$^2$/g, and their relationships are well formulated. Air drying process is expected to improve the engineering properties of the soils such the pro-water properties were changed to anti-water proper-ties through lowering of water holding as resulted to incline from A-7-5 to A-5 on the soil classificaction plastic chart. The freezing-thawing process decreased 20% of liquid limit, especially under the first cycle of the behavious, as a result of above mentioned reasons, phase change of soil-water system brought the decrement of specific surface and affected to the liquid limit.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2016

STS304L of membrane structure has been used for a LNG storage tank and has exposed long time under the cryogenic temperature. The purposes of this study are to evaluate the mechanical properties of base and used materials for STS304L of membrane. The tensile and high cycle fatigue tests were investigated for STS304L of membrane used over 20 years at room temperature and $-162^{\circ}C$. In addition, the test of base STS304L was performed in order to compare with used material properties. The chemical composition and phase change were investigated from EDS and XRD. From results of tensile test, yield and ultimate tensile strengths of used STS304L are smaller than those of base STS304L. S-N curves were obtained from fatigue tests at both temperatures. Also, P-S-N curves were presented with statistical method recommend by JSME-S002. Fractography was conducted for analysis of fracture mechanisms.