• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.313-324
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• 2020

Objectives: The aim of this study was to confirm the association among the health status, health behaviors, and periodontitis according to total, age and sex in cases of adult metabolic syndrome(MetS). Methods: This cross-sectional study used collected data from the 7^th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) conducted from 2016 to 2018 with 3,394 adults with MetS aged 19-79 years. The complex samples logistic regression analysis confirmed the relevant factors for periodontitis. Results:Periodontitis was diagnosed in 43.6% of all MetS cases. Diabetes (Odds Ratio [OR]=1.554), abdominal obesity (OR=1.336), current smoking (OR=2.465), past smoking (OR=1.379), and not-using oral care products (OR=1.414) were associated with periodontitis in MetS. In the age of 19-39 years with MetS group, diabetes (OR=5.379), elevated blood pressure (OR=3.975), current smoking (OR=7.430), and not using oral care products (OR=3.356) were associated with periodontitis. In the 40-79 age group, diabetes (OR=1.398), abdominal obesity (OR=1.360), current smoking (OR=2.022), and not using oral care products (OR=1.416) were associated with periodontitis. In the male MetS group, current smoking (OR=3.119), past smoking (OR=1.625), and brushing teeth more than three times (OR=0.743) were associated with periodontitis. In the female MetS group, diabetes (OR=1.733), impaired fasting glucose (OR=1.434), abdominal obesity (OR=1.479), and not using oral care products (OR=1.992) were associated with periodontitis. Conclusions: Improvement in blood sugar control, obesity, smoking cessation, and oral health education, including how to use oral care products in all individuals with MetS may result in improved oral health. In addition, improvement in elevated blood pressure in the MetS group aged under 40 years, and brushing teeth more than three times a day in the male MetS group can reduce the risk of periodontitis. Therefore, public and oral health professionals should emphasize on the relationship between age and sex during the metabolic syndrome management program and share relevant information with patients.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.705-719
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• 1996

Since the 1960s, Korea has achieved rapid economic growth, longer life expectancy, accelerated urbanization and a westenization of diet. Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of death; however the prevalence of ischemic heart disease(IHD) remains low. A cross-sectional multiphasic screening service for 18,426 persons aged $30\sim64$ years in a Medical Aid Program in Kyonggi-do Province was conducted from 1991 to 1993. Total cholesterol(TC), fasting blood glucose(FBG), blood pressure(BP), and electrocardiographic(EKG) data were collected. The result as follows ; 1. On the EKG findings, the age-adjusted prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was 1.45% in men and 2.06% in women. 2. The mean blood pressure was 122.9/78.8mmHg. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 11.05% in men and 9.02% in women. The prevalence of hypertension showed increasing tendency according to age increase. In all age group, the prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than women. 3. The mean total cholesterol level was 184.4mg/dl in men and 189.2mg/dl in women. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was 4.88% in men and 5.67% in women. The total cholesterol level showed increasing tendency according to age increase, except $55\sim64$ age group in men. 4. The prevalence of hyperglycemia is 5.8%. The age-adjusted prevalence of hyperglycemia is 6.72% in men and 4.50% in women. The prevalence of hyperglycemia showed increasing tendency according to age increase. 5. On the EKG findings, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was higher in hypertension than normal, in all age group of men and women less than 40 years-old. Only in women more t]fan 40 years-old, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was higher in hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia. Nevertheless there is not statistical association between ischemia heart disease and previous risk factors in other age group, the prevalence of myocardial ischemia and myocardial infarction was higher in hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and hyperglycemia than normal. The result of this study suggest that relationships between major risk factor of ischemic heart disease and ischemic heart disease is similar to existing theory.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제39호
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• pp.395-423
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• 2008

본 연구는 자발적으로 마약류 의존 치료재활 서비스를 이용하고 있는 한국 성인남녀를 대상으로 그들의 서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 개인적 특성을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있으며, 이론적 틀로 건강서비스 이용행태 분석에 널리 사용되는 Andersen의 '건강서비스이용 행동모형'을 활용하였다. 연구참여자 모집의 어려움으로 유의표집을 통해 조사된 80명의 자료를 분석에 활용하였으며, 분석방법으로 위계적 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, '학력(선행요인)'이 높을수록 현재 이용하는 치료재활 서비스 수가 많으며, '동료의존자의 지지(자원요인)'가 클수록 현재 이용하는 치료재활 서비스 수도 많고 향후 지속적으로 서비스를 이용할 의사도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 의존자들이 느끼는 '인지된 욕구(욕구요인)'가 클수록 입원 입소 경향이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 엔더슨모형에 의하면 우리나라 마약류 의존자 치료재활 서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인은 매우 제한적이며, 또한 서비스 이용의 형평성도 낮은 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제22권4호
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• pp.529-537
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• 2021

신체적 억제대 사용은 많은 논란이 되고 있음에도 불구하고 여전히 임상실무에서 환자안전사고 예방을 위해 입원 중인 환자에게 흔히 사용되고 있다. 따라서 미래의 간호사가 될 간호대학생이 생각하는 신체적 억제대 사용과 관련된 지식, 태도, 인식 및 간호실무 정도를 확인하고, 신체적 억제대 사용 관련 간호실무 예측 요인을 확인하기 위해 서술적 조사연구를 시행하였다. 자료 수집은 2020년 1월 2일부터 1월 20일까지 2곳의 간호대학생 144명을 대상으로 자가 보고식 설문지를 통해 시행되었다. 자료 분석은 기술적 통계, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients, multiple regression을 사용하였다. 연구결과 간호대학생의 신체적 억제대 사용에 대한 지식점수는 평균 11.55±2.81점, 태도점수는 평균 60.01±7.24점, 인식점수는 평균 59.97±10.68점, 간호실무 점수는 평균 38.04±4.15점 이었으며, 간호실무와 지식, 태도, 인식 모두 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 다중 회귀분석을 통한 신체적 억제대 사용과 관련된 간호실무에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 인식(β=.23, p=.005), 태도(β=.21, p=.009) 순으로, 이들 전체 변수의 설명력은 13%였다. 본 연구에서 신체적 억제대 사용 관련 간호실무에 가장 중요한 예측 요인은 신체적 억제대 사용에 대한 인식으로, 간호대학생이 신체적 억제대를 올바르게 인식하여 추후 간호사가 되었을 때 임상실무에서 올바르게 사용할 수 있도록 하기 위한 근거기반의 교육 중재 프로그램의 개발과 적용이 필요하겠다.

• 한국노년학
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.837-851
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• 2018

본 연구는 노쇠 수준이 건강상태 및 건강행태에 미치는 연관성을 파악하고, 노쇠가 의료 이용에 미치는 영향을 탐색하고자 수행되었다. 연구를 위해 일개 지역사회(대전광역시)에 거주하는 65~84세의 노인 516명을 대상으로 노쇠, 건강상태 및 행태, 의료서비스 이용에 대해 일대일 면접 설문조사를 시행하였고, 노쇠 수준은 K-frail 도구를 활용하여 측정한 후 노쇠, 전노쇠, 비노쇠 그룹으로 분류하였다. 노쇠 수준과 건강상태 및 행태, 의료서비스 이용 경험과의 관련성을 확인하기 위해 카이제곱검정을 시행하였고, 노쇠 수준이 응급과 입원 서비스 이용 여부에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해서는 로지스틱 회귀분석을, 외래서비스 이용 경험 중 외래방문 횟수에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위해서는 음이항 회귀분석을 실시하였다. 연구결과 비노쇠군에 비해 노쇠군에 속한 노인들에서 주관적 건강상태를 부정적으로 평가하는 비율이 높았고, 만성질환을 2개 또는 3개 이상 진단받은 비율이 높았으며, 낙상위험성, 일상생활 수행 어려움의 비율이 높았다. 또한, 노쇠는 인구사회학적 특성, 주관적 건강상태, 만성질환의 수를 통제한 후에도 응급 서비스 및 외래서비스 이용의 증가와 통계적으로 유의한 관련성을 보였다. 본 연구 결과는 지역사회에서 노쇠를 조기에 발견하여 적극적으로 대처하기 위한 체계와 전략 마련이 중요함을 시사하며, 향후 노쇠에 대한 종적 자료 구축을 통해 노쇠와 건강상태 및 행태, 의료 이용 사이의 인과관계 규명을 위한 심층적인 연구의 필요성을 제안한다.

• Epidemiology and Health
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• 제39권
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• pp.36.1-36.8
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• 2017

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the screening rates for gastric, breast, and cervical cancer in people with diabetes compared with people without diabetes. METHODS: Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2007-2009) were used. Cancer-free men who were 40 years old and over and cancer-free women who were 30 years old and over were included. The lifetime screening rate and regular screening rate were compared in people with and without diabetes. RESULTS: Fewer people with diabetes than people without diabetes had ever received cancer screening (53.5 vs. 59.5%, p<0.001 for gastric cancer; 60.5 vs. 71.5%, p<0.001 for breast cancer; and 49.1 vs. 59.6%, p<0.001 for cervical cancer). Fewer people with diabetes than people without diabetes received the recommended screenings for gastric cancer (38.9 vs. 42.9%, p<0.001), breast cancer (38.8 vs. 44.6%, p<0.001), and cervical cancer (35.1 vs. 51.2%, p<0.001). In subgroup analyses according to socioeconomic factors, the lifetime and recommended screening rates were lower in the diabetic population in most socioeconomic subgroups. In the multivariate analysis adjusted for socioeconomic factors, people with diabetes showed lower lifetime screening rates for gastric and cervical cancer (odds ratio [OR], 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 0.9 and OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.6 to 0.9), and lower regular screening rates for breast and cervical cancer (OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.6 to 0.9 and OR, 0.7; 95% CI, 0.5 to 0.9). CONCLUSIONS: The cancer screening rate in people with diabetes was lower than in people without diabetes. Considering the higher cancer risk in people with diabetes, efforts to increase the screening rate in this high-risk population should be implemented.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.526-534
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• 2019

환자에게 사용되는 신체적 억제대가 신체적, 정신적 윤리적으로 많은 문제점을 일으키지만, 여전히 임상에서는 무분별하게 사용되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 요양병원 간호사의 신체적 억제대 사용과 관련된 간호실무에 대한 관련 요인을 확인하기 위한 서술적 상관관계 조사연구를 시행하였다. 자료 수집은 2017년 1월 2일부터 6월 30일까지 11개의 요양병원 간호사 128명을 대상으로 자가 보고식 설문지를 통해 시행되었다. 자료 분석은 기술적 통계, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Welch's test, Pearson correlation coefficients 및 다중 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 연구결과 요양병원 간호사들의 신체적 억제대에 대한 지식, 태도, 인식 및 간호실무 정도는 보통 정도로 나타났으며, 간호실무와 지식 사이에는 유의한 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 다중 회귀분석을 통해 신체적 억제대 사용과 관련된 간호실무에 영향을 미치는 요인으로는 지식(${\beta}=0.27$, p=.002), 태도(${\beta}=-0.17$, p=.044)순으로, 이들 전체 변수의 설명력은 9%였다. 본 연구에서 신체적 억제대 사용에 대한 간호실무에 가장 중요한 예측 인자는 신체적 억제대 사용에 대한 지식임을 확인하였다. 따라서 요양병원에서 신체적 억제대 사용을 줄이기 위한 근거기반의 교육 프로그램의 개발과 적용이 필요하겠다.

• Asian Spine Journal
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.1043-1052
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• 2018

Study Design: Level III retrospective cross-sectional study. Purpose: To define and characterize the presentation, symptom duration, and patient/surgical risk factors associated with 'post-decompressive neuropathy (PDN).' Overview of Literature: PDN is characterized by lower extremity radicular pain that is 'different' from pre-surgical radiculopathy or claudication pain. Although it is a common constellation of postoperative symptoms, PDN is incompletely characterized and poorly understood. We hypothesize that PDN is caused by an intraoperative neuropraxic event and may develop early (within 30 days following the procedure) or late (after 30 days following the procedure) within the postoperative period. Methods: Patients who consented to undergo lumbar laminectomy with or without an instrumented fusion for degenerative lumbar spine disease were followed up prospectively from July 2013 to December 2014. Relevant data were extracted from the charts of the eligible patients. Patient demographics and surgical factors were identified. Patients completed postoperative questionnaires 3 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively. Questions were designed to characterize the postoperative pain that differed from preoperative pain. A diagnosis of PDN was established if the patient exhibited the following characteristics: pain different from preoperative pain, leg pain worse than back pain, a non-dermatomal pain pattern, and nocturnal pain that often disrupted sleep. A Visual Analog Scale was used to monitor the pain, and patients documented the effectiveness of the prescribed pain management modalities. Patients for whom more than one follow-up survey was missed were excluded from analysis. Results: Of the 164 eligible patients, 118 (72.0%) completed at least one follow-up survey at each time interval. Of these eligible patients, 91 (77.1%) described symptoms consistent with PDN. Additionally, 75 patients (82.4%) described early-onset symptoms, whereas 16 reported symptoms consistent with late-onset PDN. Significantly more female patients reported PDN symptoms (87% vs. 69%, p=0.03). Patients with both early and late development of PDN described their leg pain as an intermittent, constant, burning, sharp/stabbing, or dull ache. Early PDN was categorized more commonly as a dull ache than late-onset PDN (60% vs. 31%, p=0.052); however, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Opioids were significantly more effective for patients with early-onset PDN than for those with late-onset PDN (85% vs. 44%, p=0.001). Gabapentin was most commonly prescribed to patients who cited no resolution of symptoms (70% vs. 31%, p=0.003). Time to symptom resolution ranged from within 1 month to 1 year. Patients' symptoms were considered unresolved if symptoms persisted for more than 1 year postoperatively. In total, 81% of the patients with early-onset PDN reported complete symptom resolution 1 year postoperatively compared with 63% of patients with late-onset PDN (p=0.11). Conclusions: PDN is a discrete postoperative pain phenomenon that occurred in 77% of the patients who underwent lumbar laminectomy with or without instrumented fusion. Attention must be paid to the constellation and natural history of symptoms unique to PDN to effectively manage a self-limiting postoperative issue.

• 기술혁신학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.382-415
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• 2019

본 연구는 수 위탁거래의 전속성이 수탁 중소벤처기업의 R&D투자, R&D인력, 외부 조직과 협력 범위, 특허출원건수, 신제품에 의한 매출 및 누적 매출성장률에 미치는 영향을 분석한다. 벤처기업정밀실태조사의 원자료를 이용하여 6,029개 중소벤처기업의 병합된 횡단면 데이터를 분석한 결과 첫째, 대기업 및 1 2차 협력업체와 전속거래를 하는 중소벤처기업의 R&D투자수준은 시장판매 중소벤처기업의 투자수준보다 낮음을 실증하였다. 둘째, 전속거래를 하는 중소벤처기업의 혁신활동, 즉 R&D인력 비율 및 외부 조직과 협력 제휴 범위는 시장판매하는 중소벤처기업에 비해 낮음을 확인하였다. 셋째, 전속거래를 하는 중소벤처기업의 혁신성과, 즉 특허출원건수, 신제품에 의한 매출비중, 누적매출성장률은 시장판매하는 중소벤처기업에 비해 모두 낮음을 검증하였다. 네 번째로 수탁 중소벤처기업이 위탁 대기업의 1 2차 협력업체와 전속거래를 하는 경우가 가치사슬 상위의 대기업과 전속거래를 하는 경우에 비해 혁신 투입, 활동, 성과의 모든 측면에서 낮은 성과를 보이고 있었다. 위탁대기업 또는 1 2차 협력업체와 전속거래여부는 중소벤처기업의 혁신프로세스를 전반적이고 체계적으로 약화시켜서 혁신을 통한 성장을 기대하기 어려운 일종의 시장 실패를 가져오므로 중소벤처기업의 혁신정책은 이를 반영하여 설계될 필요가 있다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권5호
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• pp.260-271
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of different stocker management programs on skeletal muscle development and growth characteristics, satellite cell (SC) activity in growing-finishing beef cattle as well as the effects of SC-conditioned media on preadipocyte gene expression and differentiation. Fall-weaned Angus steers (n = 76; $258{\pm}28kg$) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 stocker production systems: 1) grazing dormant native range (NR) supplemented with a 40% CP cottonseed meal-based supplement ($1.02kg{\cdot}steer^{-1}{\cdot}d^{-1}$) followed by long-season summer grazing (CON, 0.46 kg/d); 2) grazing dormant NR supplemented with a ground corn and soybean meal-based supplement fed at 1% of BW followed by short-season summer grazing (CORN, 0.61 kg/d); 3) grazing winter wheat pasture (WP) at high stocking density (3.21 steers/ha) to achieve a moderate rate of gain (LGWP, 0.83 kg/d); and 4) grazing winter WP at low stocking density (0.99 steers/ha) to achieve a high rate of gain (HGWP, 1.29 kg/d). At the end of the stocker (intermediate harvest, IH) and finishing (final harvest, FH) phases, 4 steers / treatment were harvested and longissimus muscles (LM) sampled for cryohistological immunofluorescence analysis and SC culture assays. At IH, WP steers had greater LM fiber cross-sectional area than NR steers; however, at FH, the opposite was observed (p < 0.0001). At IH, CORN steers had the lowest Myf-5+:Pax7+ SC density (p = 0.020), while LGWP steers had the most Pax7+ SC (p = 0.043). At FH, CON steers had the highest LM capillary density (p = 0.003) and their cultured SC differentiated more readily than all other treatments (p = 0.017). At FH, Pax7 mRNA was more abundant in 14 d-old SC cultures from HGWP cattle (p = 0.03). Preadipocytes exposed to culture media from proliferating SC cultures from WP cattle isolated at FH had more $PPAR{\gamma}$ (p = 0.037) and less FABP4 (p = 0.030) mRNA expression compared with NR cattle. These data suggest that different stocker management strategies can impact skeletal muscle growth, SC function, and potentially impact marbling development in growing-finishing beef cattle.