• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.205-216
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• 2015

Background: Many developing countries are lagging behind in reporting epidemiological data for individual central nervous system (CNS) tumors. This paper aimed to elicit patterns for the epidemiology of individual World Health Organization (WHO) classified CNS tumors in countries registered by WHO as "developing". Materials and Methods: Cyber search was carried out through 66 cancer networks/registries and 181 PubMed published papers that reported counts of CNS tumors for the period of 2009-2012. The relationship between the natural log of incidence Age Standardized Rate (ASR) reported by Globocan and Latitude/ Longitude was investigated. Results: Registries for 21 countries displayed information related to CNS tumors. In contrast tends for classified CNS tumor cases were identified for 38 countries via 181 PubMed publications. Extracted data showed a majority of unclassified reported cases [PubMed (38 countries, 45.7%), registries (21 countries, 96.1%)]. For classified tumors, astrocytic tumors were the most frequently reported type [PubMed (38 countries, 1,245 cases, 15.7%), registries (21 countries, 627 cases, 1.99%]. A significant linear regression relationship emerged between latitudes and reported cases of CNS tumors. Conclusions: Previously unreported trends of frequencies for individually classified CNS tumors were elucidated and a possible link of CNS tumors occurrence with geographical location emerged.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.7 no.7
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• pp.956-966
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• 2004

The Korean animation has enjoyed the brisk formation and establishment of its world-class infra for the last several years without unified titles or concepts, under the name of a national strategic project in the age of digital image. It also enjoys its new evaluation as digital animation that it's one of the greatest money making business in the non-education and frivolous culture and has the closest relations with the modern time. A great portion of popular image media has been taken by animation for the last 30 years. In this paper we propose a motion algorithm using an animation technology. It was developed for education purposed and accessible through the internet. For instance, in Cyber Clam Museum, 1000 gesture contents, the visual processes were used to design a screen with a realistic image and create an animation that makes possible show at 360 and every such transformation as translation, rotation, and scaling can be applied in the image interactively for the convenient and effective viewing.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.233-245
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary habits and nutrient intakes on skin condition of female university students. The subjects were 95 female university students in Daegu. This study examined anthropometric measurements, dietary intake, food intake habits and skin condition (moisture, elasticity, sebum (U-zone, T-zone), pores, evenness and melanin pigmentation. The subjects in this study had an average age of 21.4, an average height and weight of 161.2 cm and 52.9 kg, respectively, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 20.3 $kg/m^2$. The means of skin elasticity, pores, evenness, and melanin pigmentation were within the normal range of women in their 20s and the skin moisture state was slightly lower than the normal range, which showed a dry tendency. The sebum in the U-zone and the T-zone was lower than the standard values, which showed less secretion in both areas. The subjects with high nut intake showed a better skin pore state (p < 0.05). Those with a high intake of instant foods showed a sig-nificantly low skin moisture and a significantly higher sebum rate (p < 0.05). The group with high skin elasticity and the group with less melanin pigmentation showed a significantly low animal protein intake (p < 0.05). The group with high skin elasticity also showed a significantly higher vitamin A and niacin intakes as well (p < 0.05). The group with high skin evenness showed a significantly lower animal lipid intake and a significantly higher vitamin E intake (p < 0.05). In addition, those with high skin elasticity and evenness as well as low melanin pigmentation showed a tendency of high intake of antioxidant vitamins, such as vitamin A, carotene, vitamin C or vitamin E. In summary, a moderate intake of plant-based products and also the antioxidant vitamins within such products seems to have a beneficial effect on maintaining a healthy and good skin condition.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.201-205
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• 1997

With the recent advance of Web and its associated technologies, information sharing on distribute computing environments has gained a great amount of attention from many researchers in many application areas, such as medicine, engineering, and business. One basic requirement of distributed medical consultation systems is that geographically dispersed, disparate participants are allowed to exchange information readily with each other. Such software also needs to be supported on a broad range of computer platforms to increase the software's accessibility. In this paper, the development of world-wide-web based medical consultation system or radiology imaging is addressed to provide the platform independence and great accessibility. The system supports sharing of 3-dimensional objects. We use VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language), which is the de-facto standard in 3-D modeling on the Web. 3-D objects are reconstructed from CT or MRI volume data using a VRML format, which can be viewed and manipulated easily in Web-browsers with a VRML plug-in. A Marching cubes method is used in the transformation of scanned volume data set to polygonal surfaces of VRML. A decimation algorithm is adopted to reduce the number of meshes in the resulting VRML file. 3-D volume data are often very large-sized, and hence loading the data on PC level computers requires a significant reduction of the size of the data, while minimizing the loss of the original shape information. This is also important to decrease network delays. A prototype system has been implemented (http://netopia.snu.ac.kr/-cyber/). and several sessions of experiments are carried out.

• Archives of design research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.257-266
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• 2002

Modern Society is tuning to the wide organized social structure with highly varieties. To the cultural aspects in these days of the late-indusoial society, due to the post-modernism. This kind of trend was found in overall fields of studies. Therefore, the post-modernism is to be a kind of a modern spirit ruling over the late 20th century. Post-modernism is a vague expression, that was begun to appear in various artistic intellectual, ideologic trends with a repulsion of modern design after the World War II. The present age as a modern society slews a distinguished mark of undifferentiation disorganization and relaxation, disassembling of social structure. With the study on the background of occurrence, character and philosophy for the post-modernism, the theoretical background of post-modernism could be seen. According to the influence of post-modernism, the minimalism, retro-design, kitsch-design, deconstructionism-design deconstructionism-design, new materia1-design and cyber-design shown on each trend of modern industrial design were studied.

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.49-58
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• 2020

In the era of the fourth industrial revolution, the world is undergoing rapid social change. The purpose of this study is to predict the expected changes and necessary competencies and desired curriculum and teaching methods in the field of mechanical engineering in the near future. The research method was a Delphi study. It was conducted three times with 20 mechanical engineering experts. The results of the study are as follows: In the field of mechanical engineering, it will be increased the situational awareness by the use of measurement sensors, development of computer applications, flexibility and optimization by user's needs and mechanical equipment, and demand for robots equipped with AI. The mechanical engineer's career perspectives will be positive, but if it is stable, it will be a crisis. Therefore active response is needed. The competencies required in the field of mechanical engineering include collaborative skills, complex problem solving skills, self-directed learning skills, problem finding skills, creativity, communication skills, convergent thinking skills, and system engineering skills. The undergraduate curriculum to achieve above competencies includes four major dynamics, basic science, programming coding education, convergence education, data processing education, and cyber physical system education. Preferred mechanical engineering teaching methods include project-based learning, hands-on education, problem-based learning, team-based collaborative learning, experiment-based education, and software-assisted education. The mechanical engineering community and the government should be concerned about the education for mechanical engineers with the necessary competencies in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, which will make global competitiveness in the mechanical engineering fields.

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.57-66
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• 2008

In the past, strong social bands, which had spontaneous communities, existed in Korean traditional society. However, while it's developing through industrialization; monolithic apartment houses were introduced which causes less interaction between neighbors. With the growing attention to the higher living quality, various schemes to revitalize the community spirits have been groped, including to improve in hardhearted neighborhood relationships and to cope with the dreariness in the city. With the development of the internet and the spread of 'digital home', the communities in cyber space have been especially revitalized since the information-oriented society. In a move to strengthen the communities in apartment complexes, this study tries to find the revitalization scheme for virtual communities in apartment complexes by analyzing the contents of its web sites and understanding the world of virtual community. These are compared and analyzed. The related virtual communities ("cafe" or "blogs") are also analyzed. The results are as follows. 1) There are some differences among the contents provided by apartment virtual community developing companies, still, it could be categorized into four types; "apartment complex introduction and management information" "community revitalization" "living guide" "individual services" 2) The contents provided by self-organized communities of residents neither require additional charge nor special membership for information while the formation is not systematized. 3) In the comparison of apartment virtual community developing companies with residents self-organized communities, "apartment complex introduction and management information" on freeboard, notice, request and Q&A, and "community revitalization" on communication board are both provided throughout the web sites. 4) The contents provided by apartment virtual community developing companies makes the information available in a wide range with managers, on the other hand, self-organized communities emphasize on showing attachment and concern of residents and requiring communications between neighborhoods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.56 no.9 s.109
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• pp.157-175
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• 2006

The purposes of this study are to establish a theoretical concept of nudism from sociocultural context, to examine its formative characteristics, to analyze the cultural meaning of nudism style showing in the 2000's fashion world, and to analyze and examine its aesthetic qualities. The way of a study was based on analysis and review on philosophy, aesthetics, sociology, popular culture and various documents at home and abroad and previous study and research materials about art and clothes for theoretical study. Also, we carried out a case study by analyzing photo data from fashion books, magazines and internet websites, considering the body and dress as visual objects. The summary and conclusions of this study are as follows: 1. Nudism of the sociocultural context was divided into change of understanding of the body and liberation of the body; naturalism; resistant culture; psychoanalysis context. 2. The formative characteristics of nudism style in fashion are classified in Exposure, Transparency and Body Conscious. 3. The cultural meaning of nudism style expressed in the 2000's fashion are sexual opening, surfeit of mass media, pursuit of naturalism, lookism, and individualism. 4. Nudism style expressed in 2000's fashion is drawn as three aesthetic qualities: Eroticism, Primitivism and Futurism. First, Eroticism of nudism style fashion which seeks for sexual stimulus is classified in Sensualism, Provocation and Innocence. Second, Primitivism of nudism style fashion which tends towards naturalism objecting to mechanic and digital civilization and hoping for return to the origin is classified in Primitivism, Naturalism and Sensualism as per aesthetics qualities. Futurism which is the nudism style presenting futuristic expression through using a new material is analyzed as High Technology, Cyber Sexism and functional Future.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.55 no.2
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• pp.116-120
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• 2011

Abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays an important role in the development and progression of proliferative cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis. To find antiproliferative agent (A)-8 had inhibitory effect on VSMCs proliferation. Therefore, we examined the antiproliferative effect of A-8, a newly synthesized obovatol derivative. To investigate the antiproliferative effect of A-8, we examined cell counting and [$^3H$]-thymidine incorporation assays. The pre-incubation of A-8 (1~4 ${\mu}M$) significantly inhibited proliferation and DNA synthesis of 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS)-stimulated rat aortic VSMCs in concentration-dependent manner. Whereas, A-8 did not show any cytotoxicity in rat aortic VSMCs in this experimental condition by WST-1 assay. In addition, A-8 significantly inhibited 5% FBS-induced cell cycle progression in rat aortic VSMCs. These results show that A-8 may be developed as a potential antiproliferative agent for treatment of angioplasty restenosis and atherosclerosis. Furthermore, A-8 should be examined for further clinical application either as a single agent or in combination with other angioplasty restenosis or atherosclerosis agents.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.21-31
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• 2012

The virtual reality consists of a virtual space constructed similar to the reality and agents residing in it. Our virtual space refers to an orderly space that is governed by such physical properties as mass, gravity, friction, and associated rules on top of the usual visual rendering. To construct this virtual world we are to develop virtual agents behaving like humans and the environment surrounding them. In order to improve the existing reactive agents designed to act to their designers' dictation in predetermined space or memory into autonomous agents, we need diverse kinds of knowledge among others related to the spaces for the agents to act in. Our design and implementation focuses on the spatial knowledge among those diverse aspects of knowledge required. The developed knowledge representation scheme is used on a basis for realistic and efficient physical cyber-environment, and as the knowledge structure to simulate the virtual agents' knowledges on spaces.