• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.74-81
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• 1993

저온성 세균 Acinetobacter calcoaceticus A1-1의 유류분해 특성을 연구하기 위해 환경적 요인에 대한 영향을 살펴보았다. 이 세균의 성장율과 유화활성도에 대한 적정 환경조건은 온도 $15^{\circ}C$, pH 7.5, 염분도 0-3, 원유농도 0.1로 나타났고 질소원과 인원의 적정농도는$(NH_4)_2S0_4$과 $K_2HP0_4$, 형태로 각각 0.76 mM, 0.057mM이다. 온도에 따른 A.calcoaceticus A1-1의 유류분해 양상을 개스크로마토그라피로 분석한 결과 $10^{\circ}C$, $15^{\circ}C$에서 대부분의 탄화수소 피크가 감소되어 상당 정도의 유류분해를 관찰 할 수 있었다. 반면 $25^{\circ}C$의 경우에는 120시간 배양한 후에도 원유에 포함된 포화탄화수소 화합물들이 부분적으로만 분해되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제14권10호
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• pp.6035-6040
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• 2013

Background: Cancer is a complex disease caused by multiple factors, both genetic and environmental. It is a major health concern worldwide, in the Middle East and in Jordan specifically and the fourth most common killer in the Middle East. Hypothesis: The relative genetic homogeneity of the Circassian and Chechan populations in Jordan results in incidences of cancer that differ from the general Jordanian population, who are mostly Arabs. Materials and Methods: National Cancer Registry data were obtained for the years 1996-2005 The Chechen and Circassian cancer cases were identified and cancer registry data were divided into three populations. Crude rates were calculated based on the number of cancer cases and estimated populations. Results: Breast cancer is the most common cancer type constituting about one third of female cancers in all three populations. Higher crude rates are observed in the Circassian and Chechen populations than in the Arab Jordanian population. The rate ratios (95%CI) in Circassians and Chechens with respect to the Arab Jordanian population are 2.1 (1.48, 2.72) and 1.81 (1.16, 2.85), respectively. Lung cancer is the most common cancer in male Arab Jordanians and Chechens with crude rates of 4.2 and 8.0 per 100,000 respectively. The male to female ratio in these two populations in respective order are 5:1 and 7:1. The lung cancer crude rate in Circassians is 6.5 per 100,000 with a male to female ratio of only 1.6:1. The colorectal cancer crude rates in Arab Jordanians and Chechens are similar at 6.2 and 6.0 per 100,000, respectively, while that in Circassians is twice as high. Conclusions: Considerable ethnic variation exists for cancer incidence rates in Jordan. The included inbred and selected populations offer an ideal situation for investigating genetic factors involved in various cancer types.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.191-193
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• 2014

The aim of this study was to examine the trend of ovary cancer incidence from 1999 to 2010 in China and predict the burden up to 2020. Crude incidence, age specific incidence and age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated. Joinpoint regression was performed to obtain estimated annual percentages and Bayesian age-period-cohort modeling was used to predict the incidence rate until the year 2020. In China, the crude rate of ovary cancer was 7.91/100,000 and the age-adjusted rate was 5.35/100,000 overall during period 1999-2010. The rates in urban regions were higher than in rural regions. A significant rising trend during 1999-2006 was followed by a drop during 2006-2010 in age-adjusted rates for urban females. In contrast, constant rise was observed in rural women. The decrease in ovary cancer of urban areas tended to be restricted to women aged 50 years and younger. In contrast, increases of ovary cancer in rural areas appeared in virtually all age groups. Although the age-adjusted incidence rate for ovary cancer was predicted to be reduced after year 2011, the crude rate was likely to be relative stable up to 2020. The burden of ovary cancer in China will continue to be relative stable due to the aging population.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권2호
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• pp.98-108
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• 2019

Four Korean native steers ($511{\pm}17.2kg$; $2{\times}2$ replicated crossover design) fitted with duodenal cannulas were used to investigate the influence of oral administration of soluble whey protein (WP; 82.29% crude protein) on ruminal fermentation, gastrointestinal (GI) hormone secretion in the blood, pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase activity in the duodenum, and disappearance rate in each segment of the GI tract. Steers were orally fed the basal diet (control; TMR [total mixed ration] 9 kg/d) or the basal diet with enriched WP (400 g/d) for 14 days. The apparent crude protein disappearance rate in the rumen of the WP was higher than in control (p < 0.05). However, no difference between groups was observed in the apparent crude protein disappearance rate in the intestine and the apparent starch disappearance rates in the rumen, GI tract. The level of cholecystokinin, secretin, and ghrelin in serum and pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase activity in the duodenum of the WP also did not change. The changes in the level of blood urea nitrogen related to protein metabolism were higher in the WP than in the control (p < 0.05). However, the levels of total protein, lipid, carbohydrate and mineral metabolites did not change. Consequently, we suggest that the oral administration of WP in steers assisted in ruminal fermentation due to the population increase of microbes in the rumen but did not improve the starch digestion rate in the small intestine because GI hormone secretion in the blood and pancreatic ${\alpha}$-amylase activity did not change.

• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.119-125
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• 2009

원유의 WSF가 넙치의 수정란 및 자어발생에 미치는 독성영향을 알아보기 위하여 유류의 농도에 따른 부화소요시간, 부화율, 생존율, 호흡, 심장박동수의 변화 및 기형율 등을 조사하였다. 부화소요시간은 대조구와 실험농도구간에 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p>0.05). 부화율은 대조구와 1.9 ${\mu}g/mL$ WSF에서 80% 이상이었으나, 3.9 ${\mu}g/mL$ WSF 이상에서는 55.7% 이하로 나타나 유의한 차이를 보였다(p<0.05). 한편 부화 후 3일 동안의 생존율은 농도의존적 감소현상을 나타내었다. 산소소비율은 대조구에 비해 낮게 나타났으며, 심장박동수는 대조구의 경우 부화 전에 비해 부화한 후 다소 증가하였으나, WSF 노출구에서는 감소하는 현상을 나타내었다. 기형율은 WSF 농도증가에 따라 증가하였으며, 주로 척추만곡과 척추형성부전의 현상을 보였다

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.147-154
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• 1996

Rye(Secale cereale L.) shows lower dry matter yield and nutrient content when it was harvested before wintering. This study was conducted to investigate how effect forage rape(Brassicu napus Subsp oleifera), which carries early maturity and can be harvested before wintering, on the increase of the forage yield and nutrient content when rye was sown mixed with the rape. Optimum sowing rate of the rye/rape mixture was also pursued in this study. The five treatment of rye single, rape single, ryel20+rape 1Okg/ha, rye84+rape 7kg/ha and rye60+rape 5kg/ha were sown on 2 September 1989. Rape single plot was cut one time(l9 November 1989) and the other plots were cuted two times(19 November 1989 and 20 May 1990). In botanical composition of the mixtures, rape recorded dominant ratio with 64~69% at the autumn cut. The rye84+rape 7kg/ha mixture plot marked the highest dry matter yield with 4.46t/ha among all the experimental plot at the autumn cut(P<0.05). In year total yield of dry matter(t/ha), rye single, rape single, rye120+rape IOkg/ha, rye84+rape 7kg/ha and rye60+rape 5kg/ha marked 13.6, 4.1, 12.7, 12.9 and 11.8, respectively. In crude protein content, the rye single plot was 17.2% at the autumn cut on the other hand the mixture plots showed increasing tendency with 18.0~19.9%. In crude fiber content, the mixture plots were remarkably lower than rye single plot. In year total yield of crude protein, rye84+rape 7kg/ha mixture plot showed the highest yield with 1.6lt/ha among all the experimental plots. Ratio of crude protein yield to crude fiber yield, rye84+rape 7kg/ha tended to be higher than the other mixture plots. It is confirmed that the rye/rape mixture can produce more forage than the rye single cropping when they are harvested in late autumn, besides the mixture forage contains higher crude protein than that rye single forage. It can be said that the rydrape mixture is more useful than the rye single cropping, and optimum sowing rate of the mixture is 84kg/ha of rye+7kg/ha of rape.

• 환경생물
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.651-659
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• 2022

본 연구는 연어(Oncorhynchus keta) 치어의 성장, 생존 및 혈액 성상에 미치는 사육수온(8, 11, 14 및 17℃)의 영향을 연구하기 위해 수행되었다. 실험 종료 시 연어의 체중(body weight, BW)은 14℃ 실험구에서 가장 높았을 뿐 아니라, 특이성장률(specific growth rate, SGR), 사료전환 효율(feed conversion ratio, FCR), 사료효율(feed efficiency, FE), 증중률(weight gain, WG) 및 비만도(condition factor, CF)와 같은 성장지표에서도 14℃ 실험구가 가장 높은 경향을 나타내었다. 생존율(survival rate)은 8℃와 11℃ 실험구에서 100%를 보였고, 14℃ 실험구에서는 96% 및 17℃ 실험구에서는 98%를 각각 나타내었다. 혈장 성분 중 알라닌 아미노전이효소(alanine aminotransferase, ALT)는 17℃ 실험구에서 유의한 감소를 보였으나, 알부민(albumin), 총단백질(total protein, TP), 나트륨(sodium, Na⁺), 칼륨(potassium, K⁺) 및 염소(chloride, Cl^-)는 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다. 실험 종료 시 연어의 체성분 조사를 실시한 결과, 수분(moisture), 단백질(crude protein) 및 회분량(crude ash)은 수온에 따른 유의한 변화는 보이지 않았으나, 지질(crude lipid)은 다른 실험구에 비해 8℃ 실험구에서 유의하게 높은 경향을 보였다. 결론적으로 연어 치어가 성장하는데 필요한 최적의 사육 수온은 14℃로 보이나, 혈액 성상 등 생리적인 영향은 향후 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.225-232
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• 2001

본 시험은 제주피의 적정 파종량을 구명하기 위하여 2000년 4월 16일에 ha당 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40kg에 해당하는 량을 조파하여 2000년 6월 28일(1차 예취)과 8월 30일(2차 예취)에 생육특성, 사초수량, 사료성분 등을 조사하였다. 초장은 15kg/ha 파종구에서 155.5cm였던 것이 파종량이 35kg/ha으로 증가함에 따라 162cm로 커졌으나, 그 이상 파종량을 증가할수록 작아져서 40kg/ha 파종구에서는 152.7cm였다. 경직경. 엽수, 마디수 및 개체당 무게는 파종량이 많을수록 감소하였다. 파종량이 15kg/ha에서 35kg/ha로 증가됨에 따라 생초수량은 61.0MT/ha에서 73.0MT/ha로, 건물 수량은 11.9MT/ha에서 16.9MT/ha로, 단백질 수량은 0.9MT/ha에서 1.6MT/ha로, TDN수량은 6.1MT/ha에서 9.7MT/ha로 증가되었다가 그 이상으로 파종량을 증가시킬수록 감소되었다. 파종량이 15kg/ha에서 40kg/ha으로 증가함에 따라 조단백질 함량은 7.4%에서 10.4%로 조지방 함량은 3.3%에서 5.2%로, 가용무질소물 함량은 46.4%에서 47.8%로 TDN함량은 52.1%에서 60.4%로 증가되었으나, 조섬유함량은 30.3%에서 27.6%로 조회분 함량은 12.7%에서 9.0%로 감소되었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 사초수량을 최고로 올릴 수 있는 파종량은 35kg/ha로 추정할 수 있었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.364-368
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• 2007

본 연구는 조성이 상이한 가축분퇴비의 토양 중 분해특성을 알고자, 부재료를 혼합하지 않은 가축분퇴비 3종(계분, 돈분 및 우분퇴비)과 톱밥을 혼용하여 부숙시킨 가축분 퇴비 3종(계분톱밥, 돈분톱밥 및 우분톱밥퇴비)을 각각 토양과 혼합하여 유리섬유 여지에 싸서 40개월 동안 토양 중에 매설하여 경시적으로 탄소 감소율과 조섬유 함량변화를 분석하였다. 그 결과 모든 처리구에서 hemicellulose 함량은 처리 후 8개월 이내에 대부분 분해가 이루어 졌으며, 난분해성 물질인 lignin는 함량은 상당량이 처리 36개월 후 까지 토양 중에 잔존하였다. 한편, 매몰 40개월 후 처리별 가축분퇴비 분해율은 계분퇴비 81%, 돈분 80%, 우분 72%, 톱밥 혼용퇴비인 계분톱밥 69%, 돈분톱밥 67% 및 우분톱밥 64%를 각각 나타냈다. 경시적으로 분석한 탄소 감소율을 근거로 추정 회귀식 $D=aT^b$에 적용한 결과 실측치와 적합도가 매우 양호하였다. 가축분퇴비의 조섬유 성분과 a, b 값의 상관을 분석한 결과 hemicellulose 함량은 a와 b값과는 상관이 인정되지 않았다. 반면, cellulose 와 lignin 함량은 상수 a 값과는 고도의 부(-)의 상관을, 상수 b값과는 고도의 정(+)의 상관을 나타내었다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.1265-1272
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• 2011

In this study, the extraction characteristics of soluble solid from Rumex crispus(Curled dock) was studied from the investigation of the effects of experimental conditions on extraction rate; extraction ratio, composition of extractants, extraction time and pH of extractant, etc. The proximate composition of Rumex crispus was 2.58% crude lipid, 5.59% crude protein, 7.39% crude ash, 6.13% moisture and 78.31% carbohydrate, respectively. Turbidity of extract by distilled water was higher and increased with extraction time and extraction temperature, where as the turbidity didn't increase by ethanol and methanol in 20 folds of extraction ratio. Turbidity was inversely proportional to the extraction ratio for the three extractants at 25$^{\circ}C$ and 1 hour extraction. But turbidity of extract was highest by composition of 50% methanol-water extractant than any other compositions of extractants. Eighteen and fifteen free aminoacids were detected in extracts with distilled water, methanol and ethanol extractant, respectively, and it's contents were order of glutamic acid>proline>aminobutyric acid>alanine. The extraction rate of soluble solid from Rumex crispus was order of distilled water>methanol>ethanol within experimental extraction ratio. In extraction with distilled water, the contents of soluble solid was inversely proportional to the pH of extractant.