• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.327-337
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• 2023

Objectives: Considering the importance of social determinants of health (SDHs) in promoting the health of residents of informal settlements and their diversity, abundance, and breadth, this study aimed to identify, measure, and rank SDHs for health promotion interventions targeting informal settlement residents in a metropolitan area in Iran. Methods: Using a hybrid method, this study was conducted in 3 phases from 2019 to 2020. SDHs were identified by reviewing studies and using the Delphi method. To examine the SDHs among informal settlement residents, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted using researcher-made questionnaires. Multilayer perceptron analysis using an artificial neural network was used to rank the SDHs by priority. Results: Of the 96 determinants identified in the first phase of the study, 43 were examined, and 15 were identified as high-priority SDHs for use in health-promotion interventions for informal settlement residents in the study area. They included individual health literacy, nutrition, occupational factors, housing-related factors, and access to public resources. Conclusions: Since identifying and addressing SDHs could improve health justice and mitigate the poor health status of settlement residents, ranking these determinants by priority using artificial intelligence will enable policymakers to improve the health of settlement residents through interventions targeting the most important SDHs.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.22-29
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• 2018

A multi-channel network(MCN) is an organization that works with video platforms, such as YouTube, to offer assistance to channel owners in areas such as "products, programming, funding, cross-promotion, partner management, digital rights management, monetization/sales, and/or audience development" in exchange for a percentage of the ad revenue from the channel. This paper examines the market trends, business trends, and future evolution of an MCN. It also examines the status of the MCN industry in the media industry and the strategic direction for future industry development.

• Digital Contents
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• no.9 s.124
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• pp.120-121
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• 2003

온라인 게임의 선두 주자라 할 수 있는 엔시소프트의 리니지가 '혈맹'을 주제로 한 에피소드 I '말하는 섬'부터 에피소드 XII인 '아덴'까지의 파트I을 성공리에 끝마쳤다. 그리고 지난 8월 6일, 테스트서버에서 선보였던 파트 II정복을 주제로 한 '크로스랭커(엇갈린증오)'의 첫번째 에피소드인 '빛과 그림자'가 본서버에 업데이트 했다. 이와 동시에 새롭게 제작된 브랜드 이미지와 바뀐 서버 선택창, 추가된캐릭터의 슬롯, 리뉴얼된 디자인까지 이번 업데이트를 통해 함께 맛볼 수 있다.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.71-77
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• 2004

Various types of industry, from manufacturing industry to service industry, can be a subject of exhibition. So, subdivided studies about exhibition for each type of industry or field are necessary. However, there are still insufficient studies about them. Also, fashion industry related exhibitions should be classified differently from other industries' exhibitions because of their special features. Therefore, this study examines that how an exhibition is utilized as a promotion means of a company and the present condition of a fashion exhibition. It also compares a fashion exhibition with other industrial exhibitions to suggest the effective operations and the progressive promotion of the fashion exhibition. This study uses questionnaire from 140 companies for 5 exhibitions, which participated fashion related exhibitions. Data of this study is statistically analyzed using SPSS for window ver. 10.0 program. It also uses frequency, cross tabs, paired t-test, Independent Samples t-test. As a result of this study, fashion related companies' recognition of exhibitions has been increased. However; in terms of exhibition participation, attitudes such as pre-promotion or pre-education for the staff, who are in charge of the exhibition booths, and the outcome of the exhibition aren't maximized because the right understanding concerning exhibitions is lacking and long-term preparation is insufficient. Also, advertisement for the exhibitions isn't enough because of insufficient preparation and absence of pre-promotion, so consultation with promising buyers can't be activated. Even though there are consultations, the consultations don't have much effect.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.167-177
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• 2005

Objectives: This study was performed to examine the clustering of lifestyle risk factors for chronic diseases in urban poor and rural adults. Methods: As a cross-sectional study, a questionnaire survey was conducted in 2003. Data was collected from 468 urban poor adults and 385 rural adults. And 848 persons data was used for final analysis. We surveyed their smoking habit alcohol consumption, exercise habit education and disease histories. Result: In mea about 25% of the urban poor subjects and about 20% of the rural subjects had three lifestyle risk factors(Prevalence ratio was 1.29). And, in women, about 1.5% of the urban poor subjects and about 0.5% of the rural subjects had three lifestyle risk factors(Prevalence ratio was 4.00). Especially in men, clustering of smoking and excessive alcohol consumption was strongest both the urban poor and rural subjects(Observed/Expected ratio(O/E): 1.4 in the urban poor subjects, 1.3 in the rural subjects). Conclusions: These findings show that the lifestyle risk factors cluster among the urban poor and rural adults. And the clustering is stronger in the urban poor adults than the rural adults. This tendency was important for health education and health promotion. We suggest that more intensive health promotion strategies for the urban poor adults are needed.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.617-630
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• 1993

Factors related to health promotion activities and quality of life in Korean women with arthritis have not been clearly identified. Predictors of health promotion might be identified that will enhance the well - being of this group. Accordingly, the findings of the study will contribute additional information about the relationship between health promotion and quality of life and will add to the research on quality of life of individuals with a leading cause of disability--arthritis. The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship of selected background factors (years of illness, perceived severity of illness, uncertainty in illness), perceived self- efficacy, and health promoting behaviors to the quality of life of Korean women with arthritis. A cross - sectional descriptive design was used in this study to investigate relationships among the variables of interest. The sample was composed of 96 women who had arhtrits and visited large university hospital in Seoul for regular check up or pre-scription of medication. The purpose of a descriptive correlational design was to determine the absence or presence of relationships among variables that were measurable (Polit & Hungler, 1981, p.147). The design of this study was appropriate because it yielded answers to the research questions and hypotheses regarding the relationships among the model variables. the Questionnaire contained demographic information, translated Mishel Uncertainty in illness Scale-Community form (MUIS-C) (Mishel, 1987), translated and modified Disease Course Graphic Scale(DCGS) which was developed by Braden (1990), translated Sherer. et al.’s General Self-Efficacy Scale (1982), The Health -Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP), developed by Walker, Sechrist, and Fender (1987) and traslated to Korean by Ha, and quality of life was measured by Face Scale (Andrew, 1976). Several steps of verification for the translation process were carefully conducted. Data analysis included descriptive correlational statistics and multiple regression techniques. Health promotion was the only contributor to pre-dict quality of life. Results showed that enabling cognitive perceptual factor (self-efficacy) mediates the disruptive force (uncertainty in ill-ness) on achieving a health promoting self- help behavior. The findings of this study also indicated that illness - related variable of severity of illness was mediated by health promotion, which buffered it's impact on quality of life.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.77-97
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• 2002

Since growth promotion was defined by Koch(1935), many researches like Benholdt and Thomsen(1942) have conducted studies for understanding problem of puberty growth. Growth promotion means that growth is developed in puberty, and several researchers have reported that the more becomes economic growth, the more becomes growth promotion. Thereupon, this study was attempted to find Maximum Growth Age(M.G.A.), as an index of height growth promotion in Korea, which was obtained by longitudinal observations of the same group. Thus, this study can explain the earlier tendency of growth. To investigate domestic changes in M.G.A., M.G.A. was calculated with the results of cross-sectional researchs using 25 representative papers between 1940-1953 including measurements by Lee(1940) and data by Kim(1953) in this study. Based on the research data published between 1940 and 2000, height and M.G.A. of males and females who were born between 1925 and 1983 were gotten by years, and a trend of growth promotion for height in Koreans was suggested by examining study subjects. Findings of this study are as follows; 1. M.G.A. for height decreased both in males and females; for males, 14.28 years in 1940, 14.24 in 1953, 13.86 in 1967, 12.74 in 1985, and 11.71 in 2000; for females, 12.0 in 1940, 11.52 in 1965, 10.00 in 1978 and 9.77 in 2000. 2. Regression equations and standard errors of estimate concerning M.G.A. for height by years were obtained; for males, Y$_1$(M.G.A.) = 17.21 - 0.059X$_1$, S$_{Y1X1}$(standard error of estimate about the regression line) = ${\pm}$0.62; for females, Y$_2$(M.G.A.) = 13.81-0.042X$_2$, S$_{Y2X2}$(standard error of estimate about the regression line) = ${\pm}$0.64 3. As a result of finding correlation between year and M.G.A. r=-0.763 (p<0.001) for male and r=-0.699(p<0.001) for female were obtained 4. From a view that the growth promotion has been continued before 2000, M.G.A. decreased 0.6 years for male and 0.4 for female per 10 years. 5. M.G.A. for height is as shown in Table 2. 6. It is thought that the future trend of growth promotion for height will follow the progress from 1940s to now. It shall be reviewed again after development of coming several years is investigated.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.307-313
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• 2014

In order to predict the post-cracking tensile behavior of fiber reinforced concrete, it is necessary to evaluate the fiber orientation factor which indicates the number of fibers bridging a crack. For investigation of fiber orientation factor on a circular cross-section, in this paper, cylindrical steel fiber reinforced concrete specimens were casted with the variables of concrete compressive strength, circular cross-section size, fiber type, and fiber volumetric ratio. The specimens were cut perpendicularly to the casting direction so that the fiber orientation factor could be evaluated through counting the number of fibers on the circular cross-section. From the test results, it was investigated that the fiber orientation factor on a circular cross-section was lower than 0.5 generally adopted, as fibers tended to be perpendicular to the casting direction. In addition, it was observed that the fiber orientation factor decreased with an increase of the number of fibers per unit cross-section area. For rational prediction of the fiber orientation factor on a circular section, a rigorous model and a simplified equation were derived through taking account of a possible fiber inclination angle considering the circular boundary surface. From the comparison of the measured data and the predicted values, it was found that the fiber orientation factor was well predicted by the proposed model. The test results and the proposed model can be useful for researches on structural behavior of steel fiber reinforced columns with a circular cross-section.

• Archives of design research
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• v.19 no.3 s.65
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• pp.183-194
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• 2006

It is expected that the typical lifestyle of the future will be transformed into an opulent and comfortable existence as the quality of life improves due to the increase in household income and reduction in working hours. In the meantime, as the standard of living becomes increasingly more comfortable and plentiful, the toll on physical health becomes magnified as a result of obesity and insufficient exercise caused by super nutrition and change in labor conditions. This has instigated a deep awareness in fitness on the part of many people, forcing them to recognize the significance of daily exercise and physical activity. The Elliptical Cross Trainer(ECT), which has drawn wide attention recently, is a non-impact athletic apparatus that not only promotes exercise of the upper body parts in such sports as skiing but also the exercise of lower parts of the body on a treadmill. It is a type of cross training athletic gear that has been developed for aerobic exercise throughout the entire body. It has already formed a market as big as that of the treadmill in Europe, America, etc. Recently, its demand is growing sharply in the Korean markets as well as those in Northeast Asian countries. Despite such demand increase and expansion, since most of the expensive ECTs are exclusively supplied by suppliers in only a few advanced countries, localization of the ECT is urgently required in order to enhance competitiveness of Korean manufacturers and to expand the market. The ECT development project has been in full swing for approximately two year since 2004 in order to secure independent design, as well as engineering and manufacturing processes in efforts to develop a commercially viable ECT.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.386-392
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• 2009

Purpose: This descriptive study was done to identify the relationship between health literacy and health status and to provide basic data for developing nursing interventions for Korean-Chinese elders living in Yanbian, China. Methods: For data collection, intentional sampling of 300 elders was used. The questionnaire was composed of 5 items based on "Ministry of Health, the People's Republic of China(2008)" to measure health literacy, 33 health status items from the "Korean Health Status Measure for Elderly People" developed by Shin(2002), revised for use in China, and 9 general characteristics. Data were analyzed using SPSS Win 13.0 program. Results: Total level of health literacy was relatively high(68.7%). Elders had high scores for taking medicines according to doctor's instruction, but lower ones for full comprehension through communication with doctors. Health status was high for emotional, physical, and social function in that order. There were significant differences between general characteristics and health status for gender, age, marital status, education, family, smoking, and alcohol consumption in that order. Results of multiple regression analysis for factors influencing health status showed that self-report health level was the most influential, followed by health literacy, age, gender. Conclusion: Health literacy is the main factor affecting health promotion among minority elders indicating a need to develop health promotion programs for elders who have low health literacy.