• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권12호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2015

청각처리장애는 정상 청력을 가졌음에도 불구하고 청각신경계에서 청각 정보를 처리하는 과정의 문제로 자신이 들은 소리를 이해하지 못한다. 본 연구는 최근 문헌들이 제시하는 청각처리장애의 중재 방법을 조사하여 청각 처리장애를 가진 아동을 위한 중재 안내도를 마련하고자 하였다. 청각처리장애를 가진 아동은 진단의 구체적 결함에 따라 Buffalo 모델과 Bellis/Ferre 모델의 유형으로 분류되고 결함을 치료하기 위한 문제중심 중재 전략과 결함의 영향을 관리하는 전반적 중재 전략이 결정된다. 그리고 문제중심 중재 전략은 두 모델의 유형별 특징에 따라 맞춤 전략으로 구성되고, 전반적 중재 전략은 보상 전략, 청능훈련, 환경수정 등이 추천된다. 이러한 중재가 진행되기 위해서는 다학문적 팀에 의해 아동의 청각 기능을 향상시킬 수 있는 다양한 중재 방법들을 선정하고 집중적이고 지속적으로 제공하여야 한다. 청각처리장애의 중재 안내도는 청각처리장애 확인, 중재, 재평가, 수정된 중재 단계로 구성되었다. 이 안내도를 통해 청각처리장애가 의심되거나 청각처리장애를 진단 받은 아동의 어려움을 줄이기 위하여 관련 임상가와 교사들이 적절한 중재 방법과 절차를 찾을 수 있도록 돕고자 하였다.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.101-117
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• 2007

본 논문에서는 연결성, 신뢰성, 교통량 제약조건을 만족하는 최소 비용의 소형궤도차량 선로네트워크를 설계하기 위한 유전알고리즘을 제안한다. 소형궤도차량 시스템은 다수의 자동화된 차량들이 공중에 설치된 선로네트워크를 따라 움직이는 신개념 교통 시스템이다. 주어진 역의 위치와 역간 교통량 수요에 대해 최적의 선로네트워크를 구하는 문제는 소형궤도차량 시스템에 관련된 가장 중요한 문제 가운데 하나이다. 본 논문에서는 선로네트워크를 방향성 링크를 갖는 그래프로 표현하고 그 비용과 연결성, 신뢰성, 교통량을 수식화하였다. 이렇게 주어진 네트워크 성능지표를 바탕으로 선로네트워크 설계 문제에 적절한 연산자들로 구성된 유전알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 연산자들은 안정상태 선택 연산자, 수리 알고리즘, 방향성이 있는 돌연변이 연산자를 포함한다. 제안된 유전알고리즘의 적절한 변수를 결정하고 그 성능을 타 알고리즘과 비교하기 위한 실험을 수행하였다. 최대 210개의 링크를 갖는 선로네트워크에 대해 수행된 실험결과는 제안된 유전알고리즘이 적절한 시간 내에 만족스러운 해를 구할 수 있음을 보인다.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제44권5호
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• pp.421-432
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• 2018

Objectives: In this study, we started to develop an indoor garden integrated IoT solution based on IAQ (indoor air quality) and interconnection with an environmental database for smart management of indoor gardens. The purpose of this study was to develop and apply an integrated solution for customized air purification from an indoor garden through big data analysis using IoT technology. Methods: An IoT-based IAQ monitoring system was established in three households within a new apartment building. Based on real-time and long-term data collected, $PM_{2.5}$, $CO_2$, temperature, and humidity changes were compared to those of indoor garden applications and the analyzed results were indexed. Results As a result of the installation, all three households had no results exceeding the standard for indoor air pollution on average $PM_{2.5}$ and $CO_2$ indices. In the case of indoor garden installation, the IAQ index increased to the "Good" section after the installation, and readings in the "Bad" section shown before the installation disappeared. The comfort index also did not dip into the "Uncomfortable" section, where it had been preinstallation, and significantly lowered the average score from "Uncomfortable for sensitive groups" to "Good". Overall, the IAQ composite index for the generation of installations decreased the "Good" interval, but "Bad" did not appear. Conclusions In this study on developing an integrated solution for IAQ based on IoT indoor gardens, big data was analyzed to determine IAQ and comfort indexes and an IAQ composite index. Through this process, it became understood that it is necessary to monitor IAQ based on IoT.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.219-223
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• 2009

Objective : Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is frequently used to localize language areas in a non-invasive manner. Various paradigms for presurgical localization of language areas have been developed, but a systematic quantitative evaluation of the efficiency of those paradigms has not been performed. In the present study, the authors analyzed different language paradigms to see which paradigm is most efficient in localizing frontal language areas. Methods : Five men and five women with no neurological deficits participated (mean age, 24 years) in this study. All volunteers were right-handed. Each subject performed 4 tasks, including fixation (Fix), sentence reading (SRI. pseudoword reading (PR), and word generation (WG). Fixation and pseudoword reading were used as contrasts. The functional area was defined as the area(s) with a t-value of more than 3.92 in fMRI with different tasks. To apply an anatomical constraint, we used a brain atlas mapping system, which is available in AFNI, to define the anatomical frontal language area. The numbers of voxels in overlapped area between anatomical and functional area were individually counted in the frontal expressive language area. Results : Of the various combinations, the word generation task was most effective in delineating the frontal expressive language area when fixation was used as a contrast (p<0.05). The sensitivity of this test for localizing Broca's area was 81 % and specificity was 70%. Conclusion : Word generation versus fixation could effectively and reliably delineate the frontal language area. A customized effective paradigm should be analyzed in order to evaluate various language functions.

• 한국정보과학회논문지:시스템및이론
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• 제31권3_4호
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• pp.213-223
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• 2004

본 논문에서는 다중 쓰레드 기반의 서버 프로그래밍을 위한 예측 기반의 동적 쓰레드 풀 기법을 제안하였다. 기존의 쓰레드 풀(Thread fool) 모델은 고정된 쓰레드 풀(Hounded Thread Pool)모델로, 서버에 최적화된 개수의 쓰레드를 유지하면서 다수의 요청에 대해 빠르게 응답할 수 있다는 장점이 있으나, 사용자의 접속이 적을 경우에도 고정된 시스템 자원을 점유하여야 하므로, 자원의 효율적인 사용에 문제가 있다. 이를 극복하기 위해 동적으로 쓰레드 풀의 크기를 변경하는 워터마크 쓰레드 풀 모델이 개발되었고, 본 논문에서는 이를 기반으로 지수평균을 사용하여 앞으로 필요한 쓰레드의 개수를 예측하고 쓰레드를 사전에 생성하여 더욱 효율적으로 자원을 활용하도록 하는 예측기반의 동적 쓰레드 풀 기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 기법은 사용자의 요청이 많을 경우 사용자 요청에 대한 응답시간을 빠르게 하구 요청 량이 적을 경우에는 불필요한 자원을 점유하지 않게 하여 기존의 워터마크 쓰레드 풀 모델에 비해 보다 성능이 좋고 자원을 효율적으로 활용함을 실험을 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권12호
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• pp.3715-3724
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• 2009

최근 들어 산업계에서 컴포넌트 기반의 소프트웨어 개발이 새로운 효율적 소프트웨어 개발 패러다임으로 받아들여지고 있다. 1990년대 후반 컴포넌트 기반 소프트웨어 공학이 소개되면서 컴포넌트기반 소프트웨어 개발 (CBSD) 관련 연구는 컴포넌트 모델링, 개발 방법론, 아키텍처, 그리고 컴포넌트 플랫폼 등에 주로 집중되어왔다. 그러나 시장에서 가용한 컴포넌트들의 수가 증가함에 따라, 컴포넌트들의 다양한 특성들을 정량화하기 위한 메트릭에 대한 개발이 점차 중요해지기 시작했다. 본 논문에서 우리는 소프트웨어 컴포넌트의 복잡도, 특화성, 재사용성을 측정할 수 있는 메트릭들을 제안한다. 복잡도 메트릭은 컴포넌트의 복잡성을 평가하는데 사용가능하고, 특화성은 해당 컴포넌트가 조직의 특화된 요구사항에 맞도록 얼마나 효율적이면서 폭넓게 커스터마이즈될 수 있는지를 측정하는데 사용된다. 재사용성은 애플리케이션을 구축할 때 해당 컴포넌트의 재사용되는 정도를 측정하는 용도로 사용된다. 제안하는 이러한 메트릭들은 컴포넌트가 갖는 특징들을 정량화하는데 보다 효율적으로 사용될 수 있으리라 기대한다.

• 한국도로학회논문집
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.105-115
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• 2016

PURPOSES : This study was initiated to analyze the characteristics of bus traffic accidents, by bus types, using the decision tree in order to establish customized safety alternatives by bus types, including the intra-city bus, rural area bus, and inter-city bus. METHODS : In this study, the major elements involved in bus traffic accidents were identified using decision trees and CHAID algorithm. The decision tree was used to identify the characteristics of major elements influencing bus traffic accidents. In addition, the CHAID algorithm was applied to branch the decision trees. RESULTS : The number of casualties and severe injuries are high in bus accidents involving pedestrians, bicycles, motorcycles, etc. In the case of light injury caused by bus accidents, different results are found. In the case of intra-city bus accidents, the probability of light injury is of 77.2% when boarding a non-owned car and breaching of duty to drive safely are involved. In the case of rural area bus accidents, the elements showing the highest probability of light injury are boarding an owned car, vehicle-to-vehicle accidents, and breaching of duty to drive safely. In the case of intra-city bus accidents, boarding owned car, streets, and vehicle-to-vehicle accidents work as the critical elements. CONCLUSIONS : In this study, the bus accident data were categorized by bus types, and then the influential elements were identified using decision trees. As a result, the characteristics of bus accidents were found to be different depending on bus types. The findings in this study are expected to be utilized in establishing effective alternatives to reduce bus accidents.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.85-98
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to examine the levels of the subjective oral health awareness of local residents in the city of Changwon and Haman county in an effort to lay the foundation for the development of customized local oral health education programs. The 2015 community health survey data were used, and the data from 864 residents in Changwon and from 719 dwellers in Haman county were analyzed. The Changwon residents brushed their teeth after lunch more, received more oral checkups over the past year and had more scaling experience. The Haman residents had more experience of not receiving dental treatment. The subjective health awareness, subjective oral health awareness, chewing difficulty and periodontal health of the Haman dwellers were all worse, and all the levels of awareness were lower among the respondents who were older and who were diagnosed with hypertension and/or diabetes. The respondents who made use of dentures and who didn't brush their teeth after lunch had experience of not receiving dental treatment, and all the levels of health-related awareness were lower among the respondents who didn't receive dental checkups nor had scaling experience. To remedy the situation, efforts should be made to prevent and manage chronic diseases, and the establishment of a system that guarantees regular dental checkups and scaling is required. And the kind of environments that everybody can receive dental treatment when they want should be prepared. In order to change negative awareness, necessary measures should be taken to provide oral health education that is not temporary but sustainable and tailored to local characteristics and different life stages.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.202-209
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• 2019

Purpose: Cranioplasty (CP) is often required for survival after decompressive craniectomy. Several materials, including autologous bone and various artificial materials, have been introduced for CP, but it remains unclear which material is best for CP. This study aimed to explore differences in complications between patients who underwent CP using an autologous bone flap versus a three-dimensional (3D) titanium mesh and to identify significant risk factors for post-CP complications. Methods: In total, 44 patients were enrolled in this study and divided into two groups (autologous bone vs. 3D titanium mesh). In both groups, various post-CP complications were evaluated. Through a comparative analysis, we aimed to identify differences in complications between the two groups and, using binary logistic analysis, to determine significant factors associated with complications after CP. Results: In the autologous bone flap group, there were three cases of surgical infection (3/24, 12.5%) and 11 cases of bone flap resorption (BFR) (11/24, 45.83%). In the 3D titanium mesh group, there was only one case of surgical infection (1/20, 5%) and 11 cases of various complications, including mainly cosmetic issues (11/20, 55%). A subgroup risk factor analysis of CP with an autologous bone flap showed no risk factors that predicted BFR with statistical significance, although a marginal association was found between larger bone flaps and BFR (odds ratio [OR]=1.037, p=0.090). In patients treated with a 3D titanium mesh, multivariate analysis revealed that only the existence of a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt system was strongly associated with overall post-CP complications (OR=18.66, p=0.021). Conclusions: Depending on which material was used, different complications could occur, and the rate of complications was relatively high in both groups. Hence, the material selected for CP should be selected based on individual patients' conditions.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.299-311
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• 2013

An educational application (App) called 'Children's Food Avatar' was developed in this study by using a food DB of nutrition and functionality from Rural Development Administration (RDA) as a smart-learning mobile device for elementary school students. This App was designed for the development of children's desirable dietary habits through an on-line activity of food choices for a meal from food DB of RDA provided as Green Water Mill guide. A customized avatar system was introduced as an element of fun and interactive animation for children which provides nutritional evaluation of selected foods by changing its appearance, facial look, and speech balloon, and consequently providing chances of correcting their food choices for balanced diet. In addition, nutrition information menu was included in the App to help children understand various nutrients, their function and healthy dietary life. When the App was applied to 54 elementary school students for a week in November, 2012, significant increases in the levels of knowledge, attitude and behavior in their diet were observed compared with those of the control group (p < 0.05, 0.01). Both elementary students and teachers showed high levels of satisfaction ranging from 4.30 to 4.89 for the App, therefore, it could be widely used for the dietary education for elementary school students as a smart-learning device.