• 제목/요약/키워드: Cruciferous vegetable

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갓김치 숙성 중의 무기질, 색소, 조직, 관능 및 미생물군의 변화 (Changes in Mineral, Pigment, Texture, Sensory Score and Microflora during Fermentation of Gat(Leaf Mustard)-Kimchi)

  • 박석규;전순실
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
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    • 제2권1호
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    • pp.131-138
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    • 1995
  • In order to obtain basic data for the development of Gat-Kimchi, a salted and fermented lear mustard, changes in mineral, pigment, texture, sensory score and microflora during fermentation at 5$\pm$2$^{\circ}C$ were investigated. Changes in mineral, including iron, calcium and potassium were obviously shown and their contents were markedly decreased after 14 days of fermentation. Contents of total chlorophyll and carotenoid were slowly decreased after 6 and 10 days of fermentation, respectively and ratios of chlorophyll a/b were not changed and similar to those of other cruciferous vegetable Kimchi during fermentation. Shear force of Gat-Kimchi in rheometer during fermentation was increased. The sourness and hardness(p<0.05) of Gat-Kimchi after 24 days of fermentation were significant different in sensory evaluation with no significant difference in off-flavor, color and hotness. Compared with other Kimchi, taste of Gat-Kimchi was desirably kept for 54 days of fermentation. Total viable count and lactic acid bcateria(Genus Lactobacillus) observed to be Increased in the range of 18 to 24 days and yeasts to be gradually increased during overall period of fermentation.

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봉래산(부산)의 식물상 (The Flora of Mt. Bongrae)

  • 조정환;이정훈;문성기;성정숙
    • 한국환경과학회지
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    • 제16권9호
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    • pp.1027-1037
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the flora of Mt. Bongrae in Busan from February 2004 to May 2005. The flora in the surveyed area were identified 291 taxa that belonged to 82 families, 201 genera, 251 species, 35 varieties, and 5 forms. Among them, evergreen broad trees were identified 21 taxa, naturalized plants 30 taxa, especial plants decided by Ministry of Environment 24 taxa. By the vegetation of each slope, in northeast slope, it was dominated such as Pinus thunbergii community, Chamaecyparis obtusa community, Amorhpa fruticosa community, Trachelospermum asiaticum var. intermedium-Hedera rhombea community, north-northeast slope, it was distributed both Pinus thunbergii community and board-leaved tree community. In the southwest slope of coast site, it was presented plantation plants, according to altitude distributed such as natural vegetation, evergreen broad trees, warm-temperate plants. In southeast slope, it was to represent secondary vegetation such as Alnus firma community as a forest fire. Underside was mainly to search herbs such as naturalized plants and cruciferous family as a vegetable garden. In northwest slope, it was searched trees such as Pinus thunbergii community, Lindera obtusiloba, Styrax japonca, Prunus sargentii, Aralia elata, Zanthoxylum piperitum, Akebia quinata and herb layer such as Osmunda japonica, Allium thunbergii, Liriope platyphylla, Corydalis ochotensis, Scilla scilloides, Viola orientalis. Around the top, it was distributed such as Rhododendron mucronulatum-Rhododendron schlippenbachii community, Carpinus coreana, Viburnum erosum, Sorbus alnifolia.

S-haplotypes and Genetic Diversity in 'Danji' Radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. hortensis)

  • Ahn, Yulkyun;Kim, Hyukjun;Han, Dongyeop;Park, Younghoon
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제32권2호
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    • pp.210-216
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    • 2014
  • The distribution of S-haplotypes and genetic relationships were evaluated for 47 accessions of 'Danji' radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. hortensis Baker f. gigantissimus Makino) originating from Jeju Island in South Korea. A total of 22 S-haplotype-specific SCAR markers for the S locus glycoprotein (SLG) and S receptor kinase (SRK) loci were tested, and six primer sets amplified locus-specific PCR fragments from at least one 'Danji' radish accession. S5 and S21 alleles atthe SLG locus were the most frequently distributed, and detected from 87.5% and 64.6% of the accessions, respectively. The frequency of the class-II haplotype at the SLG locus was 75%, more frequent than the class-I haplotype. The S23 allele at the SRK locus was detected from 7 accessions. Grouping of the accessions based on S-allele composition revealed three major groups, while 8 accessions showed a unique allelic composition. The genetic diversity of 47 'Danji' radishes and 1 'Gwandong' radish were also evaluated with 38 RAPD primers. A total of 312 bands were scored, and showed that 138 bands (44.2%) were monomorphic among the accessions, whereas 174 (55.8%) bands were polymorphic. Polymorphism rates ranged from 0.2 to 1.0, indicating significant variations in detecting polymorphism across RAPD primers. The genetic similarity coefficients among all pairs of the 48accessions varied from 0.62 to 0.93, and 42% of the comparisons exhibited values higher than 0.85. All the cultivars could be distinguished based on the DNA fingerprints revealed by RAPD. The comparisons between the dendrograms based on S-haplotypes and RAPDs indicate an unrelated and sporadic distribution for several accessions; however, there was a tendency for accessions with the same S-allelic composition to group into the same cluster.

Chinese Cabbage 잎과 뿌리가 메탄올층의 Bromobenzene 간손상에 대한 보호효과 (Hepatoprotective Effect of the Methanol Fraction of Chinese Cabbage on Liver Injury in Rats Treated by bromobenzene)

  • 이효정;김관현;이은옥;최종원;강경선;윤병수;김성훈
    • 동의생리병리학회지
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.1177-1181
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    • 2003
  • Chinese cabbage is a vegetable of Cruciferous family. It was usually consumed as Kimchi. It was known to have amount of vitamin c. Recently the trend for the development of functional food combined with oriental herbs. For this aim the study was performed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect via antioxidant activity of leaf and root of Sanchon Chinese cabbage(Brassica campetris L.) comparatively. The methanol extracts of Chinese cabbage were tested for investigating the effects on the formation of lipid peroxide and the activities of free radical generating enzyme in vitro in bromobenzene-treated rats. The methanol extracts of chinese cabbage reduced bromobenzene-induced hepatic lipid peroxidation and inhibited the activity of xanthine oxidase. The methanol extracts of chinese cabbage did not activate amionopyrine N-demethylase, aniline hydroxylase and glutathione S-transferase. Epoxide hydrolase activity was decreased by bromobenzene, which was restored by pretreatment of the methanol extracts of chinese cabbage. The results suggest that the methanol extracts of Chinese cabbage is reduced by enhancing the activity of epoxide hydrolase.

The antihypertensive effect of ethyl acetate extract of radish leaves in spontaneously hypertensive rats

  • Chung, Da-Hee;Kim, Sun-Hee;Myung, Na-Hye;Cho, Kang-Jin;Chang, Moon-Jeong
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
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    • 제6권4호
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    • pp.308-314
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    • 2012
  • Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) is a cruciferous vegetable, and its leaves have antioxidant and anticancer properties. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ethyl acetate extracts from radish leaves on hypertension in 11-week-old spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). The SHRs were randomly divided into 3 groups of 6 rats each on the basis of initial systolic blood pressure (SBP) and were treated with oral administration of radish leaf extract (0, 30, or 90 mg/kg body weight [bw], respectively) for 5 weeks. Six Wistar rats were used as normotensive controls. The amount of the radish leaf extract had no effect on body weight. The SBP of the SHRs showed a decreasing trend with the consumption of the radish leaf extract. In the third week, the SBP of the group fed 90 mg extract/kg bw reduced from 214 mmHg to 166 mmHg and was significantly lower than that of the normotensive and hypertensive controls. The extract did not show a significant effect on the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in the serum, kidney, and lung. The extract increased the concentration of NO in serum and the activities of antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase and catalase in red blood cells (RBCs). The serum concentrations of $Na^+$ and $K^+$ were not significantly different between all groups. However, the fecal concentrations of $Na^+$ and $K^+$ increased; the fecal concentrations of $Na^+$ and$K^+$for the normotensive and hypertensive controls were not different. Urinary excretion of $Na^+$ was higher in the normotensive Wistar rats than in the SHRs, while that of $K^+$ was not significantly different. These findings indicate that consumption of radish leaves might have had antihypertensive effects in SHRs by increasing the serum concentration of NO and fecal concentration of $Na^+$ and enhancing antioxidant activities.

알루미늄호일 이용 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella L.) 살란활성 검정법 개발 및 살란활성 식물추출물의 선발 (Development of a Bioassay Method Using Aluminium Foil Sheet for Screening Ovicidal Activity Against Diamondback Moth Egg, Plutella xylostella L. and Selection of Plant Extracts with High Ovicidal Activity)

  • 권민;김주일;이승환;임매영
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제15권2호
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    • pp.194-200
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    • 2011
  • 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella L.)은 세계적으로 배추과 작물의 가장 문제 해충이다. 지금까지 배추좀나방 방제는 유충을 대상으로 이루어졌으나, 더욱 효과적인 방제를 위해서 알의 부화를 억제하거나 살란활성을 가진 새로운 살충제 개발이 요구된다. 이에 알루미늄 호일을 활용하여 배추좀나방의 살란활성을 효율적으로 생물검정하는 방법을 개발하였다. 알루미늄호일($4{\times}12$ cm, 산란호일)에 배추잎 즙액을 도포하여 아크릴원통에 넣고 갓 우화한 성충 300마리를 24시간 접종한 결과 알을 충분하게 확보할 수 있었으며, 이는 4일간 연속으로 채란 가능하였다. 살란활성 검정은 난괴 크기별로 산란호일을 6~12조각으로 나눈 농도별로 준비된 메탄올 용액에 2~10초간 핀셋으로 침지한 후 음건(15~30분)하여 소형사육통에 넣어 부화율을 조사하였다. 산란호일은 50% 메탄올에 10초간 침지하여도 활성검정에 어떠한 영향도 미치지 않았다. 하지만 소형 사육통의 뚜껑을 개폐하면 활성물질의 성질에 따라 영향을 받았다 이러한 방법으로 식물체 50종의 메탄올 추출물에 대한 배추좀나방 살란활성을 검정한 결과, 고본(Angelica tenuissima) 뿌리, 원지(Polygala tenuifolia) 뿌리, 지골피(Lycium chinense) 뿌리, 천궁(Cnidium officinale) 뿌리 등은 90% 이상의 높은 살란활성을 나타내었다.

무 시들음병균이 생산하는 Phytotoxin의 병원성 및 저항성에서 역할 (Role of a Phytotoxin Produced by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani on Pathogenesis of and Resistance to the Fungus)

  • 심선아;김진철;장경수;최용호;김흥태;최경자
    • 원예과학기술지
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    • 제31권5호
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    • pp.626-632
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    • 2013
  • 무 시들음병에 대한 저항성 검정 체계를 확립하기 위하여 실험하는 과정에서 병원균인 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. raphani가 무 유묘에 독성(phytotoxicity)을 일으키는 독소(phytotoxin)를 생산한다는 것을 발견했다. F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani KR1 균주는 여러 배지 중 malt extract broth 배지에서 배양하였을 때 그리고 $25^{\circ}C$에서 14일 동안 150rpm으로 진탕배양하였을 때 가장 많은 독소를 생산하였다. 무에 대한 독성 반응을 이용하여 F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani의 배양액으로부터 phytotoxin을 분리하였다. 그리고 Mass와 NMR Spectroscopy 분석을 통하여 이 화합물은 fusaric acid로 동정되었다. 독소의 역할을 규명하기 위하여 fusaric acid를 무, 양배추, 브로콜리 등 F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani의 기주 및 비기주 배추과 작물에 대한 독소 활성을 조사하였다. Fusaric aicd는 무 유묘에 대하여 농도 의존적으로 활성을 보였으며, F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani에 대한 감수성 품종뿐만 아니라 저항성 품종에 대해서도 유사한 정도의 독성을 나타냈다. 그리고 F. oxysporum f. sp. raphani가 생산하는 fusaric acid는 병원균의 비기주 배추과 작물인 양배추와 브로콜리에 대해서도 강한 활성을 보였다. 따라서 이들 결과는 이 독소가 병원성 관련 독소이나 비기주 특이적 독소이며, 무 시들음병 저항성 검정에서 이 독소가 제거된 포자현탁액을 접종원으로 사용해야 한다는 것을 나타낸다.

무청의 항균, 항산화 및 항혈전 활성 (Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Anticoagulation Activities of Korean Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) Leaves)

  • 이예슬;권경진;김미선;손호용
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제41권2호
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    • pp.228-235
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    • 2013
  • 우리나라 대표 채소중의 하나인 무의 지상부는 과거 채소가 귀했던 겨울철 주요한 단백질, 비타민, 미네랄, 식이섬유 공급원으로 이용되어 왔으며, 무청김치 및 우거지 등으로 식용되어 왔다. 그러나, 최근의 도시와 농촌의 격리, 산업화의 정착, 식생활 습관의 변화 등으로 인해, 무청은 대부분 폐기되고 있는 실정이며, 무청의 효율적인 이용 및 유용생리활성에 대한 연구는 미미한 상태이다. 본 연구에서는 무청을 이용한 새로운 건강식품소재 개발 연구의 일환으로 조선무의 무청을 대상으로 ethanol 추출물 및 이의 순차적 유기용매 분획물들을 조제하여, 이들의 항균, 항산화 및 항혈전 활성들을 검토하였다. 그 결과 무청의 ethanol 추출물의 수율은 5.6%이었으며, 이들의 n-hexane, ethylacetate 및 butanol 분획 효율은 각각 25.3, 3.6, 19.4%로 나타났으며, 물 잔류물은 51.7%를 나타내었다. 총 폴리페놀 및 총 플라보노이드 함량 분석 결과 ethylacetate 분획에서 97.57 및 152.91 mg/g의 매우 높은 함량을 나타내었으며, ethylacetate 분획물은 매우 강력한 항균, 항산화, 및 항혈전 활성을 나타내었다. 먼저 항균 활성의 경우 무청 n-hexane 및 ethylacetate 분획물은 그람 양성균(S. aureus, L. monocytogenes 및 B. subtilis)에 대해 양호한 항균 활성을 나타내었으며, 그람 음성균에서는 E. coli 및 P. aeruginosa를 제외한 P. vulgaris와 S. typhimurium에 대해 생육억제 활성을 나타내었다. 즉, 물 잔류물을 제외한 모든 분획물에서 부분적인 항세균활성이 나타나, 무청 추출물이 다양한 항세균 활성물질을 포함함을 확인하였다. 항산화 활성 평가 결과, ethylacetate 분획물에서 우수한 DPPH 소거능, ABTS 소거능, nitrite 소거능 및 환원력을 확인하였다. 또한 항혈전 활성 평가에서도 ethylacetate 분획물에서 양호한 트롬빈 및 프로트롬빈 억제활성과 함께, 강력한 내인성 혈전 생성억제를 확인하였다. 본 연구결과는 무청이 영양적 측면 및 유용생리활성 측면에서 매우 우수한 식품소재임을 제시하고 있으며, 무청을 이용한 기능성 식품개발 및 ethylacetate 분획을 이용한 유용 소재개발의 기본 자료로 활용될 것이다.