• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.447-453
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• 2018

Background: Patient safety and accurate implementation of medication orders are among the essential requirements of par nursing profession. In this regard, it is necessary to determine and prevent factors influencing medications errors. Although many studies have investigated this issue, the effects of psychosocial factors have not been examined thoroughly. Methods: The present study aimed at investigating the impact of psychosocial factors on nurses' medication errors by evaluating the balance between effort and reward. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in public hospitals of Tehran in 2015. The population of this work consisted of 379 nurses. A multisection questionnaire was used for data collection. Results: In this research, 29% of participating nurses reported medication errors in 2015. Most frequent errors were related to wrong dosage, drug, and patient. There were significant relationships between medications errors and the stress of imbalance between effort and reward (p < 0.02) and job commitment and stress (p < 0.027). Conclusion: It seems that several factors play a role in the occurrence of medication errors, and psychosocial factors play a crucial and major role in this regard. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate these factors in more detail and take them into account in the hospital management.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.152-159
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• 2019

Purpose: To understand awareness, attitude and knowledge levels of muscle health of adults over 18 years old. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study using questionnaires. A total of 401 questionnaires were included for final analysis. Mean and standard deviation of the continuous variables were analyzed and frequency analysis of categorical variables was performed. To identify differences according to general characteristics, t-test was used. Results: Awareness scores about the importance of muscle health and exercises were 8.3 and 13.0, respectively. Attitude score and knowledge score were 12.4 and 15.0, respectively. There were differences in attitude toward muscle health according to gender, age, physical activity, and diet habits. However, there was no difference in attitude toward muscle health according to educational level, smoking, drinking, or sleeping. Conclusion: It is necessary to seek a strategy to improve awareness and attitude toward muscle health based on knowledge, not merely to raise knowledge level about muscle health. Since nurses play a central role in health promotion and disease prevention, they should also play an important role in strategic development and application of intervention.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.519-529
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• 2022

This research analyzed the characteristics of Hanfu street snaps in the Chinese version of TikTok to determine the development and meaning of Hanfu. Based on grounded theory, this study selected 102 representative cases by sorting Hanfu street snaps on TikTok according to popularity. Subsequently, through open coding, the cases were organized and summarized into five main categories. The findings are as follows: 1) The national cultural pride has enabled a greater number of Hanfu fans and groups to upload short videos promoting the Hanfu movement on TikTok to expand the influence of the activities and popularize cultural knowledge. 2) The users attempted cross-cultural communication by participating in cultural festivals in Western countries wearing Hanfu. 3) The 'See now buy now' function of TikTok enables numerous Hanfu merchants to upload short videos about Hanfu products to promote their products and boost sales. 4) As 'gamification' affects everyday life, computer game enthusiasts among them wear Hanfu in the form of role-playing. 5)As a unique "meme" phenomenon on TikTok, wearing Hanfu to make interesting videos has also become a form of entertainment. Thus, although the characteristics of Hanfu street snaps on TikTok originated from the transmission of Hanfu culture, the culture has now been transformed through social media into symbolic consumption and play culture.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제19권
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• pp.39-77
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• 2010

The cinema of Peter Greenaway has consistently engaged questions of the relationship between the arts and particularly the relations of image and writing to cinema. When different types of images are correlated and merged with each other on the borders of painting, photography, film, video and computer animation, the interrelationships of the distinct elements cause a shift in the notion of the whole image. This analysis proposes to articulate the complex relationship between the 'interartial' dimension and the 'intermedial' dimension in Peter Greenaway's film, (1991). If the interartiality is interested in the interaction between various arts, including the transition from one to another, the intermediality articulates the same type of relationship between two or more media. The interactional relationship is the same on both sides; on the contrary, the relationship between art and media does not show the same symmetry. All art is based on one or more media - the media is a condition existence of art - but no art can't be reduced to the status of media. This suggests that if the interartiality always involves the intermediality, this proposal may not be reversed. First, we analyse a self-conscious investigation into digital art and technology. Prosospero's Books can be read as a daring visual essay that self-consciously investigates the technical and philosophical functions of letters, books, images, animated paintings, digital arts, and the other magical illusions, which have been modern or will be post-modern media to represent the world. Greenaway uses both conventional film techniques and the resources of high-definition television to layer image upon image, superimposing a second or third frame within his frame. Greenaway uses the frame-within-frame as the cinematic equivalent of Shakespeare's paly-within-play : it offer him the possibility to analyse the work of art/artist/spectator relationship. Secondly, we analyse the relationship between the written word, oral word and the books. Like the written word, the oral word changes into a visual image: The linguistic richness and nuances of Shakeaspeare's characters turn into the powerful and authoritative, but monotone, voices of Gielgud-Prospero, who speaks the Shakespearean lines aloud, shaping the characters so powerfully through his worlds that they are conjured before us. Specially each book is placed over the frame of the play's action, only partially covering the image, so that it gives virtually every frame at least two space-time orientations. Thirdly, we try to show how Peter Greenaway uses pictorial references in order to illustrate the context of the Renaissance as well as pictorial techniques and language in order to question the nature of artistic representation. For exemple, The storm is visualised through reference to Botticelli's : the storm of papers swirling around the library is constructed to look like a facsimili copy of Michelangelo's Laurentiana Library in Florence. Greenaway's modern mannerism consists in imposing his own aesthetic vision and his questioning of art beyond the play's meta-theatricality: in other words, Shakespeare''s text has been adapted without being betrayed.

• 비교문화연구
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• 제40권
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• pp.7-39
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• 2015

연을 일본어로는 다코(たこ), 즉 문어라고 한다. 그 이유는 일본인들이 연의 꼬리를 보았을 때, 문어의 발을 떠올렸기 때문이다. 그리고 이러한 종류의 연상행위는 일본어로 미타테(見立て)라고 한다. 미타테는 비유와 비슷하지만, 이 두 개념은 웃음을 일으키는 주안점이 약간 다르다. 그리고 한국과 중국의 소화에서의 비유는 90%의 비슷한 점이 웃음을 유발하지만, 일본 소화에서의 미타테는 10%의 비슷하지 않은 점이 웃음을 발생시키는데 있어서 중요한 역할을 한다. 이에 본고에서는 동아시아 소화의 미타테에 대해 살펴보았으며, 다음의 3가지 특징을 알 수 있었다. 첫 번째, 중국과 한국소화의 미타테는 인간의 신체적 약점과 관련되는 경향을 보이는 반면, 일본 소화의 미타테는 인간의 직업이나 기질과 관련되는 경향을 보인다. 두 번째, 동아시아 소화의 미타테는 중국의 언어문자유희에서 온 한자의 파자와 관련이 되는데, 이는 이 지역에서 오랫동안 한자가 쓰여져 왔기 때문이다. 하지만 일본 소화에서 보이는 문자 미타테는 한자와 히라가나, 혹은 가타카나라는 두 개의 서로 이질적인 타입의 문자를 조합하는 형태로도 나타난다. 세 번째, 미타테에는 한자의 착각에 의한 것도 있는데, 이것은 중국과 한국 소화에서 특히 많이 보인다. 아마도 이 패턴은 중국의 3자음 언어문자유희에서 비롯되었을 것이다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권7호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper empirically investigates the predictors and main determinants of consumers' ratings of mobile applications in the Google Play Store. Using a linear and nonlinear model comparison to identify the function of users' review, in determining application rating across countries, this study estimates the direct effects of users' reviews on the application rating. In addition, extending our modelling into a sentimental analysis, this paper also aims to explore the effects of review polarity and subjectivity on the application rating, followed by an examination of the moderating effect of user reviews on the polarity-rating and subjectivity-rating relationships. Design/methodology - Our empirical model considers nonlinear association as well as linear causality between features and targets. This study employs competing theoretical frameworks - multiple regression, decision-tree and neural network models - to identify the predictors and main determinants of app ratings, using data from the Google Play Store. Using a cross-validation method, our analysis investigates the direct and moderating effects of predictors and main determinants of application ratings in a global app market. Findings - The main findings of this study can be summarized as follows: the number of user's review is positively associated with the ratings of a given app and it positively moderates the polarity-rating relationship. Applying the review polarity measured by a sentimental analysis to the modelling, it was found that the polarity is not significantly associated with the rating. This result best applies to the function of both positive and negative reviews in playing a word-of-mouth role, as well as serving as a channel for communication, leading to product innovation. Originality/value - Applying a proxy measured by binomial figures, previous studies have predominantly focused on positive and negative sentiment in examining the determinants of app ratings, assuming that they are significantly associated. Given the constraints to measurement of sentiment in current research, this paper employs sentimental analysis to measure the real integer for users' polarity and subjectivity. This paper also seeks to compare the suitability of three distinct models - linear regression, decision-tree and neural network models. Although a comparison between methodologies has long been considered important to the empirical approach, it has hitherto been underexplored in studies on the app market.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제59권4호
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• pp.341-348
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• 2020

ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter는 다양한 기질을 세포 밖과 세포 안으로 수송하는 대표적인 수송단백질이다. 곤충에서 ABC transporter는 살충제에 대한 저항성을 발달시키는 중요한 역할을 한다. 현재까지 모델곤충인 초파리를 대상으로 ABC transporter의 살충제 교차저항성에 관한 연구는 많이 수행되어오지 않았다. 본 연구에서는 ABC transporter에 속하는 Mdr49A 유전자가 여섯 종류의 살충제에 보이는 교차저항성 기작을 형질전환 초파리를 이용하여 구명하였다. 초파리 91-R과 91-C 계통은 공통된 조상으로부터 유래되었으며 91-R은 60년 이상 DDT에 노출되었지만 91-C는 어떠한 살충제에도 노출되지 않고 유지되어 왔다. 91-R 계통의 MDR49A 단백질에서 유래된 3개의 아미노산 돌연변이를 형질전환 초파리에 과발현 시켰을 때 carbofuran에 대해서 2.0~6.7배 그리고 permethrin에 대해서 2.5~10.5배의 교차저항성을 나타낸 반면 다른 약제, abamectin, imidacloprid, methoxychlor, prothiofos에 대해서는 어떠한 교차저항성도 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 결과는 Mdr49A 유전자의 과발현과 더불어 3개의 아미노산 돌연변이는 두 개 약제, carbofuran과 permethrin에 대해 교차저항성 기능을 한다고 제시하고 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한의용생체공학회 1994년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.113-116
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• 1994

Estimation of the evoked potential using the iterated bispectrum and cross-correlation (IBC) has been tried for both simulation and real clinical data. Conventional time average (TA) method suffers from synchronization error when the latency time of the evoked potential is random, which results in poor SNR distortion in the estimation of EP waveform. Instead of EP signal average in time domain, bispectrum is used which is insensitive to time delay. The EP signal is recovered by the inverse transform of the Fourier amplitude and phase obtained from the bispectrum. The distribution of the latency time is calculated using cross-correlation between EP signal estimated by the bispectrum and the acquired signal. For the simulation. EEG noise was added to the known EP signal and the EP signal was estimated by both the conventional technique and bispectrum technique. The proposed bispectrum technique estimates EP signal more accurately than the conventional technique with respect to the maximum amplitude of a signal, full width at half maximum(FWHM). signal-to-noise-ratio, and the position of maximum peak. When applied to the real visual evoked potential(VEP) signal. bispectrum technique was able to estimate EP signal more distinctively. The distribution of the latency time may play an important role in medical diagonosis.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1613-1623
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• 1996

In this paper, two discretization methods, hybrid and QUICK, are tested for the Navier-Stokes equations written in general nonorthogonal body fitted coordinates. Comparison is made by calculating two laminar flows at low Reynolds numbers of 10 - 100. One is a two-dimensional channel of gradually expanding cross section and the other is an axisymmetric flow through a circular tube having a circular constriction. Results show that the QUICK scheme results in a numerical solution more accurate than that of hybrid. The QUICK scheme also shows faster convergence for both test cases. As the number of grid points increases, all numerical solutions converge with more oscillation. The number of grid points in the y-direction(cross stream direction) is also shown to play a significant role in the approximation of convection term within separated flow zone.

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1996년도 10월 학술대회지
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• pp.343-348
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• 1996

This paper examines the contribution of vocalic information (after the onset of voicing) to the perception of Korean alveolar stops: the aspirated /$t^{h}$/, the lenis /t/, and the fortis /$t^{*}$/. These stops have been analyzed as differing in VOT (Abramson & Lisker, 1964), the glottal width or aspiration (Kim, 1970), and F0 and intensity build-up (Han & Weitzman, 1970). These studies focused on the articulatory and acoustic qualities of the consonants and often assumed that the consonantal portion before the onset of voicing plays the main role in maintaining the three-way distinction. In contrast, the role of the following vowels was given less attention. In order to investigate the contribution of the following vowels, a perceptual study was conducted using stimuli cross-spliced from three naturally produced syllables [$t^{h}al$] 'mask', [tal] 'moon', and [$t^{*}al$]) 'daughter'. Stimuli were presented to 12 Korean listeners for identification. Each subject responded to a total of 486 tokens. The results show that vowels play the primary role when the cut occurs at the star of voicing. Even with cuts at 10 ms and 40 ms into voicing, the following vowel still plays a clear role. This suggests that vowels carry the important information for distinguishing the three stops.