• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-65
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• 1994

Total quality management has been a focus of concern in recent years since some dissatisfaction with the results from implementation of quality assurance programs in the U.S. Many managerial methodologies and innovation guidelines from academic disciplines have been applied to promote TQM programs in the health field. This paper consists of two folds of aspects: firstly to examine TQM's managerial philosophy by comparing with the newly introduced managerial concepts in Business Reengineering; and then to introduce a method for an integrative way of process analysis, Entity Life-Cycle Diagram (ELCD) modeling. The analysis method was compared with Process Map, which is a well-known method for BR applications. To show effectiveness of ELCD modeling, a case of application was introduced using 'drug' as a target entity. With having TQM issues in mind, the result was reflected in designing Entity Relation Diagrams. The results of ELCD modeling turn out to be helpful in designing database related to quality monitoring, in that many monitoring check points can be identified in a systematic way and that queries cross-sectional over organizational boundaries can be generated with a consistent view focusing on the drug use as a single process. Full evaluation of the analysis method remains to be studied until the completion of the information system under construction. But as long as TQM is based on a process-oriented view and needs supports from information system, ELCD can be one of the appropriate choice as a tool for the process analysis.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.537-573
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• 2015

Multiple-step beams carrying intermediate lumped masses with/without rotary inertias are widely used in engineering applications, but in the literature for free vibration analysis of such structural systems; Bernoulli-Euler Beam Theory (BEBT) without axial force effect is used. The literature regarding the free vibration analysis of Bernoulli-Euler single-span beams carrying a number of spring-mass systems, Bernoulli-Euler multiple-step and multi-span beams carrying multiple spring-mass systems and multiple point masses are plenty, but that of Timoshenko multiple-step beams carrying intermediate lumped masses and/or rotary inertias with axial force effect is fewer. The purpose of this paper is to utilize Numerical Assembly Technique (NAT) and Differential Transform Method (DTM) to determine the exact natural frequencies and mode shapes of the axial-loaded Timoshenko multiple-step beam carrying a number of intermediate lumped masses and/or rotary inertias. The model allows analyzing the influence of the shear and axial force effects, intermediate lumped masses and rotary inertias on the free vibration analysis of the multiple-step beams by using Timoshenko Beam Theory (TBT). At first, the coefficient matrices for the intermediate lumped mass with rotary inertia, the step change in cross-section, left-end support and right-end support of the multiple-step Timoshenko beam are derived from the analytical solution. After the derivation of the coefficient matrices, NAT is used to establish the overall coefficient matrix for the whole vibrating system. Finally, equating the overall coefficient matrix to zero one determines the natural frequencies of the vibrating system and substituting the corresponding values of integration constants into the related eigenfunctions one determines the associated mode shapes. After the analytical solution, an efficient and easy mathematical technique called DTM is used to solve the differential equations of the motion. The calculated natural frequencies of Timoshenko multiple-step beam carrying intermediate lumped masses and/or rotary inertias for the different values of axial force are given in tables. The first five mode shapes are presented in graphs. The effects of axial force, intermediate lumped masses and rotary inertias on the free vibration analysis of Timoshenko multiple-step beam are investigated.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2501-2505
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• 2015

Purpose: The present study was carried out to measure knowledge level and behavior of family health personnel (FHP) in Izmir on early diagnosis of breast and cervical cancers. Materials and Methods: The study population of this cross-sectional study was not selected. A questionnaire was applied to all FHP to measure knowledge level and behavior about cancer. The participation rate was 88%. Breast examination, mammography analysis, Papanicolaou smear applications were determined as dependent variables, and knowledge level about breast and cervical cancer, age, professional time as FHP as independent variables. Data were evaluated using definitive statistics, chi-square and logistic regression tests in SPSS software package for Windows 15.0. Results: A total of 970 family health personnel participated in the research. The age range was 20-45 years (82.4%). Mean age was $37.9{\pm}7.4$. Response rate was 87.3%. Of the participants, 88.4% performed breast self-examination. Rate of performing mammography at least once was 24.1%. Rate of performing Pap-smear examination at least once was 61.0%. In logistic regression analyses, it was determined that people with knowledge on breast and cervical cancer were those performing breast self-examination, mammography and Pap-smear examinations (p<0.05. Conclusions: It is essential that the knowledge, behavior and manners of health providers on early diagnosis for cancer increases awareness in the general population and provides information on execution ofthe most effective methods for generating a healthy society.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.634-657
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• 2016

This study analyzes relationship between utilizing patents and trade secrets of firms empirically by using Koran Innovation Survey data. A number of prior theoretical studies have been discussed by assuming the patents and trade secrets used as alternative mutual relations. However, the use of patents and trade secrets can be used as a complementary and alternative methods generally based on a variety of firm and innovation characteristics. In this study, after controlling for nature of businesses, industry and innovation, the relationships between patent and trade secrets were analyzed by using 2005, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014 cross-sectional data. Prior to 2010, the relationship of patents and trade secrets was used as a complementary, while the result of 2014 showed that patents and trade secrets were utilized by firms independently. However, because we couldn't completely rule out the possibility that this result is caused by the difference between surveys, we performed a additional analysis. In conclusion, the independent relationship between patents and trade secrets may be caused by the increased number of patent applications and preference for the patent by firms since 2010.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.421-428
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• 2009

On the visualization of categorical data, if the number of categories is small, we can consider Hayashi Quantification Method 3 for visualization of the categories of the variables. But it is known that the method is unstable because it quantifies more significantly for the small frequency categories rather than large frequency categories. The purpose of this research is to propose the visualization of large two-way crosstabulation data by PLS methods for checking the relationship between the categories of row and column variables. In this research, we utilize the PLS visualization methods (Huh et al., 2007) that is proposed for visualization of the qualitative data to visualize the categories of the large categorical data. We also compared both methods by applying them to real data, and studied the results from PLS visualization method on the real categorized data with many categories.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.59-70
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• 2014

This paper propose a new wireless multi-hop routing protocol that takes the hierarchical mesh of the hybrid WMN into account. WMN that is possible to provide various applications of wireless networks still has many open issues that should be solved despite the studies carried out over a decade. Especially, in routing protocol area, a problem degrading the routing efficiency by applying one of the routing protocols, which are designed for the MANET, to the hybrid WMN be solved above all. For the improvement of the routing performance, both good routing protocol and metric are essential. However, the recent studies are only concentrated in routing metric by use of the cross-layer design. Therefore, this paper is dedicated to the routing protocol that is essential for the performance of the routing but needed more studies. The proposed protocol in this paper is reactive, and designed to reorganize the hybrid WMN with several pseudo domains, and carry out domain-based route decision. By the simulation result for the performance analysis of the proposed protocol, the average delay for the route decision was decreased by 43% compared to AODV that is the typical reactive protocol.

• Journal of the Korean Magnetics Society
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.163-168
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• 2004

We prepared ultra thin film structure of Si(100)/ $SiO_2$(200 nm)/Ta(5 nm)/Ni$_{80}$Fe$_{20/(l～15 nm)}$Ta(5 nm) using an inductively coupled plasma(ICP) helicon sputter. Magnetic properties and cross-sectional microstructures were investigated with a superconduction quantum interference device(SQUID) and a transmission electron microscope(TEM), respectively. We report that NiFe films of sub-3 nm thickness show the B$_{bulk}$ = 0 and B$_{surf}$=-3 ${\times}$ 10$^{-7}$(J/$m^2$). Moreover, Curie temperature may be lowered by decreasing thickness. Coercivity become larger as temperature decreased with 0.5 nm - thick Ta/NiFe interface intermixing. Our result implies that effective magnetic properties of magnetoelastic anisotropy, saturation magnetization, and coercivity may change abruptly in nano-thick films. Thus we should consider those abrupt changes in designing nano-devices such as MRAM applications.

• Clean Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.272-278
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• 2013

Ethylene propylene diene terpolymer (EPDM) has been usually used for various applications. Bottom ash generated in thermoelectric power plant is hardly recycled. In this study, EPDM/bottom ash/talc composites were prepared by using roll-mill. Bottom ashes obtained from thermoelectric power plant were modified using surfactant. The processing materials used in this study were antioxidant, processing oil, cross-linking co-agent and softening agent. Morphology and physical properties of EPDM composites are investigated by using SEM, TGA, UTM and Rheometer. As a result, when modified ash and talc are added to EPDM composites, the tensile strength and modulus of EPDM composites were remarkably enhanced.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.80-83
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• 2017

In this paper, the X-band reconfigurable frequency selective surface having flexible geometry was proposed. The proposed RFSS is composed of patterns of cross-shaped loop with inductive stub, which can control the frequency response for C-Band and X-band by ON/OFF state of PIN diode. To minimize the parasitic effect and to obtain the high level of isolation between the unit cell of FSS and the bias circuit, we designed the grid type bias line on bottom layer through via hole. The measured transmission characteristics show good agreement with the simulation results and good stability of frequency response for different incident angles and curvatures of surface.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.339-347
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• 2014

In this paper, the authors present a new design for a broad-band metamaterial(MTM) absorber that utilizes flexible substrate. The proposed MTM unit cell is constructed by a electric-inducive-capacitive(ELC) resonator and a cut-wire on the same side of the flexible polyimide substrate. To reduce the radar cross section at frequencies other than the targeted frequency bands, the metallic pattern layer of the proposed structure is placed facing toward the incident wave propagation direction. A prototype absorber was fabricated with a planar array of $33{\times}45$ unit cells. Our experiments showed that the proposed absorber exhibits a peak absorption rate of 92 % and 93 % at 9.06 GHz and 15.0 GHz, respectively, and 75 % of the full-width at half-maximum(FWHM) bandwidth is achieved. The proposed backplane-less MTM structure can be used for a broad-band microwave absorber and irregular surface applications.