• 원예과학기술지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.510-522
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• 2017

To better understand the morphological variation for Perilla crop in different areas of China, we studied the morphological variation in 87 accessions (84 cultivated var. frutescens and three cultivated var. crispa) from high latitude (Northeast China) and middle latitude (North and Northwest China) areas of China by examining seven quantitative and 10 qualitative characters. Analysis of the morphological variation determined that there was significant morphological differences in five quantitative traits between cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa, including effective number of branches (QN2), number of internodes (QN3), number of branches (QN4), length of the largest inflorescence (QN5), and days from germination to flowering (QN7). However, two quantitative traits-plant height and number of florets of the largest inflorescence-did not show any significant differences between cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa. In addition, significant differences for six quantitative traits were found between the accessions of cultivated var. frutescens originating from high and middle latitude areas in China, which included QN2, QN3, QN5, number of florets of the largest inflorescence (QN6), and QN7. Principal components analysis (PCA) identified five quantitative characters [plant height (QN1), QN2, QN3, QN4, QN7] and six qualitative characters [fragrance of plant (QL1), color of reverse side of leaf (QL3), degree of pubescence (QL5), color of flower (QL6), shape of leaf (QL7), and hardness of seed (QL10)] that contributed to the positive direction on the first axis. The other quantitative and qualitative characters contributed to the negative direction on the first axis. Most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens and cultivated var. crispa were clearly separated by the first axis. In addition, most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens are from high latitude and middle latitude areas that were clearly separated by the first axis, except for several accessions. The findings from this study will provide useful information towards understanding the morphological variation of Perilla crop according to geographical distribution in high and middle latitude regions of China.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.283-289
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• 1998

To determine the differences among cultivated , non-cultivated and imported bupleurum falcatum, contents and compositions of fatty acids and saikosaponins which are known as a major biologically acitive compounds in Bupleurum falcatum were meausred with GC and HPLC. Color of grinded powder of Bupleuri radix determined by colorimeter showed that the imported one has the highest white and yellow coloer Among the Bupleuri radix cultivated in China, Hong-siho(red-Bupleurum) produced in Yungil Province contained the highest red color. Cultivated Korean Bupleurum radix contained higher saikosaponi a, c, and than the imported ones which were cultivated in Yungil, Ankuk , and Gillium Province in China. Levels of saikosaponin c are 3 times higher in cultivated Korean Bupleuria radix compared the with imported ones. Furthermore, Bupleurum falcatum cultivated in Korea contained higher amount of palmitic and linoleic acids than those of improted and non-cultivated ones. Particularly they contain two to six times higher linoleic acid.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 1996년도 더덕의 연구
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• pp.53-63
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• 1996

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.298-310
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• 2017

Morphological variation between cultivated and weedy types of Perilla frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa were studied in 327 germplasm by examining 17 morphological characters. The germplasm between the two varieties were varied for their qualitative and quantitative characters. The seed coat color of cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens is commonly light brown and brown while deep brown color was observed in the weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The leaf size, cluster length, plant height, flower number per cluster and seed weight in cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens were significantly (P<0.05) different from weedy type P. frutescens var. frutescens and P. frutescens var. crispa. The cultivated P. frutescens var. frutescens exhibited significantly higher plant height (158.6 cm) compared to the weedy P. frutescens var. crispa (133.8 cm). Likewise, seed weight was significantly higher in cultivated (1.9 g) than in the weedy type of P. frutescens var. frutescens (1.6 g) and P. frutescens var. crispa (1.4 g). Principal component analysis (PCA) result showed that the first and second principal component cumulatively explained 86.6% of the total variation. The cultivated type P. frutescens var. frutescens and its weedy accessions were not clearly separated with P. frutescens var. crispa by PCA. Hence it requires the use of molecular markers for better understanding of their genetic diversity.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.283-290
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• 1996

This experiment was carried out to determine the effects of soil condition that previous crop cultivated after [TO: Soil of corn cultivated, T1 : Soil of rye monoculture cultivated(l50kg/ha), T2 : Soil of mixedculture cultivated(Rye : Red clover = 120 : 3koa). T3 : Soil of mixed-culture cultivated(Rye : Red clover = 90 : 6kg/ ha), T4 : Soil of mixedculture cultivated(Rye : Red clover = 60 : 9kg/ha), T5 : Soil of mixedculture cultivated (Rye: Red clover = 30 : 12kg/ha), T6 : Soil of red clover monoculture cultivated(l5kgha)) on the growth characteristics and nutrient yield of silage corn. The results are summarized as follows. 1. The plant length of silage corn was high in order of T6>T5>T4 treatment. In the leaf length, T5 and T6 treatment showed short compared to the other treatments, but they were wider than the other treatments in leaf width. In the number of leaf, T6 treatment was the highest as 14 leaves per plant, while T1 treatment showed lower than the other treatments as 12.6 leaves per plant. 2. In the stem hardness, ear length, ear width and ear full degree, soil treatment of red clover mono-culture cultivation(T6) showed higher than the other treatment as 5.1 1kg/$cm^2$, 20.8~~1, 7.7cm and 97%. respectively (P<0.01, 0.05). Ihe leaf of summer depression did not many occurrence, but T6 treatment was lower than the other treatment as 0.8 leaf per plant. 3. ADF and NDF composition were not affected by soil condition. Crude protein composition of T6 treatment was the highest as 7.8%. while TI treatment was the lowest as 6.9%. Fresh weight yield(59,083kg/ha), dry matter yield(21,743kg/ha), crude protein yield(l,369kg/ha) and TDN yield(15,800kg/ha) at T6 treatment were much more increased by 41.9, 47.5, 57.4 and 49% than TI treatment(39,410, 14,259, 827 and 10,056kg/ha).

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.303-312
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• 2014

As for chemical characteristics of cultivated media waste, the total content of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium was 6.93%; organic matter content was 67.78%; pH and EC were 7.20 and 1.46 ds/m, respectively. Organic acids identified during stabilization included citric acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, and acetic acid, which was highest. During the stabilization of cultivated media waste, temperature decreased and pH increased on the 15th day, and the germination index was 88 after the period, indicating that at least 15 days of stabilization is needed when cultivated media waste is used for growth material of crop. As for germination characteristics, when the mixture rate of cultivated media waste was 20% and under, germination of cucumber and oriental melon was favorable without difference compared to the control plots. For lettuce and Chinese cabbage, no statistically significant difference was found when the rate was 10% and under compared to the control plots. As for seedling quality after 20 days of sowing, cucumber, oriental melon, and Chinese cabbage showed favorable growth only when the mixture rate of cultivated media waste was 10% and under; lettuce showed lower growth characteristics regardless of mixture rate when compared to the control plots. Cultivated media waste may be significantly useful for cucumber and oriental melon, but not for Chinese cabbage and lettuce.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.257-262
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• 2008

Genetic diversity of cultivated wheat is narrowing down and is increasingly becoming non-complacent in tackling new pathogenic races and adverse environmental situations. Wild relatives of wheat are rich repositories of beneficial genes that are capable of defying adverse situations. However, these wild species are not readily crossable with cultivated ones. The present study attempted to cross three wild wheat species as females with three cultivated species of varying ploidy to understand the intricate behaviour of hybrids in relation to cytology, morphology, and molecular recombination. Post-fertilization barriers caused hybrid recovery in wild species in contrast to cultivated species. Triticum monococcum did not produce hybrids in any of the crosses. Various degrees of chromosome anomalies and hybrid sterility were seen with hybrids of T. timopheevi and T. sphaerococcum. Cytoplasmic factors were suspected to add more to the abnormality. G genome from T. timopheevi could enhance more pairing between Band D of cultivated species. Precocity of certain chromosomes in laggard formation was evident, pointing towards evolutionary self balance of the genomes which prevented homeologous pairing. They are eliminated in hybrids. Molecular diversity clearly corroborated with genetic proximity of the species, which distinguished themselves by maintaining the genome homeology.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2001년도 추계정기 학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.43-48
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• 2001

남부지방에서 황금의 맥후작 직파 재배시 재식밀도가 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 적정 재식밀도를 확립하고자 시험한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 경장은 20$\times$10cm의 밀식 일수록 크고, 30$\times$10cm, 40$\times$10cm의 소식일수록 짧아서 재식주수와 경장은 정의상관이 인정되었다. 2. 경직 경은 30$\times$10cm, 40x loom의 소식일수록 크고 20$\times$10cm의 밀식일수록 작았다. 3, 수량구성요소인 주근장과 수량인 건근중은 30$\times$10cm, 40$\times$10cm의 재식주수가 적을수록 높아서 재식주수와는 부의 상관이 인정되었다. 4.이상과 같은 결과로 보아 경직경이 크고 주근장이 길어서 10a당 건근중이 많은 30$\times$10cm(33주/$m^2$)가 알맞은 재식거리였다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.77-80
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• 2002

남부지방에서 황금의 맥후작 직파 재배시 재식밀도가 생육과 수량에 미치는 영향을 구명하여 적정재식 밀도를 확립 하고자 시험 한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 경장은 20$\times$10cm의 밀식일수록 크고, 30$\times$10cm, 40$\times$l0cm의 소식일수록 짧아서 재식주수와 경장은 정의 상관이 인정 되었다. 2. 경직경은 30$\times$l0cm, 40$\times$l0cm의 소식일수록 크고 20$\times$10cm의 밀식일수록 작았다. 3. 수량구성 요소인 주근장과 수량인 건근중은 30$\times$l0cm, 40$\times$10cm의 재식주수가 적을수록 높아서 재식주수와는 부의 상관이 인정되었다. 4. 이상과 같은 결과로 보아 경직경이 크고 주근장이 길어서 10a당 건근중이 많은 30$\times$10cm(33주/$m^2$)가 알맞은 재식거리였다.

• 한국육종학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.361-370
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• 2008

In order to better understand the morphological differentiation of the two cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan, we studied the variation of 62 accessions by examining 15 morphological characteristics. By using ANOVA (one-way analysis of variance), we determined that var. frutescens and var. crispa showed significant morphological differences in terms of plant height and seed weight. Furthermore, cultivated var. frutescens and var. crispa could also be clearly discriminated from one another using PCA (principal component analysis). Specifically, quantitative and qualitative characteristics such as plant height, seed weight, degree of pubescence, shape of leaf, color of leaf, fragrance of plant, color of flower, color of stem and seed size greatly contributed to differences seen in the positive and negative direction on the first axis. In our study, most accessions of cultivated var. frutescens and those of its weedy type could be clearly discriminated from one another, however, most accessions of cultivated and weedy types of var. crispa were not clearly discriminated by the ANOVA and PCA analyses. These results indicated that cultivated var. frutescens can be considered to be a domesticated form, while the cultivated var. crispa can not be considered to be a domesticated form in Korea and Japan. It is our belief that our results concerning the morphological variations among cultivated types of Perilla crop and their weedy types in Korea and Japan will help ensure the long-term success of breeding programs and maximize the use of the germplasm resources in Korea.