• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.219-224
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• 1998

The bioequivalence of two clarithromvcin products was evaluated with 16 normal male volunteers (age 23-28 yr, body weight 57.5-75.517g) following single oral dose. Test product was ReYon Clarithromycin tablets (ReYon Pharm. Corp., Korea) and reference product was Klarici $d_{R}$ tablets (Abbott Korea). Both products contain 250 mg of clarithromucin. One tablet of the test or the reference product was administered to the volunteers, respectively, by randomized two period cross-over study (2$\times$2 Latin square method). The determination of clarithromycin was accomplished using a modified agar well diffusion bioassay. As a result of the assay validation, the quantification of clarithromycin in human serum by this technique was possible down to 0.03$\mu$g/ml using 100$\mu$l of serum. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) was less than 10%. Average drug concentrations at each sampling time and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated were not significantly different between two products P>0.05); the area under the curve to last sampling time (24 hr) (AU $Co_{24hr}$ (8.10$\pm$ 1.26 vs 8.22$\pm$ 1.627g . hr/ml), AUC from time zero to infinite (AU $Co_{\infty}$) (8.61 $\pm$ 1.28 vs 8.84$\pm$ 1.71 $\mu$g . hr/ml), maximum plasma concentration ( $C_{msx}$) (0.87$\pm$0.22 vs 0.88$\pm$0.19 $\mu$g/ml) and time to maximum plasma concentration ( $T_{max}$) (2.69 $\pm$0.48 vs 2.56$\pm$ 0.51 hr). The differences of mean AU $Co_{24h}$, $C_{msx}$ and $T_{msx}$ between the two products (1.44, 1.39, and 4.65%, respectively) were less than 20%. The power (1-$\beta$) and treatment difference ($\Delta$) for AU $Co_{24hr}$, and $C_{max}$ were more than 0.8 and less than 0.2, respectivly. Although the power for $T_{max}$ was under 0.8, $T_{max}$. of the two products was not significantly different each other (p>0.05). These results suggest that the bioavailability of ReYon Clarithromycin tablets is not significantly different from that of Klarici $d_{R}$ tablets. Therefore, two products are bioequivalent based on the current results. results.sults.sults.s.s.s.s.s.s.s.

• 보건행정학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.162-173
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• 2015

Background: The aim of the current study was to investigate the factors related to the non-practice of cancer screening in cancer survivors, who are at high risk of developing second cancers. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional analysis of 1,125 cancer survivors ${\geq}19$ years old who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys IV and V (2007-2012). A Rao-scott chi-square test and a survey logistic regression analysis were employed respectively to analyze the difference of cancer survivors in cancer screening by each characteristic and the factors related to the non-practice of cancer screening in cancer survivors. Results: Among total subjects, 33.5% did not participate in cancer screening in the last two years. Results from a fully adjusted logistic model showed that the non-practice of cancer screening in cancer survivors was significantly associated with variables such as sex, age, marital status, education level, monthly income, and drinking a alcoholic beverage Specifically, the odds ratio of non-practice of cancer screening was higher in males than in females, in the younger group than in older group, in the group with no spouse than in the group with a spouse; in a group with a low level of education than in a group with a high level of education; in a group with the lowest income level than in a group with the other levels of income; or in non-drinkers than in drinkers. Conclusion: Health policies to reduce the non-practice rate of cancer screening in cancer survivors should be designed and implemented with close attention to cancer survivors' socio-economic characteristics such as sex, age, marital status, education, and income, along with a health behavioral characteristic as drinking.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.160-170
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• 2006

This study was conducted to provide foundation data for making health care policy for married women by assessing the dietary intake between highly educated married, employed and unemployed women. It is a direct interview, cross-sectional study with 24-hour recall method for one day. In selecting the subjects for this study, married, unemployed women were selected from a certain area (Daedeok Science Town) in Daejeon where there are high rates of highly educated women, and the married, employed women were selected from the teaching profession in order to avoid confounding due to including a variety of jobs. According to the Korean Standard Classification of Occupations, teaching is the representational occupation of highly educated, married women. Then, to prevent confounding due to age, we selected the subjects out of each age group at the same rate through random sampling. Women who had not graduated college, worked only part-time, or had no current spouse were excluded. As a result, 486 highly-educated, married, unemployed (250) and employed (236) women were used for analyzing data. The unemployed women consumed a higher amount of fat, cholesterol, sodium, vitamin C and folic acid while the employed women consumed a higher amount of iron, vitamin $B_l$ and vitamin $B_2$. P/M/S ratio being 1/1.18/1.05 and 1/1.05/0.87, for the unemployed women and the employed women, respectively, unemployed respondents had a higher saturated fat intake than those of employed. It is in excess of the standard ratio (1/1/1) of the Korean RDA. At the same time, in unemployed respondents the percent of energy intake from fat (24.8%, 23.2%) and animal fat (12.4%, 11.4%) were higher than those of employed respondents. The mean daily nutrient intake of calcium, zinc, and iron for both groups of respondents were lower than the Korean RDA. Both groups had phosphorus as the highest nutrient and calcium as the lowest nutrient of INQ (Index of Nutritional Quality) while nutrients with the INQ being less than 1 were calcium and iron. To sum up, the following conclusions can be made: Nutrition education and guidance for reduction of the intake of fat, especially animal fat, are necessary for unemployed women. In addition, highly educated, married, unemployed and employed women should increase the consumption of foods rich in iron and calcium to prevent anemia and osteoporosis, while decreasing the intake of phosphorus to balance proportions of calcium and phosphorus.

• Current Research on Agriculture and Life Sciences
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• 제4권
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• pp.12-17
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• 1986

고추 육종(育種)의 기초자료(基礎資料)를 얻고자 $342{\times}$김장고추, 馬山${\times}$Hungarian wax 그리고 마산(馬山)${\times}$제주(濟州) 등(等) 3조합(組合)의 친(親), $F_1$, $F_2$ 그리고 $BCF_1$ 세대(世代)에 대(對)해 적숙(赤熟)된 과실(果實)을 수집(收穫)하여 1생(生) 건과중(乾果重)을 구성(構成)하는 형질(形質)들의 잡종강세(雜種强勢), 유전성분(遺傳成分) 및 상관관계(相關關係)를 조사(調査)한 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 평균(平均) Heterosis는 거의 모든 형질(形質)에서 정(正)의 값을 나타내었고 평균(平均) Heterobeltiosis는 $342{\times}$김장고추조합(組合)을 제외(除外)하고는 거의 부(負)의 값을 나타내었다. 또한 근교약세(近交弱勢)도 정(正)의 값을 보여 $F_2$에서의 무게감소가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 형질발현(形質發現)에는 각(各) 조합(組合)의 형질(形質)에 따라 중복적(重複的) 혹(或)은 보족적(補足的)으로 상위성(上位性)이 작용(作用)하였으며 $F_2$에서 과중(果重)과 과육중(果肉重)은 광의(廣義) 및 협의(狹義)의 유전력(遺傳力)이 높았으며 기타형질(其他形質)은 전반적(全般的)으로 낮았다. 각(各) 과중구성요소간(果重構成要素間)의 형질상관(形質相關)은 생(生) 건과중(乾果重)에서 모두 정(正)의 유의(有意)한 상관(相關)을 보였다.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.717-726
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• 2017

항공유에 fatty acid methyl esters (FAME)가 혼합될 경우 연료 공급시스템과 항공기 엔진에 치명적인 고장의 원인이 될 수 있기 때문에 항공유 품질규격에서 FAME 함량을 50 mg/kg 이하로 규정하고 있다. 무수히 많은 탄화수소로 구성된 항공유 중의 FAME 성분을 선택적으로 분석하기 어렵기 때문에 본 연구에서는 MDGC-MS를 사용한 새로운 시험방법을 개발하였다. Deans switching 시스템이 설치된 MDGC-MS를 이용하면 코코넛 오일이나 팜유 유래의 저분자량 FAME 성분도 분석이 가능함을 확인하였다. 개발된 시험방법은 FAME 피크의 머무름 시간을 약간 뒤로 이동시키는 매질 효과(matrix effect)를 현행의 기준 시험방법(IP 585)보다 약 20배 이하로 감소시킬 수 있었다. MDGC-MS는 항공유에 미량의 FAME가 오염되었는지 여부를 정성 및 정량적으로 확인할 수 있는 시험방법으로 적합하였다.

• Annals of Laboratory Medicine
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.578-584
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• 2018

Background: Accurate, rapid, and cost-effective screening tests for hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection may be useful in laboratories that cannot afford automated chemiluminescent immunoassays (CLIAs). We evaluated the diagnostic performance of a novel rapid automated fluorescent lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA). Methods: A fluorescent LFIA using a small bench-top fluorescence reader, Automated Fluorescent Immunoassay System (AFIAS; Boditech Med Inc., Chuncheon, Korea), was developed for qualitative detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs), and antibody to HCV (anti-HCV) within 20 minutes. We compared the diagnostic performance of AFIAS with that of automated CLIAs-Elecsys (Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Penzberg, Germany) and ARCHITECT (Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL, USA)-using 20 seroconversion panels and 3,500 clinical serum samples. Results: Evaluation with the seroconversion panels demonstrated that AFIAS had adequate sensitivity for HBsAg and anti-HCV detection. From the clinical samples, AFIAS sensitivity and specificity were 99.8% and 99.3% for the HBsAg test, 100.0% and 100.0% for the anti-HBs test, and 98.8% and 99.1% for the anti-HCV test, respectively. Its agreement rates with the Elecsys HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV detection assays were 99.4%, 100.0%, and 99.0%, respectively. AFIAS detected all samples with HBsAg genotypes A-F and H and anti-HCV genotypes 1, 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b, 4, and 6. Cross-reactivity with other infections was not observed. Conclusions: The AFIAS HBsAg, anti-HBs, and anti-HCV tests demonstrated diagnostic performance equivalent to current automated CLIAs. AFIAS could be used for a large-scale HBV or HCV screening in low-resource laboratories or low-to middle-income areas.

• 사회복지연구
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• 제39호
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• pp.395-423
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• 2008

본 연구는 자발적으로 마약류 의존 치료재활 서비스를 이용하고 있는 한국 성인남녀를 대상으로 그들의 서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 개인적 특성을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있으며, 이론적 틀로 건강서비스 이용행태 분석에 널리 사용되는 Andersen의 '건강서비스이용 행동모형'을 활용하였다. 연구참여자 모집의 어려움으로 유의표집을 통해 조사된 80명의 자료를 분석에 활용하였으며, 분석방법으로 위계적 회귀분석을 사용하였다. 분석 결과, '학력(선행요인)'이 높을수록 현재 이용하는 치료재활 서비스 수가 많으며, '동료의존자의 지지(자원요인)'가 클수록 현재 이용하는 치료재활 서비스 수도 많고 향후 지속적으로 서비스를 이용할 의사도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한 의존자들이 느끼는 '인지된 욕구(욕구요인)'가 클수록 입원 입소 경향이 높은 것으로 분석되었다. 엔더슨모형에 의하면 우리나라 마약류 의존자 치료재활 서비스 이용에 영향을 미치는 요인은 매우 제한적이며, 또한 서비스 이용의 형평성도 낮은 것을 알 수 있다.

• 한국아동복지학
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• 제55호
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• pp.87-111
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• 2016

본 연구는 13세미만 아동의 법정 증언과 관련해 특히 영상매체를 통한 전문 진술이 재판에서 아동인권보호 측면에서 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지 살펴보고 본 제도의 정책적 개선방안을 찾고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 본 연구의 목적을 위해 판례의 분석은 사실관계에 따라 분석하면서 판례의 내용에 따라 분석하였다. 내용의 분석은 13세미만 아동성폭력 판례들 중 판결의 주요 쟁점사항을 질적 분석하였다. 구체적으로 아동의 간접 진술인 영상매체를 통한 전문 진술을 법적 쟁점 사항으로 다루고 있는 판례들을 선별하여 영상매체의 증거능력의 유무 및 그 증거능력의 신빙성(증명력)을 살펴보면서 국제기준인 유엔아동권리협약(United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child)을 통해 아동인권보호를 위한 체계적 대안을 마련하고자 하였다. 그 결과 13세미만 아동의 성폭력 재판에서 영상매체에 대한 증거능력 및 증명력판단에 전문적 지표를 만들어 재판에 활용하여 법관의 재량에 의한 판단을 축소할 것과 아동의 전문 진술에 대한 대질심문 적용범위와 관련한 규정을 신설할 것을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 판례를 통해 아동의 인권이 성인에 비해 재판에서 취약한 근거를 살펴 법률 정책의 개선방안을 살펴봄에 그 의미가 있다. 그러나 본 연구는 공개된 판례에 한정하여 판례를 선별하여 연구를 살펴 볼 수밖에 없는 연구의 한계점이 존재하고 있음을 밝힌다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2020

본 논문에서는 지능형 전장인식 서비스를 위한 자연어처리 기반 지식베이스 구축 방안에 대해 연구한다. 현재의 지휘통제체계는 수집된 전장정보와 전술데이터를 등록, 저장, 공유 등의 기본적인 수준에서 관리 및 활용하고 있으며, 분석관에 의한 정보/데이터 융합 및 상황 분석/판단이 수행되고 있다. 이는 분석가의 시간적 제약과 인지적 한계로 일반적으로 하나의 해석만이 도출되며 편향된 사고가 반영될 수 있다. 따라서 지휘통제체계의 전장상황인식 및 지휘결심지원 지능화가 필수적이다. 이를 위해서는 지휘통제체계에 특화된 지식베이스를 구축하고 이를 기반으로 하는 지능형 전장인식 서비스 개발이 선행되어야 한다. 본 논문에서는, 민간 데이터인 엑소브레인 말뭉치에서 제시된 개체명 중 의미 있는 상위 250개 타입을 적용하고 전장정보를 적절히 표현하기 위해 무기체계 개체명 타입을 추가 식별하였다. 이를 바탕으로 멘션 추출, 상호참조해결 및 관계 추출 과정을 거치는 전장인식 지식베이스 구축 방안을 제시하였다.

• 약학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.25-30
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• 1998

This study was designed to compare the absorption fraction and extent of ketoprofen gels and a matrix typed ketoprofen plaster patch. 3g (90mg as ketoprofen) of the two gels whi ch has oleohydrogel or hydrogel as a base, respectively, and 3 pieces of plaster patches (90mg as ketoprofen) were, applied in the area of 210$cm^2$ on forearm in 12 volunteers by cross over design. Blood samples were collected serially up to 24 hours and the plasma concentrations of ketoprofen were analyzed by HPLC using flurbiprofen as an internal standard. The detection limit of the assay was 1ng/ml of ketoprofen in plasma. The pharmacokinetic parameters (e.g. $AUC_{24hr}$, $AUMC_{24hr}$, MRT, Fraction Absorbed) were calculated from the plasma concentrations time data of each volunteer. The oleo-hydrogel showed significantly higher absorption fraction and extent of ketoprofen than the current hydrogel. The mean plasma concentrations of the oleo-hydrogel were increased to 98.46${\pm}$23.15ng/ml by 6 hour after application, and increased futher to 100.61${\pm}$18.65ng/ml at 24 hour. On the other hand, those of the hydrogel were increased 17.61${\pm}$18.65ng/ml at 5 hour to 34.68${\pm}$9.65ng/ml at 24 hour gradually. Therefore the plasma concentrations of oleo-hydrogel at each measured time were 3~7 times greater than those of the hydrogel with statistical significance. The $AUC_{24hr}$ (1797.26${\pm}$52.09ng.h/ml) of the oleo-hydrogel was 3.5 times greater (P<0.05) than that (516.17${\pm}$104.52ng.h/ml) of the hydrogel. The plaster patches showed higher bioavailability ($AUC_{24hr}$ 2877.37${\pm}$578.27ng.h/ml) than the olea-hydrogel ($AUC_{24hr}$ 1797.26${\pm}$52.09ng.h/ml) without statistical significance. But the absorption fraction of the oleo-hydrogel was rather higher than that of the plaster patches during the first 6 hours after administration. These results suggest that newly developed ketoprofen gel which is used oleo-hydrogel as a base would show excellent skin permeation on topical application for the corresponding clinical indications and could be absorbed as well as plaster patches.