• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제8권3호
• /
• pp.161-175
• /
• 2008

With the change of medical environment, people are taking interest not just in treatment but in the prevention of oral diseases. As people's interest in oral diseases increases, the number of dental institutions is increasing continuously and this is heightening the necessity and importance of professional dental hygienists equipped with expert knowledge of oral health. Thus the present study purposed to survey and analyze the current state and weight of works carried out by dental hygienists, and to propose dental hygienists' works desirable in the medical environment changing its focus from treatment to prevention. The results of this study are as follows; 1. In the results of dividing dental hygienists' works into oral examination and preliminary examination, preventive works, assistance to dental treatment, oral health education, hospital administration and management, and surveying the performance rate of these works, the work of the highest performance rate in preliminary examination was collection of patients' systemic history (87.6%). It was also scaling (96.9%) in preventive dental treatment, preparation for treatment (96.5%) in assistance to dental treatment, education on the toothbrushing method (92.3%) in oral health education, and tool disinfection and management (72.2%) in hospital administration and management. 2. When the performance rate was surveyed according to age, institution, and work experience, the performance rate by work area was highest in dental hygienists aged between 27~28, those working at a dental clinic, and those with 4~6 years' work experience. 3. The weight of dental hygienists' works was high in order of assistance to dental treatment (59.1%), observation of oral health condition and preliminary examination (12.4%), oral health education (12.4%), hospital administration and management (10.4%), and preventive dental treatment (5.8%), but in the results of surveying perception on the importance of works, the importance was high in order of oral health education (34.7%), preventive dental treatment (29.0%), observation of oral health condition and preliminary examination (19.3%), assistance to dental treatment (11.2%), and hospital administration and management (5.8%), showing that the weight of works carried out current was different from perception on the weight of works regarded as important. 4. To the question on parts to be developed in response to the change of medical environment, the most frequent answers were the establishment of their roles as preventive dental practitioners (75.7%), and the establishment of their roles as oral health educators (74.9%). This was consistent with the works that dental hygienists gave the highest weight to, and suggested that dental hygienists regarded preventive dental treatment as most important. Development of abilities to give counsel to patients was 55.2%, acquisition of theoretical knowledge of dental treatment 42.1%, improvement in quality as a hospital manager 28.2%, and acquisition of skills to assist dental treatment 23.2%. These show that, even with regard to the development of future oriented dental hygienists' capacities, assistance to dental treatment was perceived less important as it was with regard to the importance of work.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.151-156
• /
• 2013

Hanwoo (Also known as Korean native cattle; Bos taurus coreanae) have been used for transportation and farming for a long time in South Korea. It has been about 30 yrs since Hanwoo improvement began in earnest as beef cattle for meat yield. The purpose of this study was to determine the trend of improvement as well as to estimate genetic parameters of the traits being used for seedstock selection based on the data collected from the past. Hanwoo proven bulls in South Korea are currently selected through performance and progeny tests. National Hanwoo genetic evaluations are implemented with yearling weight (YW), carcass weight (CW), eye muscle area (EMA), backfat thickness (BF) and marbling score (MS). Yearling weights and MS are used for selecting young bulls, and EMA, BF, and MS are used for selecting proven bulls. One individual per testing room was used for performance tests, and five individuals per room for progeny tests. Individuals tested were not allowed to graze pasture, but there was enough space for them to move around in the testing room. Feeds including roughages and minerals were fed ad libitum, and concentrates were provided at the rate of about 1.8% of individual weight. Overall means of the traits were $352.8{\pm}38.56$ kg, $335.09{\pm}44.61$ kg, $77.85{\pm}8.838\;cm^2$, $8.6{\pm}3.7$ mm and $3.293{\pm}1.648$ for YW, CW, EMA, BF and MS. Heritabilities estimated in this study were 0.30, 0.30, 0.42, 0.50 and 0.63 in YW, CW, EMA, BF and MS, respectively, which are similar to results from previous research. Yearling weight was 315.54 kg in 1998, and had increased to 355.06 kg in 2011, resulting in about 40 kg of improvement over 13 yrs. YW and CW have improved remarkably over the past 15 yrs. Breeding values between 1996 and 2000 decreased or did not change much, but have moved in a desirable direction since 2001. These improvements correspond with the substantial increase in use of animal models since the late 1990s in Korea. Hanwoo testing programs have practically contributed to the improvement in aspects of quality and quantity. In sum, the current selection system is good enough to accommodate circumstances where fewer sires are used on many more cows. Although progeny tests take longer and cost more, they seem to be appropriate under the circumstances of the domestic market with its higher requirement for better meat quality. Consequently, accumulative data collection, genetic evaluation model development, revision of selection indices, as well as cooperation among farms, associations, National Agricultural Cooperative Federation, universities, research institutes, and government agencies must be applied to the Hanwoo selection program. All these efforts will assist the domestic market to secure a competitive position against imported beef under Free Trade Agreement trade system and will provide farmers with higher profits as well as the public with a higher quality of beef.

• 한국의료질향상학회지
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.23-34
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This qualitative study was conducted to examine the current status and problems concerning the collection of present on admission (POA) indicators and determine how to use these indicators for evaluating the quality of care and degree of patient safety. Methods: A total of 11 health information managers were divided into two groups according to the size of their hospitals. Two focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted, one for each group, which followed a pre-developed semi-structured guideline. The verbatim transcriptions of the FGDs were analyzed. Results: The majority of participants were concerned about entering POA flags honestly because they did not know how future POA indicators would be used. In particular, for some participants, POA N was a burden that could imply a signal of mismanagement within the medical institution. In addition, the lack of awareness and indifference of physicians regarding POA indicators were some of the difficulties for POA flag entry. Although medical institutions are making efforts to improve the accuracy of POA flagging, many participants mentioned the need to develop real case-oriented POA entry guidelines to improve the accuracy of POA flagging. Conclusion: To increase the validity of POA indicators, it is necessary to increase the level of awareness of POA indicators in physicians and other medical professionals. Furthermore, efforts related to POA indicators by individual medical institutions need to be reflected in the process evaluation.

• 한국보건간호학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.5-46
• /
• 1989

The current medical payment Insurance Rates in Korea stipulate charges for medical treatment by the doctor, pharmaceutist, medical technician and maternity nurse. But unfortunately didn't specify those charges for nursing done by the professional nurse. Only basic nursing fee is accounted insufficiently in current medical insurance fee schedule. therefore, Being face with covering entire people by medical insurance by 1991, It seems that the problems pertaining to operating the hospital and medical insurance system would be incessantly expanded in that no mention is made of medical charges rendered by major medical producer service in the current system, For that reason, this study made an attempt to clarify the importance the professional nursing puts of the current medical payment. The purpose of this study was to accounting nursing fee which diveded into the current medical fee schedule. (Method) 1. Data collection; Importance and difficulties in nursing activities was conducted in 'S' National University Hospital. Total nursing activities were selected 72 items which included direct care and indirect care. This study was conducted to evaluating the degree of importance and difficulties according to nursing activities through questionnaire to 204 RN. and so relative difficulties (acuity) were computered because the nursing cost level of each nursing service was differently established by the equivalent coefficient according to degree of relative difficulty and time required. 2. Calculation of cost according to nursing activities; After 47 nursing activities were selected in General surgery nursing units, calculation of nursing cost was as follows Cost of Nursing activity = (relative difficulty X Average hourly wage and benefits of nurse) + material cost of nursing -t- Average nursing administration cost So, Calculated cost by nursing activities was compared to current non-insured and insurance rate. 3. Calculation of nursing cost by K - DRG ; Total of 578 patients who were hospitalized in General Surgery units from January to March 1988 ware classified by K - DRG After estimation of total nursing cost based on the K-DRG, verified the appropriateness of basic nursing fee in medical insurance rate (Results) 1. Analysis of degree of importance and difficulties were 4.16 and 3.67 based on 5 point scale. This score were judged that it is worthy specifying the nursing fee 2. The nursing cost of 47 nursing service items in general surgery patients showed that the average cost of nursing activity was \1374.5 and The lowest cost was \217 of 'oral administration nursing' item, The highest cost was \11,025 of 'saline enematill clear' item 3. The result of comparison between the calculated cost by nursing activities against the current non-insured and insurance rate showed that 13 items(27.7%) involved to payment of insurance rate, 9 items(19.1%) involved to non-insured rate, remainder 25 items (53.2%) were not charged anywhere of total 47 nursing activities 4. When calculated cost by nursing activities was 100. current insurance rate was 62.3, non-insured rate was 176.6. Therefore this showed that most of non-insured rate were higher than calculated nursing cost. The insurance rate, however, were lower than it. Reim-bursement was imputed to non-insured patients. So the current rate system became estrainged from cost system. When Remainder 25 items of nursing activities compared' to \1390 of daily basic nursing fee per patient belonged to payment as a insurance fee schedule, basic nursing fee schedule was 1-2% of calculated cost of nursing activities. Therefore it showed that nursing fee was not counted adequately in it. 5. Nursing cost by K-DRG estimated in chart review based on counting number of nursing activities and length of stay The result showed that average amount of total nursing cost was \183828.1 Comparison of nursing cost calculated by K- DRG and basic nursing fee schedule showed that only 12.3% of nursing cost was charged (Conclusion) From the above research result, It is fact that nursing prime cost should be estimated more accurately and included adequately in current medical payment system. The payment system of nursing activities should be introduced not only nursing activities of drug administration and injection fee belonged to insurance fee schedule but also most nursing activities belonged not to mekical fee schedule. Even if introducing payment system of nursing activities, It should be estimated scientific method of Accounting nursing cost So nurses could offer nursing care of good quality, thereby they could make a great contribution not merely to the convalescence of the patient but to the promotion of the people's health.

• 환경영향평가
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.183-194
• /
• 2013

The Ministry of Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry, and Ministry of Construction, Transportation and Maritime Affairs are in charge of livestock manure management. There are national statistics regarding the livestock industry such as the National Pollution Source Survey, Livestock Statistic Survey, and Livestock-breeding Trend Survey. The current statistical data are focused on the scale of livestock breeding and the production of livestock manure using these data, but it is difficult to establish database due to lack of information. In order to plan relevant policies including management of livestock manure, the government established database systems such as the integrated information system of livestock manure, the integrated system of national infectious animal-disease prevention, and the Sae-ol public administrative system. We have tried to suggest improvements for the comprehensive environmental information system of livestock manure management by detecting problems in each level of the livestock manure life-cycle, making use of the existing systems, and considering the electronic transfer system of livestock manure. The services and functions of this comprehensive system include information of livestock farmers, the production, collection, transportation, and treatment of livestock manure, the area of agricultural land used for livestock manure, the report of approval and results on livestock manure products, management of statistical information, management of civil affairs, and relevant mobile application services. The system is made up of three processes: first, establishment of GIS-based management database of livestock manure; second, establishment of a history management system for livestock manure transactions; and third, development of a water quality assessment system.

• International Journal of Knowledge Content Development & Technology
• /
• 제1권2호
• /
• pp.29-42
• /
• 2011

The purpose of this study is to improve library promotional marketing for the disabled by identifying requirements of public library disability services. This study aimed to investigate librarian service providers' awareness of library programs for the disabled in order to prepare a systematic plan for promoting such library services. Research methods used are a literature analysis and survey. First, the ratio of respondents with experience promoting activities and services for the disabled was less than 50%. Second, regarding methods for promoting library disability services, the respondents used library homepages, press releases, library user guides, library newsletters, and library pamphlets in that order. Third, when asked what kind of PR media the library disability service providers had experience with and how often they use it, library boards and banners were the most common response. Fourth, suggested improvements to the current design and content of PR materials included: clearer word choice (or greater understandability), more detailed descriptions, simpler layouts, and more interesting or eye-catching content in that order. Fifth, the library disability services which are in the most need of public relations were guide information for library disability services, Library and Information Service (DOI services and search services), using alternative materials and the library collection, and aiding the information search. Overall, when evaluating the promotion of disability services in Korea, the library's public relations for disabled services needs to improve because currently neither librarians nor the disabled community they are targeting has frequent or quality experience with it. Thus, the policy department for the library disability services must develop a variety of promotional strategies adjusted for each type of the disability and distribute PR materials to service providers individually, making sure to utilize effective PR methods.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.43-56
• /
• 1996

The world dairy industry has been driving their dairy policy on the basis of the self-supportihg principle. With progressing the GATT negotiation, the objective production amount has been reduced to maintain the optimum level, which decreasing the extra supply and over-stock before the U.R talks. The Oceania countries, where has the price competition capability, are continually increasing the milk production amount. Even through the USA is trying to increase their production amount with new export policy, the U.S.S.R collapse-down caused to decrease the milk production in world-wide basis. Because the U.S.S.R produced the highest amount of milk in the world. Moreover Europe Union countries, which recorded the half amount of dairy products in the world was decreasing their milk production. Therefore, about 4% of shortage is encountering at major dairy production countries in the standpoint of supply and demand. The drastic increasement of foreign dairy product import affects the domestic dairy industry with raw milk replacement and new dairy food demands creation since 1995, the initial period of free import system. Now, the domestic dairy industry are facing the inevitable problems such as the correction of producting and processing system. First of all, our dairy industry should resettle down the dairy production structure on the basis of self-supply of raw milk and offer the accurate dairy food informations. We still need to improve the raw milk quality. Also, more efforts are needed to have proper raw milk price policy. General domestic policies including the settlement of raw milk supply and demand, the reliability of inspection system in raw milk, ideal raw milk price system, centralization of raw milk collection, specially separated dairy organization should be improved legally in our dairy industry.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
• /
• 제44권1호
• /
• pp.243-265
• /
• 2010

도서관이 다양한 유형의 이질적인 정보자원을 관리하고 서비스하기 위해서는 기존의 인쇄기반 또는 구독 정보자원 기반의 장서구축과는 다른 차원의 종합적인 전략이 구축되어야 할 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 특히 수집 또는 링크되는 정보자원의 질을 보장하고 이용자 요구에 적합한 정보자원을 선정하여 구축하기 위해서는 합리적인 평가 기준이 마련되어 있어야 한다. 연구도서관에서는 최근 오픈액세스 저널의 이용이 증가하는 경향을 보이고 있음에도 불구하고 저널에 따라 질적인 편차가 크고 이에 따라 적절한 정보원을 선택하는 것이 어렵다는 문제 때문에 정보자원으로서 이들의 신뢰성을 높이는 것이 관건이 되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 연구도서관에서는 오픈액세스 저널에 대한 평가를 통하여 양질의 집적된 정보자원을 구성하여 제공하여야 할 필요성이 매우 높다. 이 연구는 연구도서관에서 학술정보원으로서 일반적인 구독기반 저널과 오픈액세스 저널(OAJ)을 선정하고 평가할 수 있는 기준과 평가범주의 개발 현황을 조사하고, 그들을 도서관에 실제 적용하는데 있어서의 고려사항들을 분석하고자 하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.143-146
• /
• 2005

Many data mining techniques have been proved useful in revealing important patterns from large data sets. Especially, data mining techniques play an important role in a customer data analysis in a financial industry and an electronic commerce. Also, there are many data mining related research papers in a semiconductor industry and an automotive industry. In addition, data mining techniques are applied to the bioinformatics area. To satisfy customers' various requirements, each industry should develop new processes with more accurate production criteria. Also, they spend more money to guarantee their products' quality. In this manner, we apply data mining techniques to the production-related data such as a test data, a field claim data, and POP (point of production) data in the automotive parts industry. Data collection and transformation techniques should be applied to enhance the analysis results. Also, we classify various types of manufacturing processes and proposed an analysis scheme according to the type of manufacturing process. As a result, we could find inter- or intra-process relationships and critical features to monitor the current status of the each process. Finally, it helps an industry to raise their profit and reduce their failure cost.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.607-614
• /
• 2014

중소기업 간 지식 기술 융합의 필요성이 크게 인식되고 있는 요즘, 이를 실천하고 활성화 시킬 수 있는 구체적인 방안이 부재하고 고품질의 융합 실천 교육 콘텐츠 보강이 필요한 실정이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 중소기업 임직원의 융합과제 발굴역량 강화를 위한 사례중심 교육과정 및 콘텐츠 개발을 위해 3단계로 연구목표를 세분화하여 제시한다. 1차로 중소기업의 국내 외 융합 동향 및 현황파악 및 융합성공사례 분석을 위한 표준분석 방안을 마련하고, 2차로 중소기업 융합 성공사례 발굴 및 자료수집과 융합 성공 사례 분석을 통한 융합 모형을 개발하며, 3차로 중소기업 임직원 융합 역량 강화를 위한 교육과정 분석 및 교육 프로그램을 개발하고자 한다. 이를 통해 융합 교육을 통한 새로운 성장 동력을 발굴하고, 신제품 새로운 서비스 개발 및 신시장 창출, 중소기업 기술과 성장의 한계를 극복하고 재도약할 수 있는 계기를 마련하여 지식 기술 융합을 통한 글로벌 트랜드 부합 및 기업 경쟁력 강화를 이루고자 한다.