• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.56-63
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• 1988

Fermented barley food was produced by the mixed culture fermentation with a tai-cults re system of a mold, a yeast and a lactobacillus. When Rhizopus delemar IFO 4746, Hansenular anomala IFO 0568 and Lactobacillus sp. L-5 were selected and cultivated on steamed barley at 3$0^{\circ}C$ for 2days and 37$^{\circ}C$ for 3days, the fermented product of good quality was obtained. During fermentation. changes in acidity, pH, water content and color of fermented barley were examined.

• Journal of Contemporary Eastern Asia
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.13-26
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• 2022

This study explores the following research question to address issues linked to emotions, identity, and institutions: how has the cult (institution) of the three Kims affected North Koreans' strong sense of nationalism (emotion), which is based on their Juche ideology (identity)? This paper investigates four fundamental elements of historical institutionalism: time boundedness, path dependency, institutional changes, and the shadow of the past. First, time boundedness illustrates how culture and education have been used to build trust and loyalty in the general public to construct individual and family cults. Second, path dependence reveals how the Songbun system has resulted in strong nationalism throughout Rodongdang's institutionalization. Third, institutional changes highlight the significance of age divides, as different age groups do not always support the three Kims' cult. Finally, the shadow of the past helps us understand the primary processes for generating mass ardent nationalism in the form of powerful impulses for self-sacrifice.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.256-263
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• 2002

This study was carried out to estimate the degree of heterosis and heterobeltiosis, and the heritability and genetic correlation in F$_1$hybrid produced by reciprocal crosses between two six-rowed hulled barley (Gangbori and Olbori) and three six-rowed naked barley (Saechalssalbori, Saessalbori, and Moodeongssalbori). Heterosis was observed positively in traits such as cults length, spike length, awn length, leaf length, leaf width, number of spikes per plant, number of grains per spike, and 1000 grain weight. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis from the crosses with hulled barley as a material parent showed higher performance in culm length, leaf length, leaf width, number of spike per plant, number of grains per spike. The hulled grain characteristics is dominant over the naked one. The highest heritability was confirmed in leaf width with a value of 94.5% and overall high heritability was observed in most traits with the range from 76.7% to 94.5%. In an analysis of correlation coefficient, higher genetic correlations were observed between leaf length and number of spikes per plant(0.970), between cults length and number of grains per spike(0.963), and between awn length and leaf length(0.862) in the forward crosses in which hulled barley was maternal. In the reverse crosses, higher genetic correlation was observed between culm length and spike length(0.926), between awn length and leaf length(0.922), and between number of spikes per plant and number of grains per spike(0.713).

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.33
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• pp.179-218
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• 2019

This article examines some important issues in films about new religious movements (NRMs) that express and represent NRMs in sensationalistic ways and criticize them as immoral and antisocial cults. I presented a typology to analyze films about NRMs from the perspective of marginalized religions separated from established religions and also as alternative religions that replace the established religions. In recent times, films about NRMs have changed from being social criticisms that represents NRMs as perpetrators of brainwashing and the need for deprogramming to that of faithful participation and empathetic reflection. Films about NRMs that utilize empathetic reflection, including Wild Wild Country (2018), go beyond the normative, single-perspective formula to enable insiders to conduct self-reflection and outsiders to empathize through openness, varied perspectives with multi-faceted composition and polyphony. In contrast, films about NRMs that adopt the perspective of faithful participation, including The Road to Peace (1984), present a new visual way to unravel the voices of silenced subalterns with alternative religious visions and those who needed relief from the marginalization due to alienation or exclusion from established religions. In the Korean context, these visions are expressed as 'the great transformation into the creation of a paradise of the Later World (後天開闢)' or as 'the resolution of grievances for mutual beneficence (解冤相生).'

• Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-72
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• 2022

This text discusses elements and characteristics of contemporary informational reality, that is, the ways of producing, circulating, organizing, using, and appropriating information in the current context. Initially, seven terms and concepts used to describe this reality are discussed: fake news, false testimonials, hate speech, scientific negationism, disinformation, post-truth, and infodemic. Next, an attempt is made to present a framework for such phenomena as an object of study in information science. Therefore, this scenario is characterized based on the three main models of information science study: physical, cognitive, and social. The contribution of each of them to the study of contemporary informational reality is analyzed, identifying aspects such as the bubble effect, clickbaits, confirmation bias, cults of amateurism, and post-truth culture. Finally, it presents the discussion of a possible veritistic turn in the field, in order to think about elements not covered so far by information science in its task and challenge of producing adequate understanding and diagnoses of current phenomena. In conclusion, it is argued that only accurate and comprehensive diagnoses of such phenomena will allow information science to develop services and systems capable of combating their harmful effects.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.39
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• pp.197-215
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• 1998

Vivienne Westwood, the revolutionary cre-ator of Punk fashion(ripped T-shirts, bondage clothes, fetishist accoutrements) was a street fashion designer. Although Westwood's clothes have frequently been described as decadent, degenerate and unwearable, they have also exerted a powerful influence on interntional fashion. Westwood became a fashion designer in the mid-1970s, when he emergence of Punk put London back on the fashion map for the first time since 1965. Just as the Mods, Rockers, and Hippies of the 1960s had embraced par-ticular styles of dress and music, so also did the Punks create their own subculture. The Punk“style in revolt”was a deliberately“re-volting style”that incorporated into fashion various offensive or threatening objects like tampons, razor blades, and lavatory chains. Vivienne Westwood and parter Malcolm McLaren articulated this youth culture, who roots lay in music. A sign is something which stands for some object or idea, while the semiotics are the ex-ternal expression for an internal meaning. Semiotics can be used as a medium of communication between dress and music. A language is simply used for explicit of meaning, while the style of dress and music express the explicative and implicative signs. Peirce's scheme among several theories of the semiotics was chosen for this study, because the Peirce's scheme was the first non-language communication medium between external and internal stages, and readily inter-preted the styles of dress and music. Punk rock was studied at first to identify the style which influenced Vivienne Westwood's works and then Semiotics were used to apply the above results to the 1970s and 1990s for analyzing and interpreting the Vivienne Westwood's works were also interpreted by the symbolic characteristics of Semiotics, because the symbol of semiotics often found at Youth Cults reflected punk rock. The symbol of revolt, decadence, grungy, freedom in Vivienne Wes-twood's works wre determined by using Punk rock's semiotics. This study could conclude that the style of dress and punk rock were able to be interpreted by semiotics.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.98-119
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• 2021

This thesis aims to examine when the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju were carved and their nature. To achieve this, the relations between rituals and rock carving motifs are examined besides the nature of the archaeological monuments with carved petroglyphs. The investigation revealed that the figurative motifs on the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju, may have been carved during the Korean Bronze Age considering other examples of figurative petroglyphs from that period. It is reasonable to assume that the figurative animal motifs on the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju were used for rituals of fertility and rebirth as a subsistence ritual during the Korean Bronze Age. The Geomdan-ri Archaeological Culture Type is a strong candidate, having used both petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri and those of Bangudae, Ulju, since the Geomdan-ri Archaeological Culture Type has a higher proportion of hunting and fishing and lower proportion of rice cultivation in its subsistence than in the subsistence of the Songguk-ri Archaeological Culture Type. In contrast to the figurative motifs, the abstractive motifs, including the geometric designs on the petroglyphs of Cheonjeon-ri, Ulju, are generally accepted to have been carved during the Bronze Age. Although there have been some disputes over the symbolic meanings of concentric motifs, lozenge motifs, and other geometric motifs, they may be related to rituals for sun worship, ancestor worship, and fertility cults. Their meanings have been continuously reinterpreted.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 1988

Germination and seedling elongation of soybeans [Glycine max. (L.) Merr., cults. Bangsakong, Hill, Paldalkong, Danyupkong, Baegwun-kong. Kwangkyokong, Changyupkong and Hwangkeumkong] were measured at two temperatures (15 and 30$^{\circ}C$) and four polyethylene glycol 10,000 (PEG) solutions (0, 20, 30 and 35g/100g-H$_2$O). Adjustments of PEG solution were based on water potentials of 0.0, -0.5, -1.1 and -1.5 MPa at room temperature. Observations were made at 3, 6, 9 and 12 days for 15$^{\circ}C$ and 1, 2, 3 and 4 days for 30$^{\circ}C$. Fifteen seeds of each cultivar were placed on Whatman No. 1 (9cm) filter paper in plastic pertridishes, and adjusted to 15 ml of the proper PEG solution supplemented with 0.2 percent thiram using automatic syringe. The dishes were covered with cap. The seeds were germinated at a continuous temperature of 15 or 30$^{\circ}C$ under dark conditions for programmed period. Seedling moisture content and seedling length of eight soybean cultivars decreased as PEG concentration increased both at 15 and 30$^{\circ}C$. Cultivar differences in seedling moisture content and seedling length were found among eight soybean cultivars at temperatures of 15 and 30$^{\circ}C$. Larger sized cultivar absorbed more moisture than samller sized cultivar. However, reverse results were obtained on the seedling moisture content of each of eight soybean cultivars. Cultiver Hill and Paldalkong showed greater seedling length than the other six cultivars from 20 to 30g/100g water of PEG concentrations both at 15 and 30$^{\circ}C$. The results of this study indicated that germination test of soybean seeds in aqueous solutions of PEG has potential for screening soybean cultivars for improved emergence during moisture stress.