• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.355-365
• /
• 2015

지난 수 십년간 전 지구적인 기후가 극적으로 변화함에 따라 가장 중요한 문제 중 하나로 인식되고 있는 식량 안보에 대하여 기후 변화의 영향을 평가하는 연구가 활발하게 진행되어 왔다. 본 연구에서는 메타분석을 이용하여 기후변화가 국내 농업에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 특히, 국내 농업에서 큰 비중을 차지하는 쌀에 대하여 이산화탄소 농도와 두 적응방안(파종시기 변경과 품종 변경)에 대한 효과를 추정하였다. 관심있는 효과에 대한 요약통계량을 이용하는 기존의 일반적인 메타분석 방법과는 달리, 다양한 온실가스 배출 시나리오와 대순환 모형을 사용하여 쌀 생산량을 예측한 6개의 개별 연구로부터 자료를 통합하여 메타분석을 수행하였다. 모델링 접근법으로써 쌀 생산량의 변화율을 종속변수로 설정하고, 이산화탄소 농도와 적응방안의 주 효과와 상호 작용 효과를 독립변수로 설정하여 회귀분석 실시하였다. 결과적으로 적응방안이 고려되지 않을 경우 이산화탄소 농도의 증가는 쌀 생산량을 감소시키나, 적응방안이 고려된다면 이산화탄소 농도의 증가는 쌀 생산량을 증가시키는 것으로 나타났다. 추가로 파종시기 변경 방안보다 품종 변경 방안이 쌀 생산량을 더 증가시키는 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 기후변화 대응책을 수립하는데 정량적 자료로 활용될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제23권2호
• /
• pp.126-132
• /
• 1978

To examine the effects of P.E. film and rice straw mulching on fall grown potato(Shimabara cultivar) in the middle region of Korea, sprouted seed tuber pieces were transplanted with six kinds of mulching treatments on 24th July and harvested on 25th October. P.E. film mulching from transplanting resulted the perfect rot of transplanted seed pieces due to the excessive high soil temperature (noon soil temperature of about 4$0^{\circ}C$ continued until the middle of August). P.E. film mulching from 15th September to harvest increased the marketable tuber yields by 35% due to the raising of soil temperature by 1-3$^{\circ}C$ and maintaining of available soil moisture in dry season. Rice straw (whole or cut in 10cm length) mulching lowered the soil temperature in hot season and raised it in cool season and maintained available soil moisture in dry season. Therefore better emergence, growth and yields were induced. Effects of whole straw, whole growing season and thicker mulching were greater than cut straw, half growing season and thinner mulching. 6cm mulching of whole or cut straw during whole growing season resulted the increasing of marketable tuber yields by 56 or 48%.

• Journal of Photoscience
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.329-331
• /
• 2002

There is a difference in the inhibitory effects to supplemental UVB (wavelengths 280 to 320 nm) among Japanese rice (Oryza sativa L.), the cultivar Norin I is less resistant while the cultivar Sasanishiki is resistant. UVB induces photodamage in DNA. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimer (CPD) is a major UV-induced DNA lesion. Photorepair, which is mediated by photolyase, is the major pathway in plants for repairing CPD. We have analyzed CPD induction and repair in Sasanishiki and its close relative Norin I using alkaline agarose gel electrophoresis. Norin I is deficient in CPD photoreactivation and excision, thus UV sensitivity correlates with deficient dimer repair [I]. The photorepair deficiency in Norin I results from a functionally altered photolyase with a photoflash analysis [2]. In this paper, we examined the UVB-sensitivity of several other UV-sensitive and -resistant cultivars and found that the CPD photolyase activity was deficient in UV-sensitive ones. It was also evident that there was a variation in the deduced amino acid sequences of CPD photolyases of the UV-sensitive and -resistant cultivars, whereas each deduced amino acid sequence of the UV-sensitive cultivars and of the UV-resistant ones was the same. These results suggest that the difference in the CPD photolyases of UV-sensitive and -resistant rice might be due to the structural alteration of CPD photolyase.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.22-27
• /
• 1992

본시험은 구약감자의 수량향상을 위해 시비적량과 재식거리에 따른 품종비교시험에 관해 국내수집종 3개와 외국수집종 2개를 공시하여 이들에 대한 생육과 수량등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 3요소 성분량은 적정시비량은 N-P$_2$ $O_{5}$-K$_2$O를 14-10-11kg/10a로 처리했을때 경장이 21.1cm 엽폭 15.1cm로 무처리에 비해 경장이 3.2cm 엽폭이 2.0cm 신장하였고 수량도 10a당 393kg으로 무비구에 비해 62% 증수되었다. 2. 자구크기별 적정재식거리는 출아기, 출아율에 차이가 없고 주당에서는 자구의 크기가 크고 재식거리 50$\times$25cm에서 경수, 자구수가 증가한 반면 수량은 50cm$\times$15cm 밀식구에서 증가하였다. 3. 수집종에 대한 파종후 출현시기는 대부분 60여일 소요되어 전체적인 생육기간이 크게 단축되었다. 4. 품종비교시험에서는 전수집종이 생육기간이 짧아 단위면적당 수량이 낮았으며 국내수집종중 제천수집종이 경수 3.1개와 자구착생수 3.6개로 가장 많아 번식용으로 적당하였고 수량은 일본 수집종에서 높은편이었다.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제44권3호
• /
• pp.296-301
• /
• 1999

The concerns on the crop damage by ultraviolet (UV) radiations is increasing owing to the decrease of their absorbing stratospheric ozone in the tropospheric. Cultivar differences on early growth of UV radiation among five Korean rice cultivars, four japonica types and one Tongil type (indica-japonica cross hybrid), were studied. Pot-seeded rice plants were grown under four different radiation conditions, i.e., visible radiation only, visible radiation with supplemented with high or low dose of UV-B (280~320 nm in wavelength) and UV-C (less than 280 nm in wavelength). The inhibitory degree on plant height, shoot and root weight and length of leaf blade and leaf sheath were determined at 40 days after seeding. UV-C showed the most severe inhibitory effect on the degree of biomass gain and leaf growth in most cultivars examined, followed by high UV-B and low UV-B. Among the cultivars used, the Kuemobyeo was the most sensitive cultivar and had not repair or showed resistance ability to continued irradiation of UV radiation. However, Janganbyeo and Jaekeon showed different responses that the elongation of leaf blades was promoted on 2nd and 3rd leaves and inhibited on 4th and 5th leaves but this inhibitory degree was reduced on 6 th and 7th leaves. Such tendency on leaf growth means that both cultivars had low sensitivity and most resistant ability to continued irradiation of UV radiation. While Tongil showed different response to enhanced UV radiation, ie., low UV-B promoted leaf growth but the inhibitory was severely increased by continued irradiation of high UV-B and UV-C, which means that Tongil had high threshold of UV radiation for response as an inhibitory light of plant growth. The results of this study indicate that the differences on sensitivity or resistant to the effects of UV radiation were existed among Korean rice cultivars.

• 한국환경농학회지
• /
• 제35권2호
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2016

BACKGROUND: There is lack of comprehensive compositional data of the amino acid profile of spinach with regard to different cultivars. A more detailed knowledge in this aspect will be of benefit in the future selection of spinach genotypes with improved nutritional quality.METHODS AND RESULTS: The effects of cultivar type (Jeoncheonhu, Sagyejul, Namdongcho and Mustang) and harvest time (79^th, 116^th and 145^th days after sowing or DAS) on the concentrations of free amino acids in field-grown spinach (Spinacia oleracea) were examined. About 35 different free amino acids were detected and quantified by the amino acid analyzer. Glutamic acid and proline were identified as the major amino acids, while α -aminoadipic acid and α-aminobutyric acid were present in much lower concentrations. Spinach constituted 1468.4 mg/100 g total free amino acids (TAA), of which essential amino acids, neutral/acidic amino acids and sulphur containing amino acids constituted around 15, 45 and 2% of the TAA, respectively. The most limiting amino acids among the leafy vegetables - cysteine was recorded only in Mustang harvested at 116 DAS. Free amino acid contents did not differ significantly among the spinach cultivars and also at different harvest times.CONCLUSION: The data show that, either of the spinach cultivars, preferably Mustang harvested on or after 116 DAS can serve as a significant source of nutritionally relevant amino acids to meet the demand of the growing populations.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2017년도 9th Asian Crop Science Association conference
• /
• pp.260-260
• /
• 2017

High temperature is one of major environmental stress. Heat in flowering season of wheat is able to effect negatively to fertilization and also heat effect to maturity. Therefore, Heat stress effects severely to qualities of wheat and yield productivity. In this study, we evaluated to agronomic characteristics and qualities by high temperature in 13 Korean wheat varieties. Weight of 1,000 grains decreased when wheat got the heat stress. In particular, heat stress during the heading dates were more damaged than after the end of heading dates except two varieties Keumkang and Jokyoung. Plant height of each cultivar under high temperature and normal field averaged 80.5 cm and 83.0cm, respectively. The length of spike and awn in each cultivar were similar to both condition. Flour yield and gluten contents of most heat damaged wheat decreased. Under the temperature, protein contents of six varieties like as Keumkang, Baekjoong, Hojoong, Yeonbaek, Joah and Shinmichal 1 decreased but the others increased. The sedimentation values (SDSF) of four varieties decreased under the high temperature. But SDSF of 7 varieties like as Baekjung, Suan, Hojoong, Jojoong, Uri, Shinmichal and Shinmichal 1 was increased. The lightness (L) of wheat flour derived from high temperature treated wheat was darker than non-treated wheat. As a result of this research, we confirmed that agricultural traits and qualities decreased in heat damaged wheat.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2000

In order to develop an appropriate cultural practice for a newly bred 2-rowed, waxy, naked barley cultivar 'Duwonchapssalbori' in the southern region, 2 varieties, 3 seeding dates, 4 seeding rates were designed with 2 replications. The heading and maturity dates of 'Duwonchapssalbori' were' earlier than 'Saessalbori by 2-5 and 4 days, respectively. Culm length of 'Duwonchapssalbori' was 60 to 66cm with lodging resistance. Grain yields of both varieties were 4.28-4.33 ton/ha in the plot of Oct. 20 seeding, 4.11-4.18 ton in the plot of Oct. 28 seeding, and 3.7-13.89 ton/ha in the Nov. 5 seeding. Grain yield with different seeding rates highly significantly fitted with secondary polynomial equations in the plots of Oct. 20 and Oct. 28 seedings ($R^2$=0.84-0.85), showing the greatest yield with seeding rate of 140kg per ha. However, the grain yield with various seeding rates in the plot of Nov. 5 seeding showed simple linear regression ($R^2$=0.71), showing the seeding rate over 160kg in the case of later seeding to be optimal. Number of spikes per $m^2$ significantly contributed to grain yield, and fitted to simple linear regression ($R^2$=0.881-0.891), suggesting that plenty of early stands should be established at early seedling stage for high grain yield. Young spikes of 'Duwonchapssalbori' in the plot of Oct. 20 seeding elongated with linear increments since Feb. 10 (6.7mm), and showed rapid increment since March 7 (15.1mm). However, elongation of young spikes of 'Saessalbori' began from March 15 with slow increments. From these studies, the optimum seeding date and seeding rate in 'Duwonchapssalbori' were Oct. 20-28 and 140kg per ha for high grain yield in the southern regions.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.75-81
• /
• 1979

우리나라 장여품종을 위함한 15개 대두품종들의 근류균에 대한 친화성과 접종효과를 밝히기 위하여 사경시험을 실시하였던 바 그 얻어진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 정석은 근류균접종 15일후에도 근류가 형성되지 않았으나 Lindarin #62는 주당 3.0개의 근류가 형성 되었으며 개화기의 근류형성수도 품종간에 크게 차이가 있어서 정석은 주당 37.8대로 가장 적었고 Haman은 주당 122.2개로 가장 많이 형성되었는데 품종간에 유의차가 인정되었다. 2. 개화기까지의 근류형성수에 대한 시기별 근류형성비율은 품종간에 크게 차이가 있었는데 공시품종평균에 있어서는 접종 15일후에 2,1％, 접종30일후에는 60.8％, 그리고 접종 45일후에는 79.8％가 형성되었다. 3. 근류병접종효과는 현저하여 초장, 경태, 근장, 건물중 및 엽록소함량이 무접종구에 비하여 접종구가 크게 증가하여 전체처리 및 품종간, 그리고 접종처리간에 고도로 유의하였는데 다만 엽록소함량과 건물중의 증가추세와는 반드시 일치되지 않았다. 4. 공시품종평균에 있어서 접종구에 대한 무접종구의 몇가지 현질의 형성비율은 초장 94.0％, 건물중 81.6％, 그리고 엽록소의 함량은 66.8％였다.

• 생물환경조절학회지
• /
• 제15권2호
• /
• pp.190-195
• /
• 2006

허브 식물을 조경소재로 이용할 수 있도록 삽목방법, 토심 및 품종에 따라 뗏장형성에 미치는 영향을 알아 보고자 1cm, 3cm, 5cm의 토심별로 천삽, 와삽, 절와삽을 한 다음 애플민트, 페퍼민트, 스피어민트 등 세품종을 재료로초장과 마디수, 생체중, 뗏장의 품질을 조사한 결과 세 품종 중 애플민트는 신초의 수는 적으나 엽장, 엽폭이 크기 때문에 피복률이 좋고 생장속도도 빨라서 빠른 시기에 뗏장(sod)형성이 가능하였다. 스피어민트는 초장이 작고 발육속도가 느리기 때문에 뗏장의 이동성, 저장성면에서 양호하였다. 삽목 방법은 천삽에서 생육이 가장 좋았으나 뗏장 품질은 가장 낮았으며 절와삽은 초장이 작고 신초수가 많아 고품질의 뗏장을 생산할 수 있었다. 토심별로 본 생육의 차이는 5cm의 상토에서 재배한 것이 가장 높게 나타났고 뗏장의 품질과 이동성은 1cm의 상토에서 밀착되어 있어 근권부의 뗏장형성이 좋은 것으로 나타났다.