• Applied Microscopy
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.183-188
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• 2015

Due to the miniaturization of semiconductor devices, their crystal structure on the nanoscale must be analyzed. However, scanning electron microscope-electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has a limitation of resolution in nanoscale and high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) can be used to analyze restrictive local structural information. In this study, three-dimensional (3D) automated crystal orientation and phase mapping using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (3D TEM-EBSD) was used to identify the crystal structure relationship between an epitaxially grown CdS interfacial layer and a $Cu(In_xGa_{x-1})Se_2$ (CIGS) solar cell layer. The 3D TEM-EBSD technique clearly defined the crystal orientation and phase of the epitaxially grown layers, making it useful for establishing the growth mechanism of functional nano-materials.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

The microstructures of top seed mult processde $\textrm{YBa}_2\textrm{Cu}_3\textrm{O}_7$.$\delta$ single crystal were studied. Although shape of the seed was not faceted. the growth shape of Y123 single crystal was faceted. It was observed that Y211 phases were trapped in specific spaces of the faceted region. From the microstructural investigation. it was suggested that the segregation of Y211 is due to the difference of growth rates in crystal direction. When a single crystal was grown by the single seed with stepped multi surfaces. a microstrue was grown from multi-seed. The microstructure show the possibility of multi-seed growth. Corn kernel like structure without Y211 phase was observed and seemed to be formed by the diffusion reaction between Y211 phase in crystal and liquid wetted on the crystal. the diagonal line on Y123 crystal was observed that it was formed by the corn kernel like structure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Association of Crystal Growth Conference
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• 1997.06a
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• pp.281-287
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• 1997

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.10
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• pp.1631-1634
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• 2005

• Journal of the Korean Graphic Arts Communication Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.43-60
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• 1998

The photosensitive properties and spectroscopic characteristics in the organic photoconductor(OPC) with carrier generation layer(CGL) of poly(vinylbutyral)(PVB) and polycarbonate(PC) doped with titanyl phthalocyanine(TiOPc) were investigated. The change of crystal structure of TiOPc dispersed with PVB and PC was shown by UV-visible reflective spectrum and FT-IR spectrum and mainly caused by the difference of solubility of solvent and the interaction between TiOPc and binder. The particle size of TiOPc dispersed with PVB measured by SEM was smaller than in PC. The crystal structure of TiOPc dispersed with PVB was amorphous type and in PC was $\alpha$type. It was found that the photosensitive properties of OPC were dependent on the change of absorbance and ionization potential of TiOPc occurred from the difference of crystal structure. In this work, the photosensitivity of OPC of TiOPc dispersed with PVB was better than PC due to the crystal type and the smaller particle size.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1996.05a
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• pp.256-259
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• 1996

In this paper, We studied polyethylene thin film to evaluate the effects of crystal structure on breakdown properties and the dielectric strength on the condition of impurity free. Bielectric strength of the finn obtained with self healing method that is able to test repeatedly on the same sample is about 3.58 MV/cm at 0.73 $\mu\textrm{m}$. The film shows outstanding crystal domain an\ulcorner crystal structure. The size of spherulites obtained reach 150-200 $\mu\textrm{m}$ in diameter.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.166-173
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• 1990

The structure of the anti-inflammatory agent, naproxen sodium was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal of the compound, which was recrystallized from methanol solution, is nomoclinic, space group $P2_1$ with a = 21. 177(6), b = 5.785(2), c = 5.443(2) $\AA, \beta$ = 91.41(3)$\{\circ}$ and Z = 2. The calculated density is 1.346; the observed value is nements based on 1093 reflections ($F\geq3\sigma$(F)) gave the final R value of 0.043. There are of one water per one compound molecule in the crystal. The carboxyl group of the molecule is nearly perpendicular to the naphthalene ring. The molecules are arranged along with the screw axis, and stabilized by five 0...Na type interactions. The molecule retains nearly same dimensions and similar conformation compared to its parent compound, naproxen, except for the torsion angles around C(5)-C(11) bond.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.123-126
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• 1970

The approximate crystal structure of benzidine monoperchlorate has been determined by single crystal X-Ray diffraction technique and patterson method. As the molecule has a center of symmetry in it and location of perchlorate ion is symmetrically on the mirror plane in the unit cell, perchlorate ion is forming hydrogen bond with two -$NH_2$ groups in the different molecule. Thus, one molecule of benzidine and perchloric acid combines 1:1 by mole ratio.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.846-848
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• 2009

Two modifications of the ${\alpha}\;and\;{\beta}$ forms of propyl mercaptan nickel(II) cluster, [$Ni_6(SCH_2CH_2CH_3)_{12}$], have been synthesized and their crystal structures have been determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The alkyl groups are away from $Ni_6$ ring in $\alpha$ form whereas they are near to the Ni atom in $\beta$ form. The distance of Ni-H in $\beta$ form [2.576(5) $\AA$] is much shorter than that in $\alpha$ form [3.101(2) $\AA$]. In the crystal lattice of $\beta$ form, the whole structure forms a flower shape.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.160-162
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• 1996

The structural analysis of tolfenamic acid, 2-[(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-amino]benzoic acid, was performed by single crystal X-ray diffraction technique. The compound was recrystallized from a mixture of ether and toluene in triclinic, space group $P2_1/c, \;with\; \partial=3.914(1), \; b=22.\; 020(2), \; c=14.271(1)\;{\AA}, \beta.=94.68(1)^{\circ}, $ and Z=4. The calculated density is $1.418 g/cm^3$. The structure was solved by the direct method and refined by full matrix least-squares procedure to the final R value of 0.039 for 1773 independent reflections. In the molecule, carboxyl group at the anthranilic acid is coplanar to the phenyl ring. The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings of the molecule is $44.2^{\circ}$ The molecules are dirnerized through the intermolecular hydrogen bonds at the carboxyl group in the crystal.